Pontifical Roman Athenaeum Saint Apollinare

Last updated
S Apollinare Ponte - piazza s Apollinare e ex collegio germanico 1060303.JPG
S Apollinare

Pontifical Roman Athenaeum S. Apollinare is a former pontifical university in Rome, named after St. Apollinaris of Ravenna. Its facilities are now occupied by the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross.

Contents

Initially, the Palace of St. Apollinare was used as a residence for various cardinals, until 1574, when Pope Gregory XIII gave the building to the Jesuits for the German College.

History

Previously the premises was the site of the Palace of St. Apollinare in the northern area of the Piazza Navona. Around 1417, Martin V gave Cardinal Branda da Castiglione the use of the Palazzo di Sant'Apollinare in the Piazza Navona. [1] In 1455, Cardinal Guillaume d'Estouteville took up residence there, [2] and built the Church of S. Agostino just to the east.

Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum

Collegio Germanico, 1755 Collegio Germanico - Plate 164 - Giuseppe Vasi.jpg
Collegio Germanico, 1755

In January 1574, Pope Gregory XIII granted the property to the Jesuits as the seat of the Collegium Germanicum. Founded by Ignatius Loyola, it is, after the Capranica, the oldest college in Rome. The students studied at the Collegio Romano, founded by Ignatius in 1551. In 1575, Gregory gave the college charge of the services in the adjoining church of Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine. The Collegium Germanicus became well known for its music and drew large crowds to the church. In 1580, it merged with the Collegium Hungaricum, founded in 1578, to become the Pontificium Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum de Urbe.

By the late 17th century, the church was in a poor state of repair. Its rebuilding was considered over a long period but wasn't carried out, probably due to the lack of funds. Despite this, in 1702 a chapel was redecorated and dedicated to St Francis Xavier, and a statue of the saint was commissioned from French sculptor Pierre Le Gros. In 1742, Pope Benedict XIV commissioned Ferdinando Fuga to rebuild the church. (The statue of Francis Xavier was preserved and remains in situ). [3] On the completion of the church, a new Palace of S. Apollinare was erected. With the suppression of the Jesuits in 1773, direction of the college was taken over by secular clergy. The college was closed in 1798, when the French army occupied the city but was reopened in 1818 and eventually relocated to the Via S. Nicola da Tolentino.

Seminario Romano

In 1824, when Pope Leo XII transferred the Seminario Romano to the Palazzo di Sant'Apollinare, formerly occupied by the Collegio Germanico. The students were intended to serve as diocesan priests in Rome. The Pontificio Seminario Pio was founded in 1853 by Pope Pius IX for the dioceses of the Papal States and was intended for seminarians from all regions of Italy. Pius added two floors to the seminary building in order to locate the Seminario Pio in the Palazzo di S. Apollinare. In 1913 it was merged with the major division of the "Roman Seminary" to form the Pontificio Seminario Romano Maggior, and relocated to the Lateran. From that date until 1920, the Vincentian Fathers occupied settled in the Palace, their own building having been seized by the government to build the Palazzo Montecitorio for the Italian Chamber of Deputies.

Pontifical Institute of St. Apollinare

Pope Benedict XV made the Palace the seat of the Pontifical Institute of St. Apollinare. Eugenio Pacelli (the future Pius XII) and Angelo Roncalli (future John XXIII) studied there.

In 1910, Pius X founded the "Higher School of Sacred Music". [4] Four years later, it was raised to a Pontifical Institution with the power to confer academic degrees. [5] In 1983 the Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music re-located to the Abbey of San Girolamo in Urbe, where teaching and daily liturgy are carried out, whereas the legal and historical headquarters continued to be in Sant’Apollinare. [5]

Since 1990, the Palace has been the seat of the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross.

Notable people who have attended S Apollinare

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Gregorian University</span> Pontifical university located in Rome, Italy

The Pontifical Gregorian University, is a higher education ecclesiastical school located in Rome, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples</span> Dicastery of the Roman Curia

The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples was a congregation of the Roman Curia of the Catholic Church in Rome, responsible for missionary work and related activities. It is also known by its former title, the Sacred Congregation for the Propagation of the Faith, or simply the Propaganda Fide. On 5 June 2022, it was merged with the Pontifical Council for Promoting the New Evangelization into the Dicastery for Evangelization.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Properties of the Holy See</span> List of real estate regulated by Lateran Treaty

The properties of the Holy See are regulated by the 1929 Lateran Treaty signed with the Kingdom of Italy. Although part of Italian territory, some of them enjoy extraterritoriality similar to those of foreign embassies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Santo Stefano al Monte Celio</span> Church in Rome, Italy

The Basilica of St. Stephen in the Round on the Caelian Hill is an ancient basilica and titular church in Rome, Italy. Commonly named Santo Stefano Rotondo, the church is Hungary's "national church" in Rome, dedicated to both Saint Stephen, the first Christian martyr, and Stephen I, the canonized first king of Hungary. The minor basilica is also the rectory church of the Pontifical Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman College</span> Built as Jesuit (Roman Catholic) College in Rome, Italy

The Roman College was a school established by St. Ignatius of Loyola in 1551, just 11 years after he founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits). It quickly grew to include classes from elementary school through university level and moved to several successive locations to accommodate its burgeoning student population. With the patronage of Pope Gregory XIII, the final seat of the Roman College was built in 1584 near the center of Rome's most historic Pigna district, on what today is called Piazza del Collegio Romano, adding the church of St. Ignatius in 1626, and a renowned observatory in 1787. The college remained at this location for 286 years until the revolutionary Capture of Rome in 1870.

The Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum, or simply Collegium Germanicum, is a German-speaking seminary for Catholic priests in Rome, founded in 1552. Since 1580 its full name has been Pontificium Collegium Germanicum et Hungaricum de Urbe. It is located on the Via di San Nicola da Tolentino.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sant'Apollinare, Rome</span> Roman Catholic basilica in Italy

The Basilica di Sant'Apollinare alle Terme Neroniane-Alessandrine is a titular church in Rome, Italy, dedicated to St Apollinare, the first bishop of Ravenna.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontificio Collegio Filippino</span>

The Pontificio Collegio Filippino, officially named the Pontificio Collegio Seminario de Nuestra Señora de la Paz y Buen Viaje, is a college for diocesan priests from the Philippines studying at pontifical universities in Rome, Italy.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Lateran University</span> Pontifical university in Rome

The Pontifical Lateran University, also known as Lateranum, is a pontifical university based in Rome. The university also hosts the central session of the Pontifical John Paul II Institute for Studies on Marriage and Family. The university is known as "The Pope's University". Its Grand Chancellor is the Vicar General to the Holy Father for the Diocese of Rome. As of 2014 the Pontifical Lateran university had students from more than a hundred countries. It is also sometimes also known as the Pontifical University of Apollinaire.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gaetano Cicognani</span> Italian cardinal

Gaetano Cicognani was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church. He served as prefect of the Apostolic Signatura from 1954 until his death, and was elevated to the cardinalate in 1953 by Pope Pius XII. To date, he and his brother, Amleto Giovanni Cicognani, are the last pair of brothers to serve simultaneously in the College of Cardinals.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michele Lega</span> Italian Catholic cardinal (1860–1935)

Michele Lega S.T.D. J.U.D. was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Congregation for the Discipline of Sacraments.

The Pontifical Roman Major Seminary is the major seminary of the Diocese of Rome. It is located at the Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran. Since 2017, the rector of the seminary has been Gabriele Faraghini, a priest of the Little Brothers of Jesus Caritas.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Giovanni Simeoni</span> Italian prelate of the Catholic Church (1816–1892)

Giovanni Simeoni was an Italian prelate of the Catholic Church who was appointed a cardinal in 1875 and served as Prefect of the Sacred Congregation for Propagation of the Faith from 1878 until his death in 1892.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Roman Colleges</span>

The Roman Colleges, also referred to as the Pontifical Colleges in Rome, are institutions established and maintained in Rome for the education of future ecclesiastics of the Catholic Church. Traditionally many were for students of a particular nationality. The colleges are halls of residence in which the students follow the usual seminary exercises of piety, study in private, and review the subjects treated in class. In some colleges there are special courses of instruction but the regular courses in philosophy and theology are given in a few large central institutions, such as Pontifical Urbaniana University, the Pontifical Gregorian University, the Pontifical Lateran University, and the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Almo Collegio Capranica</span>

The Almo Collegio Capranica is the oldest Roman college, founded in 1457 by Cardinal Domenico Capranica (1400–1458) in his own palace for thirty young clerics, who received an education suitable to prepare them for the priesthood.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Collegio Teutonico</span>

The Collegio Teutonico, historically often referred to by its Latin name Collegium Germanicum, is one of the Pontifical Colleges of Rome. The German College is the Pontifical College established for future ecclesiastics of German nationality. It is divided into two separate colleges; the Pontificio Collegio Teutonico di S. Maria dell’ Anima and the Collegio Teutonico del Campo Santo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">San Macuto, Rome</span> Church in Rome, Italy

San Macuto is a Catholic church located on Piazza di San Macuto in the Colonna rione of Rome, Italy. Located next to the Jesuit Collegio di San Roberto Bellarmino in the Palazzo Gabrielli-Borromeo, it is the only church in Italy dedicated to the 7th century Breton saint Malo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Branda da Castiglione</span>

Branda da Castiglione was an early Italian humanist, a papal diplomat and a Roman Catholic cardinal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music</span>

The Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music is an institution of higher education of the Roman Catholic Church specifically dedicated to the study of church music. It is based in Rome, Italy, located in the former Pontifical Abbey of St Jerome-in-the-City.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Domus Internationalis Paulus VI</span> Residence, guesthouse in Rome, Italy

The Domus Internationalis Paulus VI was established as a Foundation by Pope John Paul II on 6 January 1999. The purpose of the Domus is to accommodate clergy who are assigned to the diplomatic service of the Holy See, or who are officials of the Roman Curia. The Domus is at the Southern wing of the Palazzi di S. Apollinare. It is a historic Palazzo located in the ancient centre of Rome, and one of the four residences of the Officials of the Roman Curia in Rome; the other three are Domus Sanctae Marthae within the Vatican Walls, the Casa San Benedetto at via dell'Erba, and the Domus Romana Sacerdotalis at via Traspontina. The last two are located near the St. Peter's Square. Cardinals, bishops and priests who visit the Pope in Rome or who participate in the various apostolic works of the Holy See also stay at the Domus. The Domus is near the Vatican, notable Roman monuments, and famous sights.

References

  1. Westfall, Carroll William (May 1974). "Alberti and the Vatican Palace Type". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 33 (2). p. 102 note 3. JSTOR   988904.
  2. Westfall 1974, pp. 102–103.
  3. Gerhard Bissell, Pierre Le Gros 1666-1719, Reading (Si Vede) 1997 (in German) ISBN   0-9529925-0-7
  4. Pope John Paul II, "Address to the Professors and Students of The Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music", Adoremus, January 19, 2001
  5. 1 2 Pope Benedict XVI. "Pope’s Letter to Pontifical Institute of Sacred Music", Zenit, May 31, 2011