Paraglaciecola polaris

Last updated

Occurrence

Paraglaciecola polaris
Scientific classification
Domain:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
P. polaris

(Van Trappen et al. 2004) Shivaji and Reddy 2014 [1] [2]
Binomial name
Paraglaciecola polaris
Type strain
ARK 150, CIP 108324, DSM 16457, LMG 21857, R-7215 [3]
Synonyms

Glaciecola polaris [2]

Paraglaciecola polaris(Glaciecola polaris) is a strictly aerobic and facultative oligotrophic bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from seawater from the Arctic Ocean. [2] [1] [4] [5] [6]

Contents

Structure

It is gram negative, rod shaped and motile with the distinct characteristics of budding and peritrichous prosthecae. Budding can occur on the surface of the cell and/or on the prosthecae. The presence of the branched prosthecae, has an increased surface to volume ratio, so that it can maximize nutrient uptake, due to the low nutrient availability in the polar seas. Lastly, G. polaris has a fatty acid profile similar to other genera to include Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas and Glaciecola. [7]

Genetics

The 16S rRNA gene shows a 98% similarity to Glaciocolamesophila. It has a G+C content of 44.1 mol% and genome size of 5.24 Mb. [8]

Metabolism

The Arctic species can be cultured on Marine agar and R2A agar with NaCl. It grows between 5 °C - 37 °C and up to 10% NaCl. [6] It is chemoheterotrophic and can utilize a number of nutrient sources including, but not limited to, glucose, mannitol, cellobiose, sucrose, maltose, galactose, fructose, trehalose, mannose, acetate, glycogen, dextrin, lactate, propionate, glutamate, and malate In addition, it hydrolyzes egg yolk, starch, aesculin, and DNA, but does not reduce nitrate. [6]

Related Research Articles

Alteromonas is a genus of Pseudomonadota found in sea water, either in the open ocean or in the coast. It is Gram-negative. Its cells are curved rods with a single polar flagellum.

Labrys wisconsinensis is a facultatively anaerobic bacterium from the family Xanthobacteraceae, which has been isolated from a water sample from the Lake Michigan in Wisconsin in the United States.

Starkeya is a genus of bacteria from the family of Xanthobacteraceae.

Azospirillum is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic, non-fermentative and nitrogen-fixing bacterial genus from the family of Rhodospirillaceae. Azospirillum bacteria can promote plant growth.

Flammeovirga is a Gram-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming and chemoorganotrophic genus of bacteria in the family Flammeovirgaceae which occur in marine environments.

Roseivirga echinicomitans is a species of Gram-negative bacteria that belongs to the family Flammeovirgaceae. It is a strictly aerobic, heterotrophic, pink-pigmented, non-motile bacterium from the genus Roseivirga. It was first isolated from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus intermedius.

Cyclobacterium is a mesophilic, neutrophilic, chemoorganotrophic and aerobic bacterial genus from the family of Cyclobacteriaceae. Cyclobacterium bacteria occur in marine habitats

Polaribacter is a genus in the family Flavobacteriaceae. They are gram-negative, aerobic bacteria that can be heterotrophic, psychrophilic or mesophilic. Most species are non-motile and species range from ovoid to rod-shaped. Polaribacter forms yellow- to orange-pigmented colonies. They have been mostly adapted to cool marine ecosystems, and their optimal growth range is at a temperature between 10 and 32 °C and at a pH of 7.0 to 8.0. They are oxidase and catalase-positive and are able to grow using carbohydrates, amino acids, and organic acids.

Patulibacter is a genus of bacteria from the family Patulibacteraceae.

Flavobacterium cauense is a Gram-negative and rod-shaped bacterium from the genus of Flavobacterium which has been isolated from sediments of the Taihu Lake in China. Colonies of Flavobacterium cauense on R2a agar have been reported to be yellowish orange.

Salisediminibacterium is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. The type species is Salisediminibacterium halotolerans.

Paraglaciecola mesophila is a Gram-negative, slightly halophilic, heterotrophic and motile bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from the liquor of an ascidian from the Troista Bay in Russia.

Paraglaciecola agarilytica is a Gram-negative, slightly halophilic and aerobic bacterium from the genus Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from sediments from the Sea of Japan.

Paraglaciecola arctica is a Gram-negative, psychrotolerant and motile bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from sediments from the Arctic Ocean.

Paraglaciecola chathamensis is a Gram-negative, strictly aerobic, chemoheterotrophic and motile bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from sediments from the Pacific Ocean.

Paraglaciecola oceanifecundans is a bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from the Southern Ocean.

Paraglaciecola psychrophila is a Gram-negative, psychrophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Paraglaciecola which has been isolated from the Arctic.

Formosa agariphila is a Gram-negative, heterotrophic and aerobic bacterium from the genus Formosa which occur in marine environments.

Salinimicrobium catena is a Gram-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic and non-motile bacterium from the genus of Salinimicrobium which has been isolated from sediments oft the South China Sea.

Myroides phaeus is a bacterium from the genus of Myroides which has been isolated from human saliva.

References

  1. 1 2 "Paraglaciecola". LPSN .
  2. 1 2 3 "Paraglaciecola polaris". www.uniprot.org.
  3. "Paraglaciecola polaris Taxon Passport - StrainInfo". www.straininfo.net.
  4. Parker, Charles Thomas; Garrity, George M (1 August 2008). Parker, Charles Thomas; Garrity, George M (eds.). "Taxonomic Abstract for the species". NamesforLife, LLC. doi:10.1601/tx.25820.{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  5. "Details: DSM-16457". www.dsmz.de.
  6. 1 2 3 Van Trappen, S; Tan, TL; Yang, J; Mergaert, J; Swings, J (September 2004). "Glaciecola polaris sp. nov., a novel budding and prosthecate bacterium from the Arctic Ocean, and emended description of the genus Glaciecola" (PDF). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (Pt 5): 1765–71. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63123-0 . PMID   15388742.
  7. Van Trappen, S. (2004-09-01). "Glaciecola polaris sp. nov., a novel budding and prosthecate bacterium from the Arctic Ocean, and emended description of the genus Glaciecola". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 54 (5): 1765–1771. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.63123-0 . ISSN   1466-5026. PMID   15388742.
  8. Qin, Qi-Long; Xie, Bin-Bin; Yu, Yong; Shu, Yan-Li; Rong, Jin-Cheng; Zhang, Yan-Jiao; Zhao, Dian-Li; Chen, Xiu-Lan; Zhang, Xi-Ying; Chen, Bo; Zhou, Bai-Cheng (2013-11-25). "Comparative genomics of the marine bacterial genusGlaciecolareveals the high degree of genomic diversity and genomic characteristic for cold adaptation". Environmental Microbiology. 16 (6): 1642–1653. doi:10.1111/1462-2920.12318. ISSN   1462-2912. PMID   25009843.