Proculus (or Lucius) Verginius Tricostus was a consul of the Roman Republic in 435 BC. He was possibly re-elected as consul in 434 BC. [1]
Verginius belonged to the patrician Verginia gens which had flourished in the early years of the Republic but would fade into obscurity in the early 4th century BC. Verginius was most likely a grandson or great-grandson of Opiter Verginius Tricostus, consul in 502 BC, but as no filiation has survived in our sources it is impossible to trace his descent. If his praenomen is Lucius, there is a possibility that he can be identified as the father to Lucius Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus, the consular tribune in 402 BC. [2]
Verginius was elected consul in 435 BC together with Gaius Julius. The year was occupied by the rising threat from the Fidenates and a dictator was appointed to resolve the situation. The dictator, Servilius Fidenas, saw great success in the war and Fidenae itself was captured. The year also saw the election of two censors, Gaius Furius Pacilus Fusus and Marcus Geganius Macerinus, who for the first time held the census at the Villa Publica in the Campus Martius. [3] [4] [5] [6]
In some traditions, Verginius and his colleague was re-elected to the consulship the following year and would again relinquish their imperium in favor of another appointment of a dictator. The new dictator, Mamercus Aemilius Mamercinus, fought the Falerii and Etruria and enacted a law limiting the censorship down to a term of one and half year from the previous term of five years. [7] [8] [9]
The tradition placing Verginius as consul re-elect in 434 BC is based mainly on Livy who in turn cites Licinius Macer. Livy also provides a second tradition placing Marcus Manlius Capitolinus Vulso and Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Praetextatus as consuls for the year, this based on the writings of Valerius Antias and Aelius Tubero. As the writings of Licinius, Valerius and Aelius are all lost, we can only base it on the references given by Livy. A third version of the college of 434 is provided by Diodorus Siculus who lists both Manlius and Sulpicius and a third individual, Servius Cornelius Cossus, as consular tribunes, not consuls, during the year. The modern consensus generally favor the second or third tradition, with the classicist Broughton commenting that the re-election of the consuls of 435 remains the least likely version. [10] [11] [12]
The gens Sulpicia was one of the most ancient patrician families at ancient Rome, and produced a succession of distinguished men, from the foundation of the Republic to the imperial period. The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Servius Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus, in 500 BC, only nine years after the expulsion of the Tarquins, and the last of the name who appears on the consular list was Sextus Sulpicius Tertullus in AD 158. Although originally patrician, the family also possessed plebeian members, some of whom may have been descended from freedmen of the gens.
Gaius Sulpicius Peticus was a prominent 4th-century BC Roman politician and general who served as consul five times and as dictator once. Sulpicius was a member of the gens Sulpicia, a prominent patrician family which had attained the consular dignity a great number of times following the foundation of the republic. However, the familial relationship between Sulpicius and other known contemporary members of the gens is unknown, with the only information about his heritage being that his father was named Marcus and his grandfather was named Quintus.
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Gaius Julius Iullus was consul in 447 BC, and again in 435.
Lucius Julius Iullus was a member of the ancient patrician gens Julia. He was one of the consular tribunes of 438 BC, magister equitum in 431, and consul in 430 BC.
Gaius Julius Iullus was a Roman statesman and member of the ancient patrician gens Julia. He was consular tribune in 408 and 405 BC, and censor in 393.
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Publius Servilius Priscus was a Roman senator active in the fifth century BC and consul in 463 BC.
Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Praetextatus was a consul or consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 434 BC.
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Quintus Sulpicius Camerinus Cornutus was a consular tribune of the Roman Republic in 402 and 398 BC.
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Quintus Servilius Fidenas was a prominent early Roman politician who achieved the position of Consular tribune six times throughout a sixteen-year period. Quintus Servilius was a member of the illustrious gens Servilia, a patrician family which had achieved great prominence since the foundation of the republic. In particular, Servilius was the son of Quintus Servilius Priscus Fidenas, a well respected statesman and general who served as dictator twice, in 435 and 418 BC, as well as holding the religious title of either augur or pontifex, which he held until his death in 390 BC. Servilius the younger himself had at least one son, also named Quintus Servilius Fidenas, who served as consular tribune in 382, 378, and 369 BC.
Lucius Verginius Tricostus Esquilinus was a Roman politician of the fifth and fourth centuries BC.