The politics of Nepal functions within the framework of a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the Prime Minister and their cabinet,while legislative power is vested in the Parliament.
The Nepali Congress is a social democratic political party in Nepal and the largest party in the country. The party has 840,106 members as of the party's 14th general convention in December 2021 making them the largest party by membership in Nepal.
Pushpa Kamal Dahal,alias Prachanda,is a Nepalese politician currently serving as the Prime Minister of Nepal. He previously held the prime ministerial post from 2008 to 2009 as the first prime minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal,and again from 2016 to 2017.
Baburam Bhattarai,also known by his nom de guerre Laaldhwoj,is a Nepalese politician and former Prime Minister,who presently serves as leader of the Nepal Socialist Party.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre) (Nepali:नेपालकम्युनिस्टपार्टी(माओवादीकेन्द्र)),abbreviated CPN (Maoist Centre),CPN-Maoist Centre,CPN Maoist Centre,or CPN (MC),is the third largest political party in Nepal. It was founded in 1994 after breaking away from the Communist Party of Nepal (Unity Centre). The party launched an armed struggle in 1996 against the Nepalese government. In 2006,the party formally joined mainstream politics after signing a peace agreement following the 2006 Nepalese revolution.
The Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) (Nepali:नेपालकम्युनिष्टपार्टी(एकीकृतमार्क्सवादी-लेनिनवादी);abbr. CPN (UML)) is a communist political party in Nepal. The party emerged as a major party in Nepal after the end of the Panchayat era.
Dhanusha District,,a part of Madhesh Province,is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is situated in the Outer Terai. The district,with Janakpurdham as its district headquarter,covers an area of 1,180.7 km2 (455.9 sq mi) and has a population (2021) of 8,38,084.
Barsaman Pun,also known by his nom de guerre Ananta,is a Nepali communist politician and former Minister for Energy,Water Resources and Irrigation. He is also a member of the Standing Committee in Nepal Communist Party (NCP). He has previously served as Minister of Finance and Minister of Peace and Reconstruction. He was a leader of the Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist-Centre) during the insurgency period and served as one of 4 deputy commanders of People's Liberation Army.
Bidya Devi Bhandari is a former Nepali politician who served as the second president of Nepal from 2015 to 2023. She formerly served as the minister of defence and minister of environment and population.
Yogesh Bhattarai is a Nepali politician and a former Minister of Culture,Tourism and Civil Aviation. He was elected to the House of Representatives from Taplejung constituency in the 2017 general elections.
General elections were held in Nepal in two phases on 26 November and 7 December 2017 to elect the 275 members of the fifth House of Representatives,the lower house of the Federal Parliament of Nepal. The election was held alongside the first provincial elections for the seven provincial assemblies. A political deadlock between the governing Nepali Congress and the winning left-wing coalition over the system used to elect the upper house led to delay in forming the new government. Following the announcement of final result by the Election Commission,K.P. Oli of Communist Party of Nepal was sworn in as Prime Minister on 15 February 2018 by the President according to Article 76 (2) of the constitution. He passed a Motion of Confidence on 11 March 2018 with 208 votes.
The First Federal Parliament of Nepal,consisting of the House of Representatives and the National Assembly,was elected via the 2017 legislative,provincial and local elections.
The People's Socialist Party,Nepal,also known as Janata Samajbadi Party is the sixth-largest political party in Nepal. Since the 2022 local election,the party has been limited to stand only as the third largest party of Madhesh Province after the Nepali Congress and CPN (UML) respectively. Recently the party faced multiple splits under Mahantha Thakur,Baburam Bhattarai,Mahendra Ray Yadav and Resham Lal Chaudhary.
The 2022 Nepalese local elections were held on 13 May 2022 in 6 metropolitan cities,11 sub-metropolitan cities,276 municipalities and 460 rural municipalities. These were the second set of local-level elections to be held since the promulgation of the new constitution in 2015. From the local election result Nepali Congress has become the single largest party of Nepal followed by CPN (UML) and Maoist Centre.
General elections were held in Nepal on 20 November 2022 to elect the 275 members of the House of Representatives. There were two ballots in the election;one to elect 165 members from single-member constituencies via FPTP,and the other to elect the remaining 110 members from a single nation-wide constituency via party-list proportional representation.
The Fifth Deuba cabinet was the Government of Nepal from 13 July 2021 to 26 December 2022. It was formed after Sher Bahadur Deuba was appointed as the new prime minister of Nepal by president Bidya Devi Bhandari following an order from the Supreme Court,which declared the dissolution of the House of Representatives on the recommendation of former prime minister KP Sharma Oli to be unlawful. The fifth Deuba cabinet was replaced by the third Dahal cabinet on 26 December 2022,when Pushpa Kamal Dahal's CPN broke away from the electoral alliance with Nepali Congress and joined hands with other opposition parties to form a government in the aftermath of the 2022 general election.
Millennium Challenge Corporation's Nepal Compact is a compact between the American aid agency Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) and the government of Nepal. Nepal was the first South Asian country to qualify for an MCC contract by passing 16 of the 20 policy indicators used by the MCC. The agreement was signed in Washington DC in September 2017;then Finance Minister of Nepal,Gyanendra Bahadur Karki,and then US deputy Secretary of State,John J. Sullivan,were present. This compact had begun developing on the request of Nepal in 2012 when Baburam Bhattarai was prime minister and Barsaman Pun was finance minister of Nepal.
At the end of 2020,a major split in the Nepal Communist Party (NCP) revived the Communist Party of Nepal and the Communist Party of Nepal.
Prakash Jwala is a Nepali politician who served in the House of Representatives from 1999 until 2008 and in the Karnali Provincial Assembly from 2018 until his expulsion in April 2021,representing the Salyan 1 constituency as a member of the Communist Party of Nepal. After his expulsion,Jwala joined the newly-formed Communist Party of Nepal,and is running as one of its candidates for the House of Representatives in the 2022 Nepalese general election.
The Second Federal Parliament of Nepal,was elected by the 2022 general elections on 20 November 2022. The elections elected 275 Members of Parliament (MPs),165 for each constituency and 110 through the party list,to the House of Representatives. The parliament convened for the first time on 9 January 2023.
