Paula J. Olsiewski | |
---|---|
Nationality | American |
Alma mater | Yale College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology |
Spouse | John Healey |
Scientific career | |
Fields | biochemist |
Institutions | Alfred P. Sloan Foundation; Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security |
Paula J. Olsiewski is an American biochemist who is a Contributing Scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. [1] She was a Program Director at the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, where she created and directed the Foundation's programs in the Microbiology of the Built Environment, the Chemistry of Indoor Environments and Civic Initiatives. She directed the Biosecurity program [2] [3] [4] until its conclusion in 2011 and the Synthetic Biology program until its conclusion in 2014.
Olsiewski earned a bachelor's degree in chemistry, cum laude, from Yale College, [5] and a Doctor of Philosophy in biological chemistry from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology [6] (1979) with a thesis on D-amino acid dehydrogenase evolution, supervised by Christopher T. Walsh. [7] From 1980 to 1982 she was a Postdoctoral Fellow in the lab of William H. Beers at New York University.[ citation needed ]
Olsiewski directed commercial development for in vitro diagnostic products at Enzo Biochem, (NYSE:ENZ), a biotechnology company focused on the manipulation and modification of nucleic acids to produce therapeutic and diagnostic products. [8] She directed the New York City Biotechnology Initiative, a state funded program to improve the region's ability to grow biotechnology companies by fostering relationships between industry and academia. She also established and directed the Technology Development Office at the Hospital for Special Surgery. [9]
Olsiewski is chair of the Board of Scientific Counselors Homeland Security Research Subcommittee at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and on the board of directors at the Critical Path Institute. In 2001 she served on the Board of Advisors for the WMD Center's Bio-Response Report Card. [10] From 2003 to 2009 she was a member of the MIT Corporation. [11] She was the first alumna to serve as President of the MIT Alumni Association (2003-2004), and served on the advisory board of the MIT Initiative on Faculty Race and Diversity [12] (2008-2009). She was a member of the Committee on Advances in Technology and the Prevention of Their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Threats, which produced the National Research Counsel Report “Globalization, Biosecurity, and the Future of Life Sciences” [13] (2006). From 2005 to 2012 she served on the advisory board for the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START).
Her most cited papers, according to Google Scholar: [14]
In 1995, Olsiewski won the MIT Henry B. Kane '24 Award, which is given in recognition of exception service and accomplishments in the area of fundraising. [15] In 2000, she received the MIT Bronze Beaver Alumni Award, which is given in recognition of distinguished service - it is the highest honor the Alumni Association bestows upon any of its members. [16] Also in 2000, she received the Yale Class Distinguished Service Award, which is selected by the class leadership and bestowed to recognize and thank classmates who have dedicated time, energy and enthusiasm to the Class. [17] In 2018, Olsiewski was elected as a AAAS Fellow in the Chemical Sciences division. [18] In 2022, the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate inducted Olsiewski as a new Academy Fellow [19] and awarded her their Special Award ″in recognition of her advocacy and support of basic research for the microbiology and chemistry of the indoor environment.″ [20]
Threonine is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group, a carboxyl group, and a side chain containing a hydroxyl group, making it a polar, uncharged amino acid. It is essential in humans, meaning the body cannot synthesize it: it must be obtained from the diet. Threonine is synthesized from aspartate in bacteria such as E. coli. It is encoded by all the codons starting AC.
Peter G. Schultz is an American chemist. He is the CEO and Professor of Chemistry at The Scripps Research Institute, the founder and former director of GNF, and the founding director of the California Institute for Biomedical Research (Calibr), established in 2012. In August 2014, Nature Biotechnology ranked Schultz the #1 top translational researcher in 2013.
Malate dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.37) (MDH) is an enzyme that reversibly catalyzes the oxidation of malate to oxaloacetate using the reduction of NAD+ to NADH. This reaction is part of many metabolic pathways, including the citric acid cycle. Other malate dehydrogenases, which have other EC numbers and catalyze other reactions oxidizing malate, have qualified names like malate dehydrogenase (NADP+).
Vernon Martin Ingram, was a German–American professor of biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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D-amino-acid dehydrogenase is a bacterial enzyme that catalyses the oxidation of D-amino acids into their corresponding oxoacids. It contains both flavin and nonheme iron as cofactors. The enzyme has a very broad specificity and can act on most D-amino acids.
Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK) is an enzyme encoded by the BCKDK gene on chromosome 16. This enzyme is part of the mitochondrial protein kinases family and it is a regulator of the valine, leucine, and isoleucine catabolic pathways. BCKDK is found in the mitochondrial matrix and the prevalence of it depends on the type of cell. Liver cells tend to have the lowest concentration of BCKDK, whereas skeletal muscle cells have the highest amount. Abnormal activity of this enzyme often leads to diseases such as maple syrup urine disease and cachexia.
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D-amino acid dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.4.5.1, DadA) is an enzyme with systematic name D-amino acid:quinone oxidoreductase (deaminating). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction
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