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The politics of Zimbabwe occurs in a society deeply divided along lines of race,ethnicity,gender and geography. The ZANU–PF party has historically been dominant in Zimbabwe politics. The party,which was led by Robert Mugabe from 1980 to 2017,has used the powers of the state to intimidate,imprison and otherwise hobble political opposition in Zimbabwe,as well as use state funds and state media to advance the interests of the party.
The Zimbabwe government consists of an elected head of state,the president,and a legislature. The presidential term lasts for 5 years,and is elected by majority,with a second round if no candidate receives a majority in the first round. The Parliament is bicameral,consisting of the House of Assembly and Senate. Following the 2013 constitution,the House of Assembly has 270 members. 210 are elected for five-year terms by single-member constituencies. Furthermore,the constitution specifies that for the two first parliaments,there are 60 additional seats reserved for women,6 seats per province,which are filled based on the votes for in the single-member constituencies,using party-list proportional representation,distributed using the largest remainder method and the hare quota. The Senate has 80 members:60 are elected for five-year terms in 6-member constituencies representing one of the 10 provinces,elected based on the votes in the lower house election,using party-list proportional representation,distributed using the hare quota. Additionally the senate consists of 2 seats for each non-metropolitan district of Zimbabwe elected by each provincial assembly of chiefs using SNTV,1 seat each for the president and deputy president of the National Council of Chiefs and 1 male and 1 female seat for people with disabilities elected on separate ballots using FPTP by an electoral college designated by the National Disability Board.
Parliamentary elections were held in Zimbabwe on 31 March 2005 to elect members to the Zimbabwe House of Assembly. All of the 120 elected seats in the 150-seat House of Assembly were up for election. There were a further 20 members appointed by the President and ten elected by traditional chiefs,who mostly support the government. Electoral colleges for the election of the ten chiefs to the parliament were to be held on 8 April.
Tendai Laxton Biti is a Zimbabwean politician who served as Finance Minister of Zimbabwe from 2009 to 2013. He is the second Vice President of Citizens Coalition for Change. He was the Secretary-General of the Movement for Democratic Change and the subsequent Movement for Democratic Change –Tsvangirai (MDC-T) political parties and a Member of Parliament for Harare East until he was expelled from the party and recalled from parliament in mid-2014,before winning the seat again in 2018.
The 7th Parliament of Zimbabwe was a meeting of the Zimbabwean Parliament,composed of the Senate and the House of Assembly. It met in Harare over five sessions from 25 August 2008 to 27 June 2013. Its membership was set by the disputed 2008 Zimbabwean general election,which resulted in a ZANU–PF majority in the Senate and Movement for Democratic Change –Tsvangirai control of the House of Assembly. Political negotiations resulted in the 2009 Government of National Unity,a coalition government composed of ZANU–PF,the MDC–T,and the MDC–M.
The Movement for Democratic Change –Tsvangirai (MDC–T) is a centre-left political party and was the main opposition party in the House of Assembly of Zimbabwe ahead of the 2018 elections. After the split of the original Movement for Democratic Change in 2005,the MDC–T remained the major opposition faction,while a smaller faction,the Movement for Democratic Change –Ncube,or MDC–N,was led by Welshman Ncube.
Mthuli Ncube,is the Finance Minister in the Zimbabwe cabinet appointed by president Emmerson Mnangagwa and past chief economist and Vice President of the African Development Bank. He holds a PhD in Mathematical Finance from Cambridge University. On 7 September 2018,President Emmerson Mnangagwa announced Zimbabwe's new cabinet where he named Professor Mthuli Ncube as the Finance Minister.
Nicola Jane Watson is a Zimbabwean accountant and politician who served as a Member of the National Assembly of Zimbabwe from 2013 until 2023. She was first elected to one of the seats reserved for women,then as the MP for Bulawayo Central in 2018,before defeating the Zanu-PF incumbent Raj Modi in Bulawayo South in 2023.
Rajeshkumar Indukant Modi is a Zimbabwean businessman and politician who is a member-elect of the National Assembly of Zimbabwe for Bulawayo South. He previously served as the MP for the constituency and as deputy minister of industry and commerce and from 2018 until 2023. He is a member of ZANU–PF.
The Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC) is a Zimbabwean political party that is led by Nelson Chamisa. It was established on 22 January 2022 and was announced on 24 January 2022 at a press conference at Bronte Hotel in Harare.
General elections were held throughout Zimbabwe on 23 and 24 August 2023 to elect the president,legislators and councillors. The main race for presidential office was between two candidates of Karanga origin:ZANU–PF's Emmerson Dambudzo Mnangagwa and Citizens Coalition for Change's Nelson Chamisa. The voter rolls for the election increased to 6.5 million,up from 5.8 million in 2018.
Cowdray Park is a constituency of the National Assembly of the Parliament of Zimbabwe. Located in the city of Bulawayo in south-western Zimbabwe.
Maxwell Mavhunga is a Zimbabwean politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for Chitungwiza South in the Harare Province since 2018. Elected as a member of the MDC Alliance,he joined the Citizens Coalition for Change in 2022.
By-elections were held in Zimbabwe on 11 November 2023 and will be held on 9 December 2023 and 3 February 2024 to fill vacancies in the National Assembly and in local government. The by-elections were triggered by Sengezo Tshabangu,who claimed to be the interim Secretary-General of the Citizens Coalition for Change,when he recalled nine constituency legislators,six proportional representative women’s quota and senators and seventeen councilors mainly from Bulawayo,one of the party's strongholds.
Morgan Ncube is a Zimbabwean politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Beitbridge West as a member of the Citizens Coalition for Change between September and October 2023. He formerly served as the mayor of Beitbridge in Matabeleland South from 2018 to 2020 as a member of the MDC Alliance.
Sengezo Tshabangu is a Zimbabwean politician.He is the interim Secretary General of the Citizens Coalition for Change (CCC) In October 2023,he recalled fifteen parliamentarians and seventeen councilors,including Masvingo's mayor,citing they were no longer party members in October. He went on to recall a further nine councilors,including Harare mayor Ian Makoni and his deputy on 9 November 2023.
Ereck Gono is a Zimbabwean politician who was elected to the National Assembly of Zimbabwe in the 2023 general election for the constituency of Lobengula Magwegwe as a member of the Citizens Coalition for Change. On 3 October 2023,he and fourteen other CCC MPs were recalled as MPs following a letter by Sengezo Tshabangu,who claimed to be the interim Secretary-General of the party. Gono and other MPs disputed the cessation of their CCC party membership and registered to contest the by-elections in their constituencies on 9 December 2023. On 7 December 2023,two days before the by-elections,Gono and the other recalled MPs were barred from contesting the by-elections.
Prince Dubeko Sibanda is a Zimbabwean politician who was elected in the 2018 general election to represent the constituency of Binga North in the National Assembly as a member of the MDC Alliance. He was recalled as an MP by MDC-T Secretary General Douglas Mwonzora in October 2020. Sibanda joined the Citizens Coalition for Change and won the seat back in a by-election on 26 March 2022.
References
- 1 2 3 "Inside the life of Mthuli's 'nightmare'". The Standard. 2 September 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ↑ "Chamisa Unveils His Winning Team – ZimEye" . Retrieved 2023-11-06.
- ↑ "Zanu PF wins 3 Parly seats unopposed after High Court ruling". The Herald. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
- ↑ "Disqualified CCC dozen re-enter race". Newsday Zimbabwe. 4 August 2023. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
- ↑ "Money doesn't always win: Wealthy candidates lose in Zimbabwe elections". www.thezimbabwean.co. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
- ↑ "CCC MPs officially recalled from parliament – Harare Live". hararelive.com. Retrieved 2023-11-06.
- ↑ https://www.herald.co.zw/court-bars-22-recalled-ccc-legislators-from-polls/