PPP2R2B

PPP2R2B
Identifiers
Aliases	PPP2R2B , B55BETA, PP2AB55BETA, PP2ABBETA, PP2APR55B, PP2APR55BETA, PR2AB55BETA, PR2ABBETA, PR2APR55BETA, PR52B, PR55-BETA, PR55BETA, SCA12, protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit Bbeta
External IDs	OMIM: 604325 MGI: 1920180 HomoloGene: 55833 GeneCards: PPP2R2B
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 5 (human) [1] Band 5q32 Start 146,580,742 bp [1] End 147,084,784 bp [1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 18 (mouse) [2] Band 18|18 B3 Start 42,770,497 bp [2] End 43,216,192 bp [2]
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in sperm ganglionic eminence prefrontal cortex caudate nucleus nucleus accumbens Brodmann area 23 putamen endothelial cell dorsolateral prefrontal cortex Brodmann area 9 Top expressed in entorhinal cortex primary motor cortex visual cortex subiculum superior frontal gyrus seminiferous tubule inferior colliculus medulla oblongata ventromedial nucleus lateral hypothalamus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein binding protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity protein phosphatase regulator activity Cellular component cytoplasm mitochondrial outer membrane cytoskeleton membrane mitochondrion protein phosphatase type 2A complex cytosol Biological process apoptotic process mitotic cell cycle peptidyl-serine dephosphorylation developmental process regulation of phosphoprotein phosphatase activity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 5521 72930 Ensembl ENSG00000156475 ENSMUSG00000024500 UniProt Q00005 Q6ZWR4 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001271899 NM_001271900 NM_001271948 NM_181674 NM_181675 NM_181676 NM_181677 NM_181678 NM_027531 NM_028392 RefSeq (protein) NP_001258828 NP_001258829 NP_001258877 NP_858060 NP_858061 NP_858062 NP_858063 NP_858064 NP_082668 NP_081807 NP_001390894 Location (UCSC) Chr 5: 146.58 – 147.08 Mb Chr 18: 42.77 – 43.22 Mb PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 55 kDa regulatory subunit B beta isoform is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PPP2R2B gene. ^{[5] [6]}

The product of this gene belongs to the phosphatase 2regulatory subunit B family. Protein phosphatase 2 is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases, and it is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. It consists of a common heteromeric core enzyme, which is composed of a catalytic subunit and a constant regulatory subunit, that associates with a variety of regulatory subunits. The B regulatory subunit might modulate substrate selectivity and catalytic activity. This gene encodes a beta isoform of the regulatory subunit B55 subfamily. Defects in the 5' UTR of this gene may cause a rare form of autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia 12. ^[7]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156475 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024500 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Mayer RE, Hendrix P, Cron P, Matthies R, Stone SR, Goris J, Merlevede W, Hofsteenge J, Hemmings BA (May 1991). "Structure of the 55-kDa regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: evidence for a neuronal-specific isoform". Biochemistry. 30 (15): 3589–97. doi:10.1021/bi00229a001. PMID   1849734.
6. Holmes SE, O'Hearn EE, McInnis MG, Gorelick-Feldman DA, Kleiderlein JJ, Callahan C, Kwak NG, Ingersoll-Ashworth RG, Sherr M, Sumner AJ, Sharp AH, Ananth U, Seltzer WK, Boss MA, Vieria-Saecker AM, Epplen JT, Riess O, Ross CA, Margolis RL (Dec 1999). "Expansion of a novel CAG trinucleotide repeat in the 5' region of PPP2R2B is associated with SCA12". Nat Genet. 23 (4): 391–2. doi:10.1038/70493. PMID   10581021. S2CID   33491731.
7. "Entrez Gene: PPP2R2B protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), regulatory subunit B, beta isoform".

Further reading

• Millward TA, Zolnierowicz S, Hemmings BA (1999). "Regulation of protein kinase cascades by protein phosphatase 2A". Trends Biochem. Sci. 24 (5): 186–91. doi:10.1016/S0968-0004(99)01375-4. PMID   10322434.
• Andersen JL, Planelles V (2005). "The role of Vpr in HIV-1 pathogenesis". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 43–51. doi:10.2174/1570162052772988. PMID   15638722.
• Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle". Retrovirology. 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC   554975 . PMID   15725353.
• Zhao RY, Elder RT (2005). "Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation". Cell Res. 15 (3): 143–9. doi: 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 . PMID   15780175.
• Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses". Indian J. Med. Res. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID   15817944.
• Schalling M, Hudson TJ, Buetow KH, Housman DE (1993). "Direct detection of novel expanded trinucleotide repeats in the human genome". Nat. Genet. 4 (2): 135–9. doi:10.1038/ng0693-135. PMID   8348150. S2CID   13281635.
• Tung HY, De Rocquigny H, Zhao LJ, et al. (1997). "Direct activation of protein phosphatase-2A0 by HIV-1 encoded protein complex NCp7:vpr". FEBS Lett. 401 (2–3): 197–201. doi: 10.1016/S0014-5793(96)01470-6 . PMID   9013886. S2CID   23293768.
• Ruediger R, Brewis N, Ohst K, Walter G (1998). "Increasing the ratio of PP2A core enzyme to holoenzyme inhibits Tat-stimulated HIV-1 transcription and virus production". Virology. 238 (2): 432–43. doi: 10.1006/viro.1997.8873 . PMID   9400615.
• Strack S, Zaucha JA, Ebner FF, et al. (1998). "Brain protein phosphatase 2A: developmental regulation and distinct cellular and subcellular localization by B subunits". J. Comp. Neurol. 392 (4): 515–27. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19980323)392:4<515::AID-CNE8>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID   9514514. S2CID   20496320.
• Fujigasaki H, Verma IC, Camuzat A, et al. (2001). "SCA12 is a rare locus for autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia: a study of an Indian family". Ann. Neurol. 49 (1): 117–21. doi:10.1002/1531-8249(200101)49:1<117::AID-ANA19>3.0.CO;2-G. PMID   11198281. S2CID   20499068.
• Elder RT, Yu M, Chen M, et al. (2001). "HIV-1 Vpr induces cell cycle G2 arrest in fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) through a pathway involving regulatory and catalytic subunits of PP2A and acting on both Wee1 and Cdc25". Virology. 287 (2): 359–70. doi: 10.1006/viro.2001.1007 . PMID   11531413.
• Guo CY, Brautigan DL, Larner JM (2002). "ATM-dependent dissociation of B55 regulatory subunit from nuclear PP2A in response to ionizing radiation". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (7): 4839–44. doi:10.1074/jbc.M110092200. PMID   11723136.
• Bennin DA, Don AS, Brake T, et al. (2002). "Cyclin G2 associates with protein phosphatase 2A catalytic and regulatory B' subunits in active complexes and induces nuclear aberrations and a G1/S phase cell cycle arrest". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (30): 27449–67. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111693200 . PMID   11956189.
• Okamoto K, Li H, Jensen MR, et al. (2002). "Cyclin G recruits PP2A to dephosphorylate Mdm2". Mol. Cell. 9 (4): 761–71. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00504-X . PMID   11983168.
• Marmorstein LY, McLaughlin PJ, Stanton JB, et al. (2002). "Bestrophin interacts physically and functionally with protein phosphatase 2A". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (34): 30591–7. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M204269200 . PMID   12058047.
• Hrimech M, Yao XJ, Branton PE, Cohen EA (2002). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr-mediated G(2) cell cycle arrest: Vpr interferes with cell cycle signaling cascades by interacting with the B subunit of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A". EMBO J. 21 (14): 3918. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdf420. PMC   126131 . PMID   12110603.

External links

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 12