The Federated States of Micronesia sent a team of five athletes to compete at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China. The appearance of the delegation marked the third appearance by a Micronesian team at the Olympics since its debut at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia. Three male athletes and two female athletes comprised the Olympic team. None of the track or swimming athletes advanced past the qualification round, and Minginfel placed second to last in his event. There has yet to be a medalist from the Federated States of Micronesia. Minginfel held the Micronesian flag in the opening ceremony.
Anna Stylianou is a Cypriot swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events. Stylianou made her official debut, as a 14-year-old, at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where she placed forty-fourth overall in the women's 100 m freestyle, with a time of 59.08 seconds.
Samantha Paxinos is a Botswana swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She became one of the first-ever Botswana swimmers, alongside John Kamyuka, to compete at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and the first female to carry the nation's flag in the opening ceremony. At the games she swam in heat three, but fell behind Olivia Aya Nakitanda of Uganda by more than half a second, failing to advance to the semifinals.
Ximene Gomes is a Mozambican swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Mozambique at the 2008 Summer Olympics, finishing among the top 60 swimmers in the women's 50 m freestyle.
Senele Dlamini is a Swazi swimmer, who specialized in freestyle and backstroke events. She represented her nation Swaziland at the 2008 Summer Olympics, finishing among the top 65 swimmers in the 50 m freestyle.
Martha Matsa is a Greek swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a two-time Olympian, and a member of the swimming team for HAN Thessaloniki.
Elena Popovska is a Macedonian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented the Republic of Macedonia at the 2008 Summer Olympics, placing among the top 50 swimmers in the 100 m freestyle.
Julianne Kirchner is an American and Marshallese swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Having moved with her family to the Marshall Islands at a very young age because of her father's occupation, Kirchner acquired a dual citizenship to participate internationally for her new homeland in swimming at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Natasha Moodie is a Jamaican competitive swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She was a three-time national record holder and NCAA All-American champion, and a member of the Jamaican team at the 2008 Summer Olympics. While studying kinesiology at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan, Moodie trained and swam for the Michigan Wolverines team under head coach Jim Richardson. She is a member of the award-winning Team Rogers in Tulsa, Oklahoma.
Gilbert Kaburu is a Ugandan former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. He represented his nation Uganda at the 2008 Summer Olympics, placing himself among the top 85 swimmers in the 50 m freestyle.
Oksana Serikova is a Ukrainian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She helped out her Ukrainian team to break a national record time of 4:05.56 in the women's medley relay at the 2006 European Aquatics Championships in Budapest, Hungary. She is also an eighth-place finalist in the 50 m freestyle at the 2010 European Aquatics Championships in the same location as four years before.
Nataliya Khudyakova is a Ukrainian swimmer, who specialized in freestyle events.
Irina Shlemova is an Uzbekistani former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a two-time Olympian and a member of Oltin Suv Swimming Club, under the tutelage of her personal coach Daniya Galandinova.
Anna-Liza Mopio-Jane is a Papua New Guinean swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Papua New Guinea at the 2008 Summer Olympics, swimming in the 50 m freestyle. Before her retirement from competitive swimming career in 2012, Mopio-Jane trained for Chandler Swim Club in her current residence Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, under the tutelage of head coach Drew McGregor.
Éva Dobár is a Hungarian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Dobar represented her nation Hungary at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and also trained as a member of the swimming team at Jövő Sports Club in Miskolc, under the tutelage of personal coach Balázs Fehérvári.
Ragnheiður Ragnarsdóttir, also known as Ragga Ragnars is an Icelandic actress and former swimmer, who specialised in sprint freestyle events. She is a multiple-time Icelandic record holder in both long and short course freestyle. After retiring from swimming, Ragnheiður studied acting and played the role of Gunnhild on the TV series Vikings from 2018 to 2020.
Razan Taha is a Jordanian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Jordan at the 2008 Summer Olympics, placing herself among the top 70 swimmers in the 50 m freestyle.
Marina Vladimirovna Mulyayeva is a Kazakh former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle and individual medley events. She is a six-time national record holder, a multiple-time ACC titleholder, and a one-time NCAA Honorable Mention All-American swimmer. Mulyayeva is also a varsity swimmer for the Maryland Terrapins and an international business major at the University of Maryland in College Park, Maryland.
Anastasiya Sergeyevna Aksenova is a Russian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She represented her nation Russia in a sprint freestyle swimming double at the 2008 Summer Olympics, and has also claimed multiple Russian championship titles and national records in both the individual and relay freestyle events. Aksenova was also a member of Suduroyar Svimjifelag in Vagur, Faroe Islands, under the tutelage of head coach Jon Bjarnason.
Chang Hee-jin is a South Korean former swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. She is a two-time Olympian, and a three-time All-American swimmer in the same stroke. Chang is also a former varsity swimmer for the Texas Longhorns, and a graduate of political science at the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. Prior to her time with the Longhorns, she attended Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, where she was a 4-year varsity athlete and a formerly held various NEPSAC swimming records.
Uganda 
