Parnall 382

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Parnall 382
Parnall382.jpg
Role Two-seat monoplane trainer
National origin United Kingdom
Manufacturer Parnall Aircraft Ltd
Designer Basil Henderson
First flight 1939
Number built 1
Developed from Parnall Heck

The Parnall 382 was a 1930s British single-engined monoplane trainer aircraft with two open cockpits, designed and developed by Parnall Aircraft Ltd.

United Kingdom Country in Europe

The United Kingdom (UK), officially the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and sometimes referred to as Britain, is a sovereign country located off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state, the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres (93,600 sq mi), the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world. It is also the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017.

Monoplane Fixed-wing aircraft with a single main wing plane

A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with a single main wing plane, in contrast to a biplane or other multiplane, each of which has multiple planes.

Contents

Design and development

The Parnall 382 was designed to meet UK Air Ministry Specification T.1/37 for an 'ab initio' trainer, and was also known as the Parnall Heck III. Its competitors were the Heston T.1/37 and the Miles M.15. The Airspeed AS.36, General Aircraft GAL.32 and Percival P.20 were also proposed against specification T.1/37, but not accepted or built. None of the designs was selected for production orders; it has been suggested [1] that the required performance could not be achieved within the constraints of the Specification.

Parnall Heck 1930s British four-seat cabin monoplane

The Parnall Heck was a 1930s British four-seat cabin monoplane built by Parnall Aircraft Limited at Yate, Gloucestershire. Originally a Hendy design, few were built. It combined the strength and comfort of a cabin aircraft with the speed of a racer.

Heston T.1/37 prototype tandem military training aircraft

The Heston T.1/37 was a 1930s British single-engined monoplane military trainer aircraft with two open cockpits, designed and developed by Heston Aircraft Company Ltd. It was not accepted for service.

Miles M.15

The Miles M.15 was a 1930s British single-engined monoplane trainer aircraft with two open cockpits, designed and developed by Miles Aircraft. Like other aircraft constructed to the official specification, it failed to meet the performance requirements, and only two were built.

Construction was primarily wooden, with plywood-skinned spruce frames. The cantilever oleo-pneumatic fixed main undercarriage legs were faired with spats. The undercarriage, tail unit and outer wing panels were adapted from the Parnall Heck 2C. The propeller was a de Havilland fixed-pitch type. Student and tutor sat in open, tandem cockpits, but the rear cockpit was later enclosed. [2] [3]

De Havilland 1920-1963 aircraft manufacturer

The de Havilland Aircraft Company Limited was a British aviation manufacturer established in late 1920 by Geoffrey de Havilland at Stag Lane Aerodrome Edgware on the outskirts of north London. Operations were later moved to Hatfield in Hertfordshire.

Operational history

One example of the Parnall 382 was built by Parnall Aircraft Ltd as a private venture project. The first flight was by G.A.C Warren at Yate Aerodrome in February 1939, with B conditions registration J1. In September 1939 it was registered G-AFKF. In June 1941, as the Parnall Heck III, it was allocated serial R9138 under contract 23979/39. [4] In trials at the Aeroplane & Armament Experimental Establishment (A&AEE) at Martlesham Heath, it was assessed as pleasant to fly and generally good as a trainer. Notwithstanding a few modifications, no order was forthcoming, and it was SOC (struck off charge) on 5 March 1943. It was allocated the serial 3600M [5] and ended its days as an Air Training Corps instructional airframe at Jones' West Monmouth School, Pontypool.

Yate town in Gloucestershire, England

Yate is a commuter town and civil parish in South Gloucestershire, England, at the southwest extremity of the Cotswold Hills, 12 miles (19.3 km) northeast of Bristol city centre and 98 miles due west of London. Yate developed from a village into a sizable town from the 1960s onwards partly as an over-spill or commuter town for the city of Bristol. Although not a new town in the official sense, Yate took on many of the characteristics of one.

Martlesham Heath village in United Kingdom

Martlesham Heath village is situated 6 miles east of Ipswich, in Suffolk, England. This was an ancient area of heathland and latterly the site of Martlesham Heath Airfield. A "new village" was established there in the mid-1970s and this has developed into a modern community, based on a traditional village pattern. The population is still included in that of Martlesham.

Air Training Corps British cadet organisation

The Air Training Corps (ATC) is a British volunteer-military youth organisation. They are sponsored by the Ministry of Defence and the Royal Air Force. The majority of staff are volunteers, and some are paid for full-time work – including Commandant Air Cadets, a Full Term Reserve Service RAF officer, at the rank of Air Commodore. Although many ATC cadets go on to join the RAF or other services, the ATC is not, nor has it ever been a recruiting organisation for its parent Service.

Specifications

Data from British Civil Aircraft Since 1919 [2] [6]

General characteristics

Airfoil

An airfoil or aerofoil is the cross-sectional shape of a wing, blade, or sail.

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 155 mph (249 km/h; 135 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 135 mph (217 km/h; 117 kn)

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References

  1. Lukins, A.H.; Russell, D.A. (1945), The Book of Miles aircraft, Leicester: Harborough, p. 52
  2. 1 2 Jackson, A.J. (1974), British Civil Aircraft Since 1919 Volume 3, UK: Putnam & Company Ltd, p. 91, ISBN   0-370-10014-X
  3. Lewis, Peter (November 1965), Air Pictorial, UK: Rolls House Publishing Co Ltd, p. 403.
  4. Halley, James J. (1980), Royal Air Force Aircraft R1000-R9999, UK: Air-Britain, ISBN   0-85130-082-0
  5. Revell, D.S. (1978), Under B Conditions, UK: Merseyside Aviation Society, ISBN   0-902420-24-0
  6. "MODERNITY in a TRAINER Advanced Features of the Parnall 382 : Slots and Slotted Flaps". Flight: 284–286. 23 March 1939. Retrieved 1 August 2015.