Philip Bovier Hawk | |
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| Born | July 18, 1874 |
| Died | September 13, 1966 |
| Occupation(s) | Biochemist, nutritionist |
Philip Bovier Hawk (July 18, 1874 - September 13, 1966) was an American biochemist, nutritionist, and amateur tennis player.
Philip Bovier Hawk | |
|---|---|
| | |
| Born | July 18, 1874 |
| Died | September 13, 1966 |
| Occupation(s) | Biochemist, nutritionist |
Philip Bovier Hawk (July 18, 1874 - September 13, 1966) was an American biochemist, nutritionist, and amateur tennis player.
Hawk was born in East Branch, New York. He studied at Wesleyan University, where he obtained his B.S. degree in 1898. [1] He worked as an assistant to Wilbur Olin Atwater in nutrition research at Wesleyan University (1898–1900). [1]
Hawk studied physiological chemistry at Sheffield Scientific School and obtained his M.S. in 1902 and Ph.D. from Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1903. [2] He taught at physiological chemistry the University of Illinois and toxicology at Philadelphia's Jefferson Medical College. [3] Hawk was assistant professor of physiological chemistry at University of Pennsylvania (1903-1907). [2]
He was the author of the influential book Practical Physiological Chemistry published in 1907 that went through many editions. [4] [5] It contained biochemical methods and preparations that were used as laboratory exercises by medical students for more than half a century. [2] Its thirteenth, "Golden Anniversary Edition" was published in 1954. [6]
An expert in nutrition, he founded the Food and Drug Research Laboratories in 1922. [3] His research was successful and the laboratory moved to New York City and was incorporated in 1926 as the Food Research Laboratories. [1] His book Streamline for Health is a debunking of fad diets of his day, such as the Hay diet. Hawk was a member of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, American Medical Association, American Chemical Society, the American Philosophical Society, [7] and the American Physiological Society. [1]
Hawk was an experienced tennis player. He was a singles semifinalist at the Cincinnati Open in 1908 and won singles titles at the state championships of Delaware (1905), and Connecticut (1907, 1908 and 1909). He was a veteran champion of the United States from 1921 to 1923. [1] He was president of the West Side Tennis Club. Hawk married his second wife Gladys Taylor Lynch in 1923. [1]
Justus Freiherr (Baron) von Liebig was a German scientist who made major contributions to the theory, practice, and pedagogy of chemistry, as well as to agricultural and biological chemistry; he is considered one of the principal founders of organic chemistry. As a professor at the University of Giessen, he devised the modern laboratory-oriented teaching method, and for such innovations, he is regarded as one of the greatest chemistry teachers of all time. He has been described as the "father of the fertilizer industry" for his emphasis on nitrogen and minerals as essential plant nutrients, and his popularization of the law of the minimum, which states that plant growth is limited by the scarcest nutrient resource, rather than the total amount of resources available. He also developed a manufacturing process for beef extracts, and with his consent a company, called Liebig Extract of Meat Company, was founded to exploit the concept; it later introduced the Oxo brand beef bouillon cube. He popularized an earlier invention for condensing vapors, which came to be known as the Liebig condenser.
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Nutritional science is the science that studies the physiological process of nutrition, interpreting the nutrients and other substances in food in relation to maintenance, growth, reproduction, health and disease of an organism.
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