Pluralibacter pyrinus

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Pluralibacter pyrinus
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Pseudomonadota
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Pluralibacter
Species:
P. pyrinus
Binomial name
Pluralibacter pyrinus
(Chung et al. 1993) [1] Brady et al. 2013 [2]
Synonyms

Enterobacter pyrinus
Erwinia pirina

Pluralibacter pyrinus (formerly Enterobacter pyrinus) is a Gram-negative, motile, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. [3] P. pyrinus is the causitive agent of brown leaf spot disease of pear trees. [1]

Background

The cause of brown leaf spot disease affecting pear trees in South Korea was first identified as a novel bacterial infection in 1990. The proposed name for the species was Erwinia pirina, but this name was not validly published. [4] [1] In 1993, further research grouped the organism in the genus Enterobacter as E. pyrinus. [1] Later studies of the genus Enterobacter lead to the species being reclassified into the novel genus Pluralibacter in 2013. [2] The species name is derived from the Greek word pŷr, which means pear. [1]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Enterobacterales</span> Order of gram-negative bacteria

Enterobacterales is an order of Gram-negative, non-spore forming, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria with the class Gammaproteobacteria. The type genus of this order is Enterobacter.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Halomonadaceae</span> Family of bacteria

Halomonadaceae is a family of halophilic Pseudomonadota.

<i>Pantoea</i> Genus of bacteria

Pantoea is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, recently separated from the genus Enterobacter. This genus includes at least 20 species. Pantoea bacteria are yellow pigmented, ferment lactose, are motile, and form mucoid colonies. Some species show quorum sensing ability that could drive different gene expression, hence controlling certain physiological activities. Levan polysaccharide produced by Pantoea agglomerans ZMR7 was reported to decrease the viability of rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and breast cancer (MDA) cells compared with untreated cancer cells. In addition, it has high antiparasitic activity against the promastigote of Leishmania tropica.

<i>Cronobacter sakazakii</i> Species of bacterium

Cronobacter sakazakii, which before 2007 was named Enterobacter sakazakii, is an opportunistic Gram-negative, rod-shaped, pathogenic bacterium that can live in very dry places, otherwise known as xerotolerance. C. sakazakii utilizes a number of genes to survive desiccation and this xerotolerance may be strain specific. The majority of C. sakazakii cases are adults but low-birth-weight preterm neonatal and older infants are at the highest risk. The pathogen is a rare cause of invasive infection in infants, with historically high case fatality rates (40–80%).

Pluralibacter gergoviae is a Gram-negative, motile, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. P. gergoviae is of special interest to the cosmetics industry, as it displays resistance to parabens, a common antimicrobial agent added to cosmetic products.

<i>Cronobacter</i> Genus of bacteria

Cronobacter is a genus of Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Several Cronobacter species are desiccation resistant and persistent in dry products such as powdered infant formula. They are generally motile, reduce nitrate, use citrate, hydrolyze esculin and arginine, and are positive for L-ornithine decarboxylation. Acid is produced from D-glucose, D-sucrose, D-raffinose, D-melibiose, D-cellobiose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-trehalose, galacturonate and D-maltose. Cronobacter spp. are also generally positive for acetoin production and negative for the methyl red test, indicating 2,3-butanediol rather than mixed acid fermentation. The type species of the genus Cronobacter is Cronobacter sakazakii comb. nov.

Kutzneria is a genus of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota. This genus was named after Hans-Jürgen Kutzner, a German microbiologist.

Enterocloster clostridioformis, formerly known as Clostridium clostridioforme, is an anaerobic, motile, Gram-positive bacterium.

Thermoanaerobacter is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria). Members of this genus are thermophilic and anaerobic, several of them were previously described as Clostridium species and members of the now obsolete genera Acetogenium and Thermobacteroides

Thermoanaerobacter brockii, formerly Thermoanaerobium brockii, is a thermophilic, anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium.

Cronobacter turicensis is a bacterium. It is usually food-borne and pathogenic. It is named after Turicum, the Latin name of Zurich, as the type strain originates from there. Its type strain is strain 3032. This strain was first isolated from a fatal case of neonatal meningitis. C. Turicensis strains are indole negative but malonate, dulcitol and methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside positive.

Cronobacter muytjensii is a bacterium. It is named after Harry Muytjens. Its type strain is ATCC 51329T. It is indole, dulcitol, and malonate positive but palatinose and methyl-α-D-glucopyranoside negative.

Cronobacter malonaticus, formerly considered a subspecies of Cronobacter sakazakii, is a bacterium. Its type strain is CDC 1058-77T.

Legionella shakespearei is a Gram-negative, weakly oxidase-positive, catalase-positive bacterium with a single polar flagellum from the genus Legionella which was isolated from a cooling tower in Stratford-upon-Avon in England. L. shakespearei is named after William Shakespeare because it was isolated in Stratford-upon-Avon.

Enterobacter cowanii is a Gram-negative, motile, facultatively-anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus Enterobacter. The species is typically associated with natural environments and is found in soil, water, and sewage. E. cowanii is associated with plant pathogens that exhibit symptoms of severe defoliation and plant death. This species, originally referred to as NIH Group 42, was first proposed in 2000 as a potential member of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The name of this species honors S. T. Cowan, an English bacteriologist, for his significant contributions to the field of bacterial taxonomy.

Robert S. Dickey was an American phytopathologist, professor emeritus of Plant Pathology at the Cornell University and the namesake of the bacterial genus Dickeya.

Albibacter helveticus is a Gram-negative, aerobic, facultatively methanotrophic, non-spore-forming, neutrophilic and mesophilic bacterium species from the genus Albibacter which has been isolated from soil from Switzerland.

Roseomonas is a genus of Gram negative bacteria. The cells are coccoid rods when viewed microscopically. Certain species are known to be opportunistic infections for humans.

<i>Phytobacter</i> Genus of bacteria

Phytobacter is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria emerging from the grouping of isolates previously assigned to various genera of the family Enterobacteriaceae. This genus was first established on the basis of nitrogen fixing isolates from wild rice in China, but also includes a number of isolates obtained during a 2013 multi-state sepsis outbreak in Brazil and, retrospectively, several clinical strains isolated in the 1970s in the United States that are still available in culture collections, which originally were grouped into Brenner's Biotype XII of the Erwinia herbicola-Enterobacter agglomerans-Complex (EEC). Standard biochemical evaluation panels are lacking Phytobacter spp. from their database, thus often leading to misidentifications with other Enterobacterales species, especially Pantoea agglomerans. Clinical isolates of the species have been identified as an important source of extended-spectrum β-lactamase and carbapenem-resistance genes, which are usually mediated by genetic mobile elements. Strong protection of co-infecting sensitive bacteria has also been reported. Bacteria belonging to this genus are not pigmented, chemoorganotrophic and able to fix nitrogen. They are lactose fermenting, cytochrome-oxidase negative and catalase positive. Glucose is fermented with the production of gas. Colonies growing on MacConkey agar (MAC) are circular, convex and smooth with non-entire margins and a usually elevated center. Three species are currently validly included in the genus Phytobacter, which is still included within the Kosakonia clade in the lately reviewed family of Enterobacteriaceae. The incorporation of a fourth species, Phytobacter massiliensis, has recently been proposed via the unification of the genera Metakosakonia and Phytobacter.

Pluralibacter is a genus of Gram negative bacteria from the family of Enterobacteriaceae. The genus consists of two species, P. gergoviae and P. pyrinus. Both species were originally classified in the genus Enterobacter but were reclassified into the novel genus Pluralibacter in 2013.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 Chung, Young Ryun; Brenner, Don J.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Kim, Byung Sup; Kim, Heung Tae; Cho, Kwang Yun (1 January 1993). "Enterobacter pyrinus sp. nov., an Organism Associated with Brown Leaf Spot Disease of Pear Trees". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 43 (1): 157–161. doi: 10.1099/00207713-43-1-157 .
  2. 1 2 Brady, C.; Cleenwerck, I.; Venter, S.; Coutinho, T.; De Vos, P. (1 July 2013). "Taxonomic evaluation of the genus Enterobacter based on multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA): Proposal to reclassify E. nimipressuralis and E. amnigenus into Lelliottia gen. nov. as Lelliottia nimipressuralis comb. nov. and Lelliottia amnigena comb. nov., respectively, E. gergoviae and E. pyrinus into Pluralibacter gen. nov. as Pluralibacter gergoviae comb. nov. and Pluralibacter pyrinus comb. nov., respectively, E. cowanii, E. radicincitans, E. oryzae and E. arachidis into Kosakonia gen. nov. as Kosakonia cowanii comb. nov., Kosakonia radicincitans comb. nov., Kosakonia oryzae comb. nov. and Kosakonia arachidis comb. nov., respectively, and E. turicensis, E. helveticus and E. pulveris into Cronobacter as Cronobacter zurichensis nom. nov., Cronobacter helveticus comb. nov. and Cronobacter pulveris comb. nov., respectively, and emended description of the genera Enterobacter and Cronobacter". Systematic and Applied Microbiology. 36 (5): 309–319. Bibcode:2013SyApM..36..309B. doi:10.1016/j.syapm.2013.03.005. PMID   23632228.
  3. Brenner, D. J.; Richard, C.; Steigerwalt, A. G.; Asbury, M. A.; Mandel, M. (1 January 1980). "Enterobacter gergoviae sp. nov.: a New Species of Enterobacteriaceae Found in Clinical Specimens and the Environment". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 30 (1): 1–6. doi: 10.1099/00207713-30-1-1 .
  4. Chung, Y. R.; Kim, B.S.; Kim, H.T.; Cho, K.Y. (1990). "Erwinia pirina sp. nov., a causal organism of brown leaf spot of pear". Korean Journal of Plant Pathology. 6 (3): 1.