Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus

Last updated
Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus
Polska Partia Socjalistyczna Litwy i Białorusi
Leader Aleksander Zasztowt
Headquarters Vilnius
Ideology Left-wing nationalism
Revolutionary socialism
Political position Left-wing

Polish Socialist Party of Lithuania and Belarus [lower-alpha 1] was a left-wing political party, that was an autonomous branch of Polish Socialist Party, and which operated in Lithuania and Belarus in the late 1910s and early 1920s. Its political programme was identical with the one of Polish Socialist Party, and was based around left-wing nationalism and revolutionary socialism. [1]

Contents

History

In the late 1910s, it operated in the area of Lithuania and Belarus, as an autonomous branch of Polish Socialist Party, which operated in Poland. Its political programme was identical with the one of Polish Socialist Party, and was based around left-wing nationalism and revolutionary socialism. [1] In 1918, Aleksander Zasztowt became its leader and remained as such until 1923. [2] Since 1920, it was active in the Republic of Central Lithuania, and following the 1922 general elections, it held 3 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. It as present in the Sejm until March 1922, when it was disbanded, and Central Lithuania incorporated into Poland shortly after that. [3]

Citations

Notes

  1. Polish: Polska Partia Socjalistyczna Litwy i Białorusi, abbriv.: PPSLiB

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Józef Piłsudski</span> Polish politician, First Marshall, and Prime Minister (1867–1935)

Józef Klemens Piłsudski was a Polish statesman who served as the Chief of State (1918–1922) and First Marshal of Poland. In the aftermath of World War I, he became an increasingly dominant figure in Polish politics and exerted significant influence on shaping the country's foreign policy. Piłsudski is viewed as a father of the Second Polish Republic, which was re-established in 1918, 123 years after the final Partition of Poland in 1795, and was considered de facto leader (1926–35) of the Second Polish Republic as the Minister of Military Affairs.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic</span> Republic of the Soviet Union

The Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, also commonly referred to in English as Byelorussia, was a republic of the Soviet Union (USSR). It existed between 1920 and 1991 as one of fifteen constituent republics of the USSR, with its own legislation from 1990 to 1991. The republic was ruled by the Communist Party of Byelorussia and was also referred to as Soviet Byelorussia or Soviet Belarus by a number of historians. Other names for Byelorussia included White Russian Soviet Socialist Republic and Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939)</span> Former voivodeship of Poland

The Wilno Voivodeship was one of 16 Voivodeships in the Second Polish Republic, with the capital in Wilno. The jurisdiction was created in 1926 and populated predominantly by Poles, with notable minorities of Belarusians, Jews and Lithuanians. Before 1926, the voivodeship's area was known as the Wilno Land; it had the same boundaries and was also within the contemporary borders of Poland at the time.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polish Socialist Party</span> Political party in Poland

The Polish Socialist Party is a socialist political party in Poland.

The Folkspartei was founded after the 1905 pogroms in the Russian Empire by Simon Dubnow and Israel Efrojkin. The party took part in several elections in Poland and Lithuania in the 1920s and 1930s and did not survive the Holocaust.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">1922 Republic of Central Lithuania general election</span>

The general election in the Republic of Central Lithuania was an election to the Vilnius Sejm (parliament) of the Polish-dominated Republic of Central Lithuania on 8 January 1922. The new parliament was intended to formally legalize incorporation of Central Lithuania into Poland. Such measure was fiercely opposed by Lithuania, which claimed the territory for itself. The election was boycotted by non-Polish population and its results were unrecognized by either the Lithuanian government in Kaunas or the League of Nations. The elected parliament convened in February and, as expected, voted on 20 February 1922 to have the Republic incorporated into Poland. At the end of March 1922, Central Lithuania became Wilno Land of the Second Polish Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Żeligowski's Mutiny</span>

Żeligowski's Mutiny was a Polish false flag operation led by General Lucjan Żeligowski in October 1920, which resulted in the creation of the Republic of Central Lithuania. Polish Chief of State Józef Piłsudski surreptitiously ordered Żeligowski to carry out the operation, and revealed the truth only several years afterwards. The area was formally annexed by Poland in 1922 and recognized by the Conference of Ambassadors as Polish territory in 1923. The decision was not recognized by Lithuania, which continued to claim Vilnius and the Vilnius Region, and by the Soviet Union.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Kazimierz Cichowski</span>

Kazimierz Cichowski was a Polish-Soviet communist activist and politician, Bolshevik revolutionary and nobleman. Along with Vincas Mickevičius-Kapsukas, he played an important role in establishing the Soviet regime in Lithuania and the Lithuanian–Belorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland</span> Political party in Poland

The General Jewish Labour Bund in Poland was a Jewish socialist party in Poland which promoted the political, cultural and social autonomy of Jewish workers, sought to combat antisemitism and was generally opposed to Zionism.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">General Jewish Labour Bund</span> 1897–1921 Jewish socialist party in Russia

The General Jewish Labour Bund in Lithuania, Poland and Russia, generally called The Bund or the Jewish Labour Bund, was a secular Jewish socialist party initially formed in the Russian Empire and active between 1897 and 1920. In 1917 the Polish part of the Bund, which dated to the times when Poland was a Russian territory, seceded from the Russian Bund and created a new Polish General Jewish Labour Bund which continued to operate in Poland in the years between the two world wars. The majority faction of the Russian Bund was dissolved in 1921 and incorporated into the Communist Party. Other remnants of the Bund endured in various countries. A member of the Bund was called a Bundist.

The Association of National Parties and Organizations was a right-wing electoral alliance of the political parties in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it hold 43 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania, the most of all parties. It consisted of the Popular National Union, National People's Union, Christian National Labour Party, and Polish Nonpartisan Organization. It supported the incorporation of the Central Lithuania into Poland, and the transfer of the executive powers to the Legislative Sejm of Poland. Its leader was Witold Bańkowski.

Polish Nonpartisan Organization was a political movement of nonpartisan politicians, that operated in the Republic of Central Lithuania. It was part of the Association of National Parties and Organizations, which, following the 1922 general elections, holt 43 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. It was represented by Wiktor Czarnowski.

The Popular Councils was a centre-left political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it held 34 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania, being the second most popular party. After the Peasant Group of Popular Councils broke away from the party, its number of seats dropped to 27. Its ideology was moderate radicalism, and it supported the incorporation of Central Lithuania into Poland. Its leader was Józef Małowieski.

The Polish People's Party of Wilno Land was a left-wing political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it held 13 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. Its ideology consisted of the agrarianism and agrarian socialism, and it supported the authonomy of Central Lithuania from Poland. Its leader was Bronisław Krzyżanowski.

The Democratic Party was a political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it held 4 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. It supported independence of the Sejm from outside influence, and demanded that it should held control over the state administration until the possible future unification with Poland. It believed that the idea of the federation with Poland, proposed by Józef Piłsudski, was impossible to organize at that time, and would have to be postponed for the future. Its leader was Witold Abramowicz.

The Popular Association "Odrodzenie-Wyzwolenie" was a centre-left political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it held 5 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. Its political programme was identical to the one of Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" that operated in Poland, and was based on agrarianism and agrarian socialism. It supported the authonomy of Central Lithuania from Poland, however it did not oppose the possible future federation with it, as proposed by Józef Piłsudski. Its leader was Ludwik Chomiński.

The Popular Association "Odrodzenie" was a centre-left political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. Following the 1922 general elections, it held 3 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. Its political programme was based on agrarianism and agrarian socialism, and was similar to the one of Polish People's Party "Wyzwolenie" that operated in Poland. It supported the federation of Central Lithuania with Lithuania. Its leader was Stefan Mickiewicz.

The Peasant Group of Popular Councils was a left-wing political party in the Republic of Central Lithuania. It was formed in 1922, by breaking off from the Popular Councils during the govermend cadency, and held 7 seats in the Sejm of Central Lithuania. It supported the agrarianism and agrarian socialism. Its leader was Adam Uziembło.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sejm of Central Lithuania</span> Short-lived legislature

Sejm of Central Lithuania, also known as the Vilnius Sejm, or Wilno Sejm or the Adjudicating Sejm, was the parliament of the short-lived state of Central Lithuania. Formed after the elections of 8 January 1922, it held its proceedings from 1 February to 1 March of that year. It had 106 deputies. Dominated by Polish representatives, it requested Central Lithuania's annexation by Poland and dissolved shortly afterward.

References

  1. 1 2 Sejm Wileński 1922 : przebieg posiedzeń według sprawozdań stenograficznych w opracowaniu kancelarji sejmowej , Vilanous, 1922.
  2. H. Dubowik (edditor), J. Malinowski (edditor), J. Andruszkiewicz (development): Wileński słownik biograficzny, Bydgoszcz: Towarzystwo Miłośników Wilna i Ziemi Wileńskiej, 2002, ISBN 83-87865-28-1, OCLC 830347331.
  3. Wincenty Witos; Eugeniusz Karczewski: Dzieła wybrane: Moja tułaczka w Czechosłowacji / do druku ... (1995). (in Polish). 3. Warsaw: Ludowa Spółdzielnia Wyd. p. 542. ISBN 83-205-3497-6.