Deichman Library | |
---|---|
General information | |
Type | Public Library |
Architectural style | Functionalism and Deconstructivism |
Location | Oslo, Norway |
Completed | 2019 |
Opened | Current: 2020. Previous: 1933 |
Technical details | |
Structural system | 3 see-through cubes in light grey/white with openings on the left and right sides on the two other ones. |
Design and construction | |
Architect(s) | Lundhagem Arkitekter and Atelier Oslo |
Main contractor | Diagonale |
Awards and prizes | IFLA/Systematic Public Library of the Year 2021, Norwegian Library of the Year 2020, Trend Brand of the Year 2020 |
Website | |
deichman |
Oslo Public Library (officially called in Norwegian Deichman bibliotek, Deichman Library) is the municipal public library serving Oslo, Norway, and is the country's first and largest library. It employs over 300 people and has over 20 branches throughout the city. Registered users may use the library every day, even when it is not staffed, from 7 am to 11 pm. It is also possible to borrow and return books when the library is not staffed. One of the most prized books in the library's collection is the Vulgate Bible of Aslak Bolt (1430–1450), Norway's only preserved liturgical handwritten manuscript from medieval times. The book itself is estimated to have been written around 1250. The head of the library from 2014 to 2016 was Kristin Danielsen.
The library opened on 12 January 1785 following an endowment from Carl Deichman, who also bequeathed 7,000 books and 150 manuscripts which formed the basis of the library's collection. [1]
From the start the library was open to all citizens. At the time most lending libraries charged a membership fee, making it impossible for poorer people to access them. However, the initial collection was largely made up of texts in German, French, Latin and Danish and was therefore largely only of interest to members of the educated upper class. In 1802 it was decided to move the library to the Oslo Cathedral School and to merge it with the school's collection. Jacob Rosted was both librarian of the Deichman Library and rector of the school. The library remained part of the school until the mid-1800s, when it got its own premises. Under the leadership of Haakon Nyhuus, who was head librarian from 1898 to 1913, the library became a model for public libraries throughout the Nordic region. Nyhuus modernised the library along American lines, having spent eight years in America and been inspired by Carnegie libraries. Among his innovations were the introduction of reading rooms and the addition of books for children and young people. During Nyhuus' time as librarian, the collection tripled in size and the borrowing of books increased by 25 times. The library had an estimated 4,000 visitors a day. The library now has a bust of Nyhuus.
The library has several specialised departments, such as a music department, and a department for children and youth (decorated by Tulla Blomberg Ranslet), a department for prison libraries and a library for patients at the Rikshospital. It previously also housed The Multilingual Library, which is now part of the National Library of Norway.
The library's main building, Deichman Bjørvika, is in the Bjørvika district of Oslo, next to the Opera and the new Munch Museum, part of the Fjord City renewal project. [2] It was designed by architectural firms Lundhagem and Atelier Oslo [3] Deichman Bjørvika opened to the public on 18 June 2020. Deichman Bjørvika has won several awards, including the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions / Systematic Public Library of the Year award . The building will also hold manuscripts contributed to the Future Library project, among them texts by Margaret Atwood and David Mitchell. The building houses several busts, including one of Karen-Christine Friele. It featured as part of the introduction of the Norwegian finalist during Eurovision 2023 Contest.
Munch Museum, marketed as Munch since 2020, is an art museum in Bjørvika, Oslo, Norway dedicated to the life and works of the Norwegian artist Edvard Munch.
Cambridge University Library is the main research library of the University of Cambridge. It is the largest of over 100 libraries within the university. The library is a major scholarly resource for members of the University of Cambridge and external researchers. It is often referred to within the university as the UL. Thirty-three faculty and departmental libraries are associated with the University Library for the purpose of central governance and administration, forming "Cambridge University Libraries".
The Royal Library in Copenhagen is the national library of Denmark and the university library of the University of Copenhagen. It is among the largest libraries in the world and the largest in the Nordic countries. In 2017, it merged with the State and University Library in Aarhus to form a combined national library. The combined library organisation is known as the Royal Danish Library.
The Cotton or Cottonian library is a collection of manuscripts once owned by Sir Robert Bruce Cotton MP (1571–1631), an antiquarian and bibliophile. It was one of the three "foundation collections" of the British Museum in 1753, and is now one of the major collections of the Department of Manuscripts of the British Library. After the Dissolution of the Monasteries, many priceless and ancient manuscripts that had belonged to the monastic libraries began to be disseminated among various owners, many of whom were unaware of the cultural value of the manuscripts. Cotton's skill lay in finding, purchasing and preserving these ancient documents. The leading scholars of the era, including Francis Bacon, Walter Raleigh, and James Ussher, came to use Sir Robert's library. Richard James acted as his librarian. The library is of special importance for having preserved the only copy of several works, such as happened with Beowulf and Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
Landsbókasafn Íslands – Háskólabókasafn is the national library of Iceland which also functions as the university library of the University of Iceland. The library was established on December 1, 1994, in Reykjavík, Iceland, with the merger of the former national library, Landsbókasafn Íslands, and the university library. It is the largest library in Iceland with about one million items in various collections. The library's largest collection is the national collection containing almost all written works published in Iceland and items related to Iceland published elsewhere. The library is the main legal deposit library in Iceland. The library also has a large manuscript collection with mostly early modern and modern manuscripts, and a collection of published Icelandic music and other audio. The library houses the largest academic collection in Iceland, most of which can be borrowed for off-site use by holders of library cards. University students get library cards for free, but anyone can acquire a card for a small fee. The library is open for public access.
Akerselva or Akerselven is a river which flows through Oslo. It starts at Maridalsvannet in Oslomarka, and traverses the boroughs of Nordre Aker, Sagene, Grünerløkka, central Oslo and Grønland, whereby it finally ends at Paulsenkaien and Oset in Bjørvika. The river is considered to be a part of the Nordmarkvassdraget, and has the Norwegian watercourse number 006.Z. The entire river is about 8.2 kilometres (5.1 mi) long, and has a difference in elevation between source and mouth of approximately 149 metres (489 ft).
The National Library of Norway was established in 1989. Its principal task is "to preserve the past for the future". The library is located both in Oslo and in Mo i Rana. The building in Oslo was restored and reopened in 2005.
Amalie Skram was a Norwegian author and feminist who gave voice to a woman's point of view with her naturalist writing. In Norway, she is frequently considered the most important female writer of the Modern Breakthrough. Her more notable works include a tetralogy, Hellemyrsfolket (1887–98) which portray relations within a family over four generations.
Bjørvika is a neighborhood in the Sentrum borough of Oslo, Norway. The area is an inlet in the inner Oslofjord, situated between Gamlebyen and Akershus Fortress. It serves as an outlet for the river Akerselva. Since the 2000s, it has been undergoing urban redevelopment, being transformed from a container port. When completed, the Bjørvika neighborhood will be a new cultural and urban center in Oslo. The multi-purpose medium-rises of the Barcode Project dominates the skyline to the north; to the east the residential area of Sørenga is under construction. The National Opera is located at Bjørvika, and both the Oslo Public Library and the Munch/Stenersen museum are situated in this neighbourhood, the latter replacing the old Munch Museum in 2020.
Bergen Public Library is a library building and public library institution in Bergen, Norway. Founded in 1872, it is the second largest public library in Norway. In addition to the main building in Bergen's city centre, Bergen Public Library operates nine branch offices and the library service in Bergen's two prisons.
The Library of Trinity College Dublin serves Trinity College. It is a legal deposit or "copyright library", under which, publishers in Ireland must deposit a copy of all their publications there, without charge. It is the only Irish library to hold such rights for works published in the United Kingdom.
The Bjørvika Tunnel is a motorway immersed tunnel on European Route E18 in the city center of Oslo, Norway. The tunnel has two bores, with three lanes in each. In the west, it connects to the Festning Tunnel at Akershus Fortress and runs under the Bjørvika arm of the Oslofjord before ending in an intersection on the east shore, where it splits into Mosseveien (E18) and the Ekeberg Tunnel. The tunnel is 1,100 metres (3,600 ft) long, 675 meters of which run below sea level, and opened in September 2010. It was built by the Norwegian Public Roads Administration The Bjørvika Tunnel is part of the Opera Tunnel complex which is the name of the interconnected system of tunnels between Ryen and Filipstad. The Bjørvika Tunnel is the first immersed tunnel in Norway.
The Fjord City is an urban renewal project for the waterfront part of the centre of Oslo, Norway. The first redevelopment was at Aker Brygge during the 1980s. Bjørvika and Tjuvholmen followed up during the 2000s, while the remaining parts of the Port of Oslo will be developed in the 2010s. The port will be relocated to Sørhavna. The planning is performed by the Oslo Waterfront Planning Office. Major investments in the area include a new Central Railway Station, an already completed Oslo Opera House, and the commercial buildings in the Barcode Project. Several large cultural institutions will be moved to Bjørvika, including moving the Oseberg Ship, Oslo Public Library, and the Munch Museum. The main barrier between the city and the fjord will disappear when European Route E18 is relocated to the Bjørvika Tunnel.
HAV Eiendom AS is a stock-based company that is responsible for the urban redevelopment of the Bjørvika area of Oslo, Norway. Owned by the Oslo Port Authority, the former owner of the Bjørvika area, the company's goal is to "participate in the urban development of the Bjørvika area through development, rental, management, purchase and sale of real estate in the Bjørvika area". HAV Eiendom also has ownership interests in companies that run similar businesses and own 66 percent of Bjørvika Utvikling AS, which owns 100 percent of Bjørvika Infrastruktur AS. The company is also a minority owner of housing development in Bjørvika. The company was founded on 7 April 2003, in order to create a sustainable fjord city in Bjørvika and to make value for Oslo, the harbour, and society.
The Multilingual Library in Oslo, Norway is a competence centre for multicultural library services, and acts as an advisor to libraries.
Carl Deichman was a Norwegian businessman, industrialist, book collector and philanthropist. His endowment lead to the founding of the Oslo Public Library officially known as Deichman Library .
Haakon Nyhuus was a Norwegian librarian and encyclopedist.
The Future Library project is a public artwork that aims to collect an original work by a popular writer every year from 2014 to 2114. The works will remain unread and unpublished until 2114. One thousand trees were specially planted for the project in the Nordmarka forest at its inception; the 100 manuscripts will be printed in limited-edition anthologies using paper made from the trees. The Guardian has referred to it as "the world's most secretive library".
Ljungby library, is a library in Ljungby, Sweden, that opened in 1982. It was designed by architect Jan Wallinder and have an interior designed by Rolf and Margareta Åberg. It is visited daily by 500 to 800 patrons and is 3,030 square metres (32,600 sq ft) in size. The library also house a small café plus an attached art gallery, which also can serve as lecture hall.
The Nordfjord Opera house is the home of Opera Nordfjord and is the second opera house in Norway. The building is situated in the town center of Nordfjordeid in Western Norway, north of the Sagastad Viking Center. It is operated by Vestland County Municipality and Stad Municipality. The building also houses Eid Upper Secondary School. The structure is 9,132 m2. The main auditorium seats 530 while the cinema seats 105. The main stage is 14 m (46 ft) wide and 10 m (33 ft) deep.