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Transport in Pakistan is extensive and varied. In recent years, new national highways have been built, with the addition of motorways which have improved trade and logistics within the country. Pakistan's rail network is also undergoing expansion in recent years. Airports and seaports have been built with the addition of foreign and domestic funding. Transportation challenges in Pakistan are escalating due to poor planning, inadequate governance, and corrupt practices.
Gwadar is a port city on the southwestern coast of the Pakistani province of Balochistan. The city is located on the shores of the Arabian Sea, opposite Oman and has a population of over 90,000, according to the 2017 census. It was an overseas possession of Oman from 1783 to 1958. It is about 120 km (75 mi) southwest of Turbat. The sister port city of Chabahar in Iran's Sistan and Baluchestan province is about 170 km (110 mi) to the west of Gwadar. On 2 April 2021, it was declared the winter capital of Balochistan.
The Gwadar Port is situated on the Arabian Sea at Gwadar in Balochistan province of Pakistan and is under the administrative control of the Maritime Secretary of Pakistan and operational control of the China Overseas Port Holding Company. The port features prominently in the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and is considered to be a link between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Maritime Silk Road projects. It is about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Turbat, and 170 kilometres (110 mi) to the east of Chabahar Port.
China–Pakistan relations, also referred to as Chinese-Pakistani relations or Sino–Pakistani relations, refers to the bilateral relations between the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the People's Republic of China (PRC). Formal relations between China and Pakistan were established in 1950, when the Dominion of Pakistan was among the first countries to sever diplomatic relations with the Republic of China (ROC) government in favour of recognizing the PRC as the legitimate "China". Since then, relations between the two countries have been extremely cordial for the last few decades, which are influenced by their similar geopolitical and mutual interests. Although both countries have vast cultural and religious differences, they have developed a special partnership. Both countries have placed considerable importance on the maintenance of a "special relationship" between them, and their regular exchanges of high-level visits have culminated in the establishment of various cooperative measures. China has provided economic, technical, and military assistance to Pakistan; both sides regard each other as close strategic allies.
The M-8 is an east–west motorway in Pakistan, connecting Sukkur- Larkana to Gwadar. The motorway is partly currently under-construction, while the 193 kilometre stretch between Gwadar and Hoshab was inaugurated in February 2016. A timeline for the completion of the motorway is not available due to the difficult terrain in which the motorway is being constructed.
The M-5 motorway, also known as Multan–Sukkur Motorway, is a north–south motorway in Pakistan, which connects Multan with Sukkur. The motorway is a 392 km long, high-speed, controlled-access, six-lane motorway that forms part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor. It is currently the longest motorway in Pakistan.
China–Pakistan Economic Corridor is a 3,000 km Chinese infrastructure network project currently under construction in Pakistan. This sea-and-land-based corridor aims to secure and shorten the route for China’s energy imports from the Middle East, avoiding the existing path through the Straits of Malacca between Malaysia and Indonesia, which could be blockaded in case of war, thereby threatening China’s energy-dependent economy. Developing a deep-water port at Gwadar in the Arabian Sea and establishing a robust road and rail network from this port to the Xinjiang region in western China would serve as a shortcut, enhancing trade between Europe and China. In Pakistan, the project aims to address electricity shortages, develop infrastructure, and modernize transportation networks, while also transitioning the economy from an agriculture-based structure to an industrial one.
Xi Jinping's visit to Pakistan from 20 to 21 April 2015, was the first state visit of CCP General Secretary Xi Jinping to Pakistan. Xi is the second Chinese leader to visit Pakistan in the 2010s after Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's visit to Pakistan between 22 and 23 May 2013. It was also Xi's first overseas trip of 2015. The trip led to the signing of accords for $46 billion of investment in Pakistan by China for the construction of roads, rails, and power plants to be built on a commercial basis by Chinese companies over 15 years. Most of the 51 projects were part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor.
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As part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor, reconstruction and upgrade works are underway on the 887-kilometre-long (551 mi) National Highway 35 (N-35), which forms the Pakistani portion of the Karakoram Highway (KKH).
The Pakistan-China Fiber Optic Project is an 820 kilometer long optical fiber cable laid down between the Khunjerab Pass on the China-Pakistan border and the city of Rawalpindi. It has been constructed as part of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor at an estimated cost of $44 million. Groundbreaking on the project took place on 19 May 2016, in the city of Gilgit. The line was first envisaged in 2009, with Pakistan and China signing an agreement in 2013 to implement the project. However the project was not implemented until being included as part of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor. Placement of the line will take an estimated 2 years, and will bring 3G and 4G connectivity to the Gilgit-Baltistan region.
Gwadar East Bay Expressway is a municipal expressway in Gwadar, Balochistan, Pakistan. The six lane expressway was inaugurated by Prime Minister of Pakistan Mian Muhammad Shahaz Shareef on 3 June 2022. It connects Gwadar Port to the Makran Coastal Highway. The Gwadar Port Authority is supervising the project.
Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line is one of four main railway lines in Pakistan, operated and maintained by Pakistan Railways. The line starts from Kiamari station in the province of Sindh and ends at Peshawar Cantonment Station in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The railway track is dual between Keamari and Shahdara Bagh, Chaklala and Golra Sharif. The total length of the line is 1,687 kilometers (1,048 mi), with 176 railway stations in between. The line serves as the country's main passenger and freight line with 75% of the country's cargo and passenger traffic.
The M-14 Motorway, also known as the Islamabad–Dera Ismail Khan Motorway and the Hakla–Yarik Motorway, is a four-lane north–south motorway in Pakistan. The 285-kilometre-long (177 mi) motorway is a part of the Western Alignment of the China–Pakistan Economic Corridor, and offers high speed road connections between the Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area, and the southern parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province around Dera Ismail Khan.
The 34th Light Infantry Division, also known as Special Security Division (SSD), is a 2-star Pakistan Army formation, raised in September 2016 as a response to major concerns over how to protect the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) and its workforce from serious internal and external threats.
China National Electric Engineering Co. Ltd. is a state-owned engineering company. A specialized engineering services contractor; the company focuses in the areas of Engineering, Procurement & Construction (EPC), Consultation, Operation & Maintenance and Rehabilitation in infrastructural and clean energy solutions for various industrial projects. CNEEC is an international engineering company, which has been listed in the top 225 International Contractors by USA's ENR.
The New Gwadar International Airport (NGIA) is an airport in Gwadar, Pakistan. It is the largest airport in Pakistan by area, occupying 4,300 acres (17 km2) of land, and the second greenfield airport of Pakistan after Islamabad International Airport. The NGIA is located in Gurandani, 26 km north-east of the old airport in Gwadar on the south-western Arabian Sea coast of Balochistan Province. NGIA is expected to cost $246 million. It is mainly funded by China as a grant and was formally inaugurated on 14 October 2024 by Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif and Premier of China Li Qiang. The airport is scheduled to replace the Gwadar International Airport. With a runway spanning 3,658 meters in length and 45 meters in width, NGIA is capable of accommodating the Airbus A380 and Boeing 747-8.
The Gwadar Coal–Power Plant represents a 300-megawatt (MW) coal-fired power facility situated in Gwadar, Balochistan, Pakistan. It is part of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).
The Bannu Economic Zone or BEZ constitutes a pivotal component of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project. Situated in the region of Bannu, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, it holds prominence as one of the 17 economic zones designated for creation by the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Government under the overarching CPEC framework. Commencing with an initial land area encompassing approximately 408 acres, the first phase of the zone's development has successfully concluded.
References
- ↑ Desk, NNPS (October 17, 2022). "Pak-China friendship hospital Gwadar to be completed by Dec 2022".
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ↑ "Pak-China Friendship Hospital Gwadar to complete by Dec 2022". January 7, 2022.
- 1 2 "CPEC: Gwadar likely to have 50-bed modern hospital by Dec". Brecorder. January 10, 2022.
- ↑ "Pak-China Friendship Hospital | China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) Secretariat Official Website".
- ↑ "Pak-China Friendship Hospital in Gwadar under CPEC to be completed by Dec 2022". www.radio.gov.pk.
- ↑ "Pak-China Friendship Hospital to be completed in Dec '22". The Express Tribune. January 10, 2022.
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