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The Ulidiidae or picture-winged flies are a large and diverse cosmopolitan family of flies (Diptera), and as in related families, most species are herbivorous or detritivorous. They are often known as picture-winged flies, along with members of other families in the superfamily Tephritoidea that have patterns of bands or spots on the wings. Some species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated posteroapical projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Two species, Tetanops myopaeformis and Euxesta stigmatias, are agricultural pests.
Psychodidae, called drain flies, sink flies, filter flies, sewer flies, or sewer gnats, is a family of true flies. Some genera have short, hairy bodies and wings giving them a "furry" moth-like appearance, hence one of their common names, moth flies. Members of the sub-family Phlebotominae which are hematophagous may be called sand flies in some countries, although this term is also used for other unrelated flies.
The minute black scavenger flies or "dung midges", are a family, Scatopsidae, of nematoceran flies. Despite being distributed throughout the world, they form a small family with only around 250 described species in 27 genera, although many await description and doubtless even more await discovery. These are generally small, sometimes minute, dark flies, generally similar to black flies (Simuliidae), but usually lacking the humped thorax characteristic of that family.
Simulium is a genus of black flies, which may transmit diseases such as onchocerciasis. It is a large genus with several hundred species, and 41 subgenera.
Sarcophaga is a genus of true flies and the type genus of the flesh-fly family (Sarcophagidae). The members of this cosmopolitan genus are frequently known as common flesh flies.
The Pyrgotidae are an unusual family of flies (Diptera), one of only two families of Cyclorrhapha that lack ocelli. Most species are "picture-winged", as is typical among the Tephritoidea, but unlike other tephritoids, they are endoparasitoids; the females pursue scarab beetles in flight, laying an egg on the beetle's back under the elytra where the beetle cannot reach it. The egg hatches and the fly larva enters the body cavity of the beetle, feeding and eventually killing the host before pupating. In the United States, some species of Pyrgota and Sphecomyiella can be quite common in areas where their host beetles are abundant. Like their host beetles, these flies are primarily nocturnal, and are often attracted to artificial lights.
The Simuliini is a tribe of black flies that contains over 2,000 species, with more than 1,800 in the genus Simulium. There are 19 living genera, and three genera only known from Cretaceous fossils.
Prosimuliini is a tribe of black flies. It contains over 140 living species, with more than a half of them in the genus Prosimulium. There are 6 living genera, and 2 genera that are only known from Cretaceous fossils.
Acatochaeta africana is a species of fly in the family Ulidiidae, and the only species in the genus Acatochaeta.
Platycheirus is a large genus of hoverflies. They are also called sedgesitters.
Prionota is a genus of true crane fly.
Pselliophora is a genus of true crane fly.
Beridinae is a subfamily of soldier flies in the family Stratiomyidae. There are at least 30 genera and 200 described species in Beridinae.
The Ulidiinae are a subfamily of flies in the family Ulidiidae. Like the Otitinae, most species are herbivorous or saprophagous. Most species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Most are dull gray to shiny brown or black flies with vein R1 setulose or, in a few cases, bare.
Solva is a fly genus in the family Xylomyidae, the "wood soldier flies".
Tabaninae is a subfamily of horse flies in the family Tabanidae. There are more than 3000 described species in Tabaninae.
Tabanini is a tribe of horse and deer flies in the family Tabanidae. There are at least 220 described species in Tabanini.
Allognosta is a genus of soldier flies in the family Stratiomyidae. There are at least 30 described species in Allognosta.
Chiromyzinae is a subfamily of soldier flies in the family Stratiomyidae. There are about 14 genera and at least 50 described species in Chiromyzinae.
Gripopterygidae is a family of stoneflies in the order Plecoptera. There are more than 50 genera and 320 described species in Gripopterygidae.
References
- ↑ "Perissoza Enderlein, 1921". www.gbif.org. Retrieved 2022-07-25.