Osiris Luna | |
---|---|
General Director of Penal Centers | |
Assumed office 18 June 2019 | |
President | Nayib Bukele |
Preceded by | Orlando Molina Ríos (interim) |
Vice Minister of Justice and Public Security | |
Assumed office 18 June 2019 | |
President | Nayib Bukele |
Preceded by | Position established |
Deputy of the Legislative Assembly | |
In office 1 May 2018 –18 June 2019 | |
Constituency | San Salvador |
Personal details | |
Born | Osiris Luna Meza 8 February 1989 El Salvador |
Political party | Grand Alliance for National Unity |
Occupation | Politician |
Osiris Luna Meza (born 8 February 1989) is a Salvadoran politician who currently serves as the General Director of Penal Centers and the Vice Minister of Justice and Public Security. He previously served as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly from the department of San Salvador from 2018 to 2019.
Osiris Luna Meza was born on 8 February 1989 in El Salvador. [1] His mother is Alma Yanira Meza Olivares. [2] Luna is a member of the Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA) and is a close friend of Guillermo Gallegos,one of the party's most prominent members. [1]
In 2018,Luna was elected as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly from the department of San Salvador as a member of GANA. Sonia Maritza López Alvarado was elected as Luna's substitute deputy. [3] Luna was a member of three legislative commissions:the Commission for the Family,Children,Adolescents,Older Adults,and People with Disabilities;the Commission for External Relations,Central American Integration,and Salvadorans in the Exterior;and the Commission for Municipal Affairs. [4]
As a member of the Legislative Assembly,Luna presented legislation to modernize and promote self-sustainability in the country's prisons. He was a member of five legislative commissions. He also served as the head of the Penitentiary Overcrowding Reduction Plan as a part of the General Directorate of Penal Centers (DGCP). [5] Prior to the inauguration of President Nayib Bukele during the procession of the deputies of the XII Legislative Assembly,Luna was reportedly one of the few deputies which the crowd in attendance applauded. [6]
On 4 June 2019,Rogelio Rivas,the Minister of Justice and Public Security,named Luna his selection to become the General Director of Penal Centers [5] to replace Orlando Elías Molina Ríos who was serving in an interim capacity, [7] however,the Legislative Assembly blocked his appointment. To circumvent the Legislative Assembly,Bukele appointed Luna as the Vice Minister of Justice and Public Security on 18 June 2019,and that Luna would assume office as General Director of Penal Centers as a result. Luna resigned as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly upon his appointment. [8] [9] Luna promised to "carry out an audit into the financial and work aspects" ("hacer una auditoría en el aspecto financiero y de trabajo") within the DGCP and to "seek to clarify" ("buscaráesclarecer") the internal organization of the country's prisons. [10]
Between 24 and 27 April 2020,a total of 77 people were murdered in El Salvador,and Bukele alleged that the murders were organized by gang members within the country's prisons. He ordered Luna to lockdown the country's prisons,lock inmates in their cells for 24 hours,and place the gangs' leaders in solitary confinement indefinitely. Luna later tweeted that "not even a single ray of sunlight will enter any of these cells". [11]
External videos | |
---|---|
Osiris Luna guiding President Nayib Bukele on a tour of CECOT. |
Between 25 and 27 March 2022,a total of 87 people were murdered in El Salvador. The series of murders led to Bukele calling for a large-scale gang crackdown and state of exception which was approved by the Legislative Assembly on 27 March 2022. [12] Since the beginning of the crackdown,thousands of alleged gang members have been arrested,and Luna assured that everyone arrested during the crackdown would be thoroughly investigated and that the arrests made were not arbitrary. [13] He also stated that individuals who died while incarcerated died due to poor health,adding that "no deaths have been confirmed within prisons that are not linked to health issues" ("no se ha confirmado ninguna muerte dentro de los centros penales que no estévinculada al tema de salud"). [14] On 1 February 2023,Bukele posted a video on Twitter of him being led by Luna on a tour of the Terrorism Confinement Center (CECOT),a newly built prison in Tecoluca with a capacity for 40,000 prisoners. The prison was built to hold individuals arrested during the gang crackdown. [15] Luna stated that prisoners would be made to work to "compensate for some of the damage they did to society" and that "all the terrorists who [caused] grief and pain to the Salvadoran people will serve their sentences [...] under the most severe regime". [16]
On 3 November 2022,Luna announced that the government had begun to destroy the gravestones of deceased gang members,tweeting that "in El Salvador there is NO space for terrorists" and that "terrorists [gang members] will no longer be able to 'glorify' the memory of dead criminals". He also published images of gravestones being destroyed. Although the gravestones themselves would be destroyed,the government stated that the gang members' bodies would not be disturbed. [17]
In November 2019,controversy arose over Luna not disclosing how he paid for a private flight to Los Angeles,arguing that he only has to report flights paid for with public funds. After an image of him on a private jet traveling to Mexico to meet with security contractors was leaked,Luna stated that he traveled to and from Mexico on Avianca El Salvador and he traveled within Mexico on private jets with no expense. A few days after Luna's statement,Bukele added that Luna's flight was not paid for by public funds. [18] In November 2022,the National Civil Police initiated an investigation into Luna regarding his 2019 flights to Mexico. The Police Intelligence Subdirectorate alleged that Luna financed the flight with public funds. [19]
In September 2021,Revista Factum alleged that Luna had illegally used US$8.5 million of funds from prison stores and that he had transferred deposits of US$300 to prisoners,twice the legal deposit amount. Revista Factum alleged that his actions violated at least four sections of the Regulations of the Penitentiary Law. Luna denied having transferred the deposits. [20] That same month,the El Faro digital newspaper alleged that Luna,his mother,and a DGCP employee had illegally sold 42,909 food packets containing rice,beans,maize,and oil intended for COVID-19 patients as a part of the Health Emergency Program. El Faro alleged that Luna earned US$1,609,087.50 from the sales. [2]
In September 2023,Cristosal,a non-governmental organization,petitioned the office of the attorney general to launch an investigation into Luna alleged corruption and crimes committed as General Director of Penal Centers. [21]
In September 2020,the El Faro alleged that Luna and Carlos Marroquín,the chairman of the Social Fabric Reconstruction Unit,had secretly negotiated with the country's criminal gangs on behalf of Bukele's government. El Faro claimed that it acquired logbooks reportedly showing Luna and Marroquín entering the Zacatecoluca and Izalco prisons to meet and negotiate with imprisoned gang leaders. El Faro alleged that both men negotiated allowing prison privileges,repeal anti-gang laws,and transfer specific prison guards the gang members viewed as being aggressive in exchange for the gangs supporting Nuevas Ideas in the upcoming 2021 legislative election. [22] Bukele denied the allegations made against Luna and Marroquín. [23] Luna also denied the allegations,stating that "I have not and will not participate in any such meeting [...] these kinds of activities aren't who I am". [24]
In July 2021,the United States Department of State named Luna as of six Salvadoran government officials as being corrupt. His named was added to the Engel List—a report which lists individuals in Central America accused of corruption or undermining democracy—and subsequently had his travel visa to the United States canceled. [25] On 8 December 2021,the United States Department of the Treasury sanctioned both Luna and Marroquín,claiming that both secretly negotiated with criminal gangs in El Salvador to lower the country's homicide rate and support the government in exchange for privileges for imprisoned gang leaders. [26] Following the sanctions against Luna being instated,the United States Department of Justice began preparing indictments against both Luna and Marroquín for allegedly negotiating a truce with the gangs. Bukele rejected the sanctions against both Luna and Marroquín as "absurd" [27] and described it as the United States demanding "absolute submission". [26]
Nayib Armando Bukele Ortez is a Salvadoran politician and businessman who is the 43rd president of El Salvador,serving since 1 June 2019. He is the first president since JoséNapoleón Duarte (1984–1989) not to have been elected as the candidate of one of the country's two major political parties:the left-wing Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN) and the right-wing Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA).
Legislative elections were held in El Salvador on 18 February 2021. Salvadorans elected all 84 deputies of the Legislative Assembly,all 262 mayors of municipal councils of the country's municipalities,and all 20 of El Salvador's deputies to the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN).
Nuevas Ideas is a Salvadoran political party. The party was founded on 25 October 2017 by Nayib Bukele,the then-mayor of San Salvador,and was registered by the Supreme Electoral Court on 21 August 2018. The party's current president is Xavier Zablah Bukele,a cousin of Bukele who has served since March 2020.
Gabriela Roberta Rodríguez de Bukele is a Salvadoran educator,prenatal psychologist and the current First Lady of El Salvador,as the wife of the 43rd President of El Salvador,Nayib Bukele. She is also a professional ballet dancer and is part of the dance company Fundación Ballet de El Salvador.
The COVID-19 pandemic in El Salvador was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. The virus was confirmed to have reached El Salvador on 18 March 2020. As of 19 September 2021,El Salvador reported 102,024 cases,3,114 deaths,and 84,981 recoveries. As of that date El Salvador had arrested a total of 2,424 people for violating quarantine orders,and 1,268,090 people had been tested for the virus. On 31 March 2020,the first COVID-19 death in El Salvador was confirmed.
RenéFrancis Merino Monroy is a Salvadoran military officer and politician who currently serves as the Minister of National Defense. He was appointed to the position by President Nayib Bukele in June 2019,becoming the first officer from the Salvadoran Navy to serve as minister of defense.
David Victoriano Munguía Payés is a former Salvadoran Army general who served as Minister of National Defense of El Salvador from 2009 to 2011 and again from 2013 to 2019.
Ernesto Alfredo Castro Aldana is a Salvadoran politician and businessman who currently serves as the president of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador. Castro previously served as a secretary and private advisor to Nayib Bukele from 2012 to 2020 when he was elected as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly from San Salvador in the 2021 legislative election.
A political crisis in El Salvador occurred on 1 May 2021 when the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador voted to remove several judges from the Supreme Court and remove the Attorney General of El Salvador,both of which had been vocal opponents to the presidency of Nayib Bukele. The event has been referred to as a self-coup by the opposition and by news media outlets due to the action itself but also because of the 2020 Salvadoran political crisis in the year prior,where Bukele ordered soldiers into the Legislative Assembly,which has also been characterized as a self-coup.
General elections will be held in El Salvador on 4 February 2024 to elect the president,vice president and all 60 deputies of the Legislative Assembly. This will be followed by a second set of elections on 3 March 2024 in which voters will elect all 44 mayors and municipal councils of the country's municipalities and all 20 of El Salvador's deputies to the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN). If necessary,a second presidential round will be held on the same date if no candidate receives over 50 percent of the vote in the first round.
The Salvadoran gang crackdown,referred to in El Salvador as the Régimen de Excepción and the Guerra Contra las Pandillas,began in March 2022 in response to a crime spike between 25 and 27 March 2022,when 87 people were killed in El Salvador. The Salvadoran government blamed the spike in murders on criminal gangs in the country,resulting in the country's legislature approving a state of emergency that suspended the rights of association and legal counsel,and increased the time spent in detention without charge,among other measures that expanded the powers of law enforcement in the country.
The Airport of the Pacific is a planned joint-use civilian international airport and military base which will be located in Conchagua,El Salvador,and will serve the city of La Unión. The airport was proposed by Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele during his 2019 presidential campaign as a part of his "Plan Cuscatlán" and construction was approved by the Legislative Assembly on 26 April 2022. Terraforming began in March 2023.
The Terrorism Confinement Center is a maximum security prison located in Tecoluca,San Vicente,El Salvador. The prison was built from July 2022 to January 2023 amidst a large-scale gang crackdown;it was opened in January 2023 by President Nayib Bukele and received its first 2,000 prisoners in February 2023.
Juan Manuel de Jesús Flores Cornejo,nicknamed "El Chino",is a Salvadoran politician. As a member of the Farabundo MartíNational Liberation Front (FMLN),Flores served as the mayor of Quezaltepeque from 2003 to 2012 and then later as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly from La Libertad from 2012 to 2021. He is currently a presidential pre-candidate for the FMLN for the upcoming 2024 general election;his running mate is Werner Marroquín. Flores supports El Salvador further strengthening relations with the People's Republic of China.
Guillermo Antonio Gallegos Navarrete is a Salvadoran lawyer and politician of the Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA). He currently serves as a deputy of the Legislative Assembly of El Salvador and previously served as the president of the Legislative Assembly
The war against corruption is an ongoing anti-corruption campaign in El Salvador. The campaign was declared by Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele on 1 June 2023.
The Territorial Control Plan is an ongoing Salvadoran security and anti-gang program. The program consists of six phases and a potential seventh phase if phases one through six are unsuccessful. In 2019,the Salvadoran government estimated that the Territorial Control Plan would cost US$575.2 million in total.
Rodolfo Antonio Delgado Montes is a Salvadoran lawyer who currently serves as the attorney general of El Salvador. He was appointed as attorney general by the Legislative Assembly in May 2021 after his predecessor,Raúl Melara,was removed by the Nuevas Ideas-led legislature. Prior to his appointment as attorney general,he worked for the Office of the Attorney General from 1995 to 2017 in various roles.
Karim Alberto Bukele Ortez is a Salvadoran businessman and politician. He is a younger brother of and presidential advisor to Nayib Bukele,the incumbent president of El Salvador. Bukele has previously worked as Nayib's campaign manager during his 2015 and 2019 electoral campaigns as well as the campaign manager for the Nuevas Ideas political party in 2021.
Yusef AlíBukele Ortez is a Salvadoran businessman,politician,and economist. He is a younger brother of and advisor to Nayib Bukele,the incumbent president of El Salvador. Bukele has served as one of Nayib's economic advisors and played a role in the adoption of bitcoin as legal tender in El Salvador.