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Citations
Bibliography
Paul-Charles Ermens | |
---|---|
Born | Brussels, Belgium. | June 8, 1884
Died | November 1, 1957 73) Brussels, Belgium. | (aged
Allegiance | ![]() ![]() |
Service/ | Force Publique |
Rank | Lieutenant general |
Battles/wars | |
Awards | Commemorative Medal of the 1914–1917 African Campaigns |
Governor of Congo-Kasaï | |
In office 17 August 1932 –30 September 1933 | |
Preceded by | Joseph Beernaert |
Succeeded by | Constant Wauters |
Paul-Charles Ermens (June 8,1884 –November 1,1957) was a senior Force Publique officer,Vice-governor general of the Belgian Congo and Commander of the Force Publique. His most famous post was when he served as the commander of the Force Publique in World War II. [1]
He graduated in 1903 from the Belgian Royal Military Academy and joined the Royal grenadiers regiment. In 1914 he was an officer in the Force Publique,on August 4,1914,he was promoted to Captain-commandant. He commanded the 3rd battalion of the Force Publique in the East African Campaign (World War I),for his service he was awarded the title of knight in the Order of the African Star. In 1918 he became Commander of the Force Publique in East Africa. In 1925 he became General and was appointed as commander of the Force Publique. In 1930 he didn't agree with the plans to reform the Force Publique and returned to Belgium. In 1932 he was appointed as vice-governor general of the Belgian Congo and governor of Congo-Kasaï,and became the assistant of governor general Pierre Ryckmans. During World War II he was appointed as Lieutenant general and Commander of the Force Publique. After the war he was reappointed as vice-governor general until the end of his career. [1]
Ettore Bastico was an Italian military officer before and during World War II. In addition to being a general of the Royal Italian Army,he was also a senator and governor. He held high commands during the Second Italo-Ethiopian War,the Spanish Civil War,and the North African campaign. He is considered one of the best Italian commanders in World War II.
The Force Publique was a gendarmerie and military force in what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo from 1877,through the period of Belgian colonial rule. The FP was retitled as the Congolese National Army or ANC in July 1960 after independence.
Air Vice Marshal Sir Frederick Hugh Sykes,was a British military officer and politician.
Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Dermot Alexander Boyle,was a senior officer in the Royal Air Force. He served in the Second World War initially as a staff officer with the Advanced Air Striking Force in Reims in which capacity he organised the evacuation of the Force through Brest in May 1940. His war service included tours as a bomber squadron commander,as a station commander and also as an air group commander. He was Chief of the Air Staff in the late 1950s and,in that role,deployed British air power during the Suez Crisis in October 1956 and defended the RAF against the views of Duncan Sandys,the Minister for Defence,who believed that the V bomber force rendered manned fighter aircraft redundant.
Pierre Ryckmans,was a Belgian civil servant who served as Governor-General of Belgium's principal African colony,the Belgian Congo,between 1934 and 1946. Ryckmans began his career in the colonial service in 1915 and also spent time in the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi. His term as Governor-General of the Belgian Congo coincided with World War II in which he was instrumental in bringing the colony into the war on the Allied side after Belgium's defeat in May 1940. He was also a prolific writer on colonial affairs. He was posthumously created a peer of the realm in the Belgian nobility with the rank of count in 1962.
Auguste-Édouard Gilliaert was a Belgian colonial lieutenant general who served in both world wars,and a commander of the Force Publique in the Belgian Congo.
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Lieutenant General Charles Tombeur,1st Baron of Tabora was a Belgian military officer and colonial civil servant. As well as holding several major administrative positions in the Belgian Congo,he is particularly known for his role as commander of the Belgian colonial military,the Force Publique,during the first years of World War I. His military career culminated in the capture of Tabora in German East Africa in September 1916.
Kristian Rikardsen Løken was a highly decorated Norwegian military officer who served in the Belgian Force Publique from 1907 to 1917,fighting German colonial forces in East Africa from 1914 to 1917,and went on to command a Norwegian Army infantry brigade during the 1940 Norwegian campaign of the Second World War.
The Commemorative Medal of the African Campaigns 1914–1917 was a Belgian military war service medal established by Royal Decree on 21 February 1917 to recognise combat service on the African continent between 1914 and 1918.
The involvement of the Belgian Congo in World War II began with the German invasion of Belgium in May 1940. Despite Belgium's surrender,the Congo remained in the conflict on the Allied side,administered by the Belgian government in exile.
Marcel Maquet was a Belgian colonial administrator who became commissioner of Stanleyville Province in 1940,then governor of Léopoldville Province in 1943.
Count Albert-Émile de Beauffort was a Belgian colonial administrator.
Ernest-Camille Bock was a Belgian lawyer and colonial administrator. He was governor of Orientale Province in the Belgian Congo from 1945 to 1952.
Rodolphe Dufour was a Belgian colonial administrator. From 1933 to 1940 he was commissioner (governor) of the Orientale Province.
Georges Brunon Joseph Marie Moulaert was a Belgian colonial administrator. He was deputy governor general of Équateur Province in the Belgian Congo from 1917 to 1919. Later he became a businessman,head of several large enterprises in the Congo,and director of others. He drew criticism for his forced recruitment of Congolese workers in the Kilo-Moto gold mines.
Léon Guilain Bureau was a Belgian soldier who served in administrative roles in the Ottoman Empire and the Belgian Congo. Between 1918 and 1928 he was deputy governor general in turn of Congo-Kasaïand Katanga.
Joseph-Edouard-Louis Beernaert was a Belgian soldier who reached the rank of Lieutenant-General. He was governor of the province of Congo-Kasaïin the Belgian Congo from 1925 to 1929.
Louis Joseph Postiaux was a Belgian colonial administrator who was governor of Ruanda-Urundi,and then governor of Katanga Province.
Alfred Frédéric Gérard Marzorati was a Belgian lawyer and colonial administrator. He served at the bar in Brussels,then became a magistrate in the Belgian Congo. During World War I he was a legal advisor to the Belgian forces occupying German East Africa. He was appointed royal commissioner in charge of the Belgian mandate of Ruanda-Urundi in 1919,and strongly supported the 1926 administrative union between these territories and the Belgian Congo.
Informational notes