Primley House

Primley House
Primley House from within the grounds
General information
Coordinates	50°25′51″N3°34′54″W / 50.430806°N 3.581670°W / 50.430806; -3.581670
Year(s) built	1709
Owner	Belfield Family (1709–1870) Herbert Whitley (1904–1955)
Website
www.primleyhouse.co.uk

Primley House is a large estate house in Paignton, Devon. Built in the 18th century by the Belfield family, it stayed in family hands until the early 20th century when it was sold to the Whitley family. Herbert Whitley spent considerable time and effort growing a collection of animals and plants in the extensive outbuildings of the house, before extending his collection onto estate land on the other side of the Totnes Road. That collection was eventually opened to the public and became Paignton Zoo.

On Whitley's death, the house was left to his assistant Gladys Salter, who converted it to a home for the elderly, which it remains to the present day.

History

Early history

The house was originally named Prim-Legh, based on the Old English for "morning meadow". ^[1]

Little is known about the early history, although by 1709 a John Elliot was paying rates for the house (while a Mr Furneaux paid rates for 'Primley Garden'). ^[2]

Belfield ownership

At the beginning of the 18th century, the estate was acquired through marriage by the Bellfield family, whose predecessors had moved to Paignton from Lancashire in 1554. ^[2]

The family held the estate through a number of generations.

The Belfields were active in the community, including providing land from the estate for local allotments. ^{[3] [4]}

During the 1870s, the house formed the boundary of the foot messengers from Paighton for the General Post Office telegraph service. ^[5]

The final Belfield in residence was John Finney Belfield, who left abruptly in 1870, simply walking out of the house, and away from his prominent profile in Paignton, and moved unannounced to Exeter, never returning to the town. ^[2]

After the Belfields, the house was lived in by a number of short-term occupants, including Mr H Twiddle, ^[6] and Lord and Lady Wenlock. ^[7]

Whitley family

The Whitley family were wealthy and prominent in Liverpool. The then-head of the household, Edward Whitley, ^[8] a prominent solicitor, Lord Mayor of Liverpool and Member of Parliament from Liverpool, died in 1892, leaving his wife Isabella Greenall, heiress in the Greenall Whitley & Co brewery dynasty and five children.

In 1904 Isabella and four of the children moved to Devon, fearful of tuberculosis. The brothers Herbert and William completed their studies before setting about acquiring significant land in Devon, both at Paignton and around Dartmoor. ^[9]

Herbert Whitley was the fourth son, but he took much control of Primley House, in particular taking over the sixteen large greenhouses adjoining the house, filling them with a wide variety of exotic plants and animals, ^[10] with a particular interest in specimens which were blue. ^[11]

His collection eventually outgrew the greenhouses, and he started building on estate land on the far side of the Totnes Road. ^[12] This collection became larger and more exotic, before being opened to the public as Primley Zoological Gardens, and later known as Paignton Zoo.

Home for the elderly

When Herbert Whitley died in 1955, he made provision that his trusted assistant Gladys Salter should have a lifetime interest in Primley House, being able to live out her days there. She converted the entire house to a home for the elderly – including provision for herself, and in 1956 this became the Primley Housing Association. ^[2]

In 1967 the association purchased the freehold of the house from the Whitley Trust.

In 1986 the Torbay Civic Society unveiled a blue plaque on the building, commemorating both the Belfield family and Herbert Whitley. ^[2]

Notable residents have included Bill Stone, the noted Royal Navy sailor. ^[13]

Status

Primley House has been a listed building at Grade II since 1975. ^{[14] [15]}

References

1. Baker, Jack (1988). Chimps, Champs and Elephants. SJH Publications, Paignton. ISBN   1870910001.
2. Primley House and Herbert Whitley, Torbay Civic Society, 2005
3. "Paignton". Western Times. 26 June 1847.
4. "South Hams". Sherborone Mercury. 26 June 1847.
5. "Post Office Telegraph". Sidmouth Journal and Directory. 1 December 1870.
6. "A Queer Fish". Globe. 25 May 1888.
7. "Social and Personal". Yorkshire Gazette. 2 September 1899.
8. "Our Story: From one man's private collection to a world renowned zoo and botanical garden". Paignton Zoo. 2 February 2023.
9. Davies, Owain (Autumn 2018). "Hunting through the generations". Hound Tor. No. 1. pp. 44–46. ISSN   2515-9437.
10. "History". Primley House.
11. Whitley, Edward (1993). Gerald Durrell's army. FA Thorpe, Anstey. p. 201. ISBN   0708987354.
12. "Millionares, Mysteries and Menageries: The surprising history of Primley House". Paignton Zoo. 20 April 2023.
13. Stone, William (2010). Hero of the fleet : two World Wars, one extraordinary life : the memoirs of centenarian. ISIS Large Print Books. ISBN   9780753152478.
14. "Primley House". British Listed Buildings.
15. Historic England. "Primley House (1293135)". National Heritage List for England . Retrieved 25 April 2023.