Piadina romagnola

Last updated

Piadina
Piadina romagnola 2.jpg
Alternative namesPiada
Type Flatbread
Place of origin Italy
Region or state Romagna
Main ingredientsFlour, lard or olive oil, salt, water

Piadina romagnola (Italian: [pjaˈdiːna] ) or simply piadina, traditionally piada (Italian: [ˈpjaːda] ), is a thin Italian flatbread, typically prepared in the Romagna historical region (Forlì, Cesena, Ravenna, and Rimini). It is usually made with white flour, lard or olive oil, salt, and water. The dough was traditionally cooked on a terracotta dish (called teggia or testo in Romagnol), although nowadays flat pans or electric griddles are commonly used.

Contents

The piadina has been added to the list of the prodotti agroalimentari tradizionali (PAT) of the Emilia-Romagna region, and to the Protected Geographical Indication of the European Union in 2014 [1]

Origin

Since Ancient Rome flatbreads like this were used, the first mention of the piadina was in 1317, [2] in the Descriptio provinciæ Romandiolæ, when papal legate Angel de Grimoard describes its recipe: "It's made with grain wheat mixed with water and seasoned with salt. It can also be made with milk and seasoned with a bit of lard".

Ancient versions of the piadina were made with poorer kinds of wheat, such as ones made with chestnut or acorns, especially in mountainous areas

Etymology

The etymology of the word piadina is uncertain; many think the term piada (piê, pièda, pìda) was borrowed from the Greek word for 'focaccia'. Others think the term was borrowed from other languages because of the large use of similar foods throughout the Eastern Roman Empire. The term piada was officialized by Giovanni Pascoli, who adapted the Romagnol word piè into its more Italian form. [3] Romagna was heavily influenced by Byzantium during the early Middle Ages, when the Eastern Empire reconquered parts of the Western domain which had fallen to the invading barbarians. In those days Ravenna was the capital city of the Exarchate, and that would explain how the Greco-Byzantine recipe entered the local gastronomy.

Modern era

Kiosk (in Cesena) Casa-Piadina.JPG
Kiosk (in Cesena)

Piadine are usually sold immediately after preparation in specialised kiosks (called piadinerie), filled with a variety of cheeses, cold cuts and vegetables, but also with sweet fillings, including jam or Nutella. There may be small differences depending on the zone of production. Piadine produced around Ravenna and Forlì are generally thicker, while those produced around Rimini and the Marche region are thinner and the diameter is greater.

Piadina has even found its way to space, eaten by a Russian astronaut as part of a Mediterranean diet experiment on the International Space Station. [4]

La j'è bona in tot i mud,
la j'è bona énca scundida
sa' n'avì ancora capì,
a scor propri dla pida.
Delicious with filling
or even served plain,
if you haven't already guessed,
I am talking about the piadina.

According to Giovanni Pascoli,

Nothing speaks more of Romagna than this bread of ours... it is a symbol that speaks of devotion to our land.

Romagna Piadina: from tradition to flavour [3]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">All Souls' Day</span> Day for commemoration of all the faithful departed

All Souls' Day, also called The Commemoration of All the Faithful Departed, is a day of prayer and remembrance for the faithful departed, observed by Christians on 2 November. In Western Christianity, including Roman Catholicism and certain parts of Lutheranism and Anglicanism, All Souls' Day is the third day of Allhallowtide, after All Saints' Day and All Hallows' Eve. Before the standardization of Western Christian observance on 2 November by St. Odilo of Cluny in the 10th century, many Roman Catholic congregations celebrated All Souls' Day on various dates during the Easter season as it is still observed in the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Eastern Catholic churches and the Eastern Lutheran churches. Churches of the East Syriac Rite commemorate all the faithful departed on the Friday before Lent. As with other days of the Allhallowtide season, popular practices for All Souls Day include attending Mass offered for the souls of the faithful departed, as well as Christian families visiting graveyards in order to pray and decorate their family graves with garlands, flowers, candles and incense. Given that many Christian cemeteries are interdenominational in nature, All Souls Day observances often have an ecumenical dimension, with believers from various Christian denominations praying together and cooperating to adorn graves.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rimini</span> City in Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Rimini is a city in the Emilia-Romagna region of Northern Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romagna</span> Italian historical region

Romagna is an Italian historical region that approximately corresponds to the south-eastern portion of present-day Emilia-Romagna in northern Italy.

The redcap is a type of malevolent, murderous goblin found in folklore of the Anglo-Scottish border region. The redcap is said to inhabit ruined castles along the Anglo-Scottish border, especially those that were the scenes of tyranny or wicked deeds, and is known for soaking his cap in the blood of his victims. He is also known as Redcomb and Bloody Cap.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Focaccia</span> Oven-baked Italian flatbread, sometimes filled in with other ingredients

Focaccia is a flat leavened oven-baked Italian bread. In Rome, it is similar to a type of flatbread called pizza bianca. Focaccia may be served as a side dish or as sandwich bread and it may be round, rectangular or square shape.

The history of pizza began in antiquity, as various ancient cultures produced flatbreads with several toppings. Pizza today is an Italian dish with a flat dough-based base and toppings, with significant Italian roots in History.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santarcangelo di Romagna</span> Comune in Emilia-Romagna, Italy

Santarcangelo di Romagna is a comune in the province of Rimini, in the Italian region of Emilia-Romagna, on the Via Emilia. As of 2009, it had a population of some 21,300. It is crossed by two rivers, the Uso and the Marecchia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gabicce Mare</span> Comune in Marche, Italy

Gabicce Mare, also named Gabicce, is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Pesaro and Urbino, in Italy, region Marche. It is located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Ancona, 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of Pesaro, and is close to the borders with the province of Rimini, in Emilia-Romagna.

Raffaello "Lello" Baldini, was an Italian poet in the Romagnol language.

Piada, also known as piadina romagnola, is a flatbread from the historical region of Romagna, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Romagnol</span> Romance language spoken in Romagna (Italy) and San Marino

Romagnol is a Romance language spoken in the historical region of Romagna, consisting mainly of the southeastern part of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. The name is derived from the Lombard name for the region, Romagna. Romagnol is classified as endangered because older generations have "neglected to pass on the dialect as a native tongue to the next generation".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaudentius of Rimini</span> Patron saint of Rimini, Italy

Gaudentius of Rimini was a bishop of Rimini, who is venerated as a martyred saint in the Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church.

The Romagnola is a traditional Italian breed of dual-purpose chicken from the Emilia-Romagna region. It was formerly widespread in central Italy, but in the late twentieth century came close to extinction. In early 2012 the population was recovering and the breed was awaiting official recognition by the Federazione Italiana Associazioni Avicole, the federation of Italian poultry associations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michele Marziani</span>

Michele Marziani is an Italian novelist and journalist.

<i>Crescentina modenese</i> Type of Italian bread

Crescentine, crescente or tigelle are thin, 10 cm round breads from the Apennine Mountains, in the Modena area of Emilia-Romagna, Italy. They are made with flour, water, salt, and yeast, and traditionally eaten filled with cunza, a spread made from pork lard and flavoured with garlic and rosemary or with cold cuts, boar, rabbit, cheese, salty dressings or sweet spreads. In the Apennines, crescente have long been eaten at home or enjoyed in traditional restaurants, but in the last decade some fast food and casual restaurants have added crescente to their menus. Similar breads such as piadina, borlengo, gnocco fritto, and panigaccio are made in neighbouring areas.

<i>Crescia</i> Italian flatbread

Crescia is a thin Italian flatbread typically prepared in Marche and Umbria. The crescia probably has a common ancestry to the piadina, to be found in the bread used by the Byzantine army, stationed for centuries in Romagna, in the north of the Marche (Pentapolis), and in the Umbrian Valley crossed by the Via Flaminia. The food is also known by the common name of "white pizza".

Patacucci, also known as zavardoni or giugetti, are a traditional type of fresh pasta from the provinces of Rimini, Forlì-Cesena, and Ravenna, consisting of squares or diamonds of rather irregular shape, obtained from a thick dough, prepared with water, wheat flour, corn flour, and salt.

<i>Piada dei morti</i> Sweet bread from Rimini, Italy

Piada dei morti is a sweet focaccia topped with raisins, almonds, walnuts, and pine nuts. It is local to Rimini, in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy, and traditionally eaten in November for All Souls' Day.

The mazapégul, also known by several other names in Romagnol, are mischievous nocturnal elves in the folklore of Romagna, especially around the Apennines of Forlì, in northern Italy.

<i>Caveja</i> Agricultural equipment and symbol of Romagna, Italy

A caveja is a wrought iron rod which was fixed at the helm of a plough or cart to prevent the dislodging of an ox's yoke in the event of a sudden stop. It is a symbol of the historical region of Romagna in northern Italy, where it was widely used. In the rest of Italy, the caveja is more commonly known as a cavicchio or chiodella.

References

  1. Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 1174/2014 of 24 October 2014 entering a name in the register of protected designations of origin and protected geographical indications (Piadina Romagnola/Piada Romagnola (PGI))
  2. "The story of the piadina romagnola". , on consorziopiadinaromagnola.it.
  3. 1 2 "Romagna Piadina: from tradition to flavour". Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2024.
  4. "Buon appetito: Russian cosmonauts on a Mediterranean diet". European Space Agency. 26 April 2004. Retrieved 4 June 2024.
  5. Lazzari, Martina (29 October 2023). "Piada dei morti, preparazione e curiosità sulla dolce "piadina" romagnola" [Piada dei morti: Preparation and curiosity about the sweet Romagnol "piadina"]. RiminiToday (in Italian). Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  6. Santini, Enrico (29 October 2023). "La Piada dei Morti di Rimini, qual è la migliore?" [Rimini's piada dei morti: Which is the best?]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). Retrieved 17 February 2024.
  7. Succi, Margherita. "Tra mosto e frutta secca, a novembre arriva la piada dei morti" [Between must and dried fruit, the piada dei morti arrives in November]. Hotel Corallo Rimini (in Italian). Retrieved 17 February 2024.