Public Education in Mississippi

Last updated

The education system in Mississippi consists of elementary, middle, and high schools as well as boarding schools, public and private schools, and colleges and universities.

Contents

Mississippi has a reputation of having the lowest ranked education system in the United States. In 2008, Mississippi ranked last in academic achievement by the American Legislative Exchange Council's Report Card on Education with the lowest average ACT score [1] and the 6th lowest spending per pupil in the nation. On the other hand, by 2019 Mississippi had significantly narrowed the gap in the National Assessment of Educational Progress, even achieving parity for both reading [2] and mathematics [3] .

Most of the schools in Mississippi are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.

K-12

Mississippi Department of Education

The Mississippi Board of Education has nine appointed members, and they appoint the State Superintendent of Education who sets educational policies and oversees the Mississippi Department of Education. The Mississippi Governor appoints one member of the Board of Education from Mississippi's Northern Supreme Court District, one from the Central Supreme Court District, one from the Southern Supreme Court District, one employed school administrator, and one employed public school teacher. The Lieutenant Governor appoints two members-at-large, and the Speaker of the Mississippi House of Representatives appoints two members-at-large.

The Mississippi Board of Education divides the Department of Education into functioning divisions and is responsible for establishing and maintaining their policy system and designing and maintaining curriculum for public school students that prepares them for the work force. They are also responsible for regulating curriculum, teacher standards and certification, student testing, accountability, school accreditation and any other problems that arise in the school system.

Demographics

In Mississippi, there are 152 school districts consisting of 3 agricultural high schools, 68 county unit districts, and 81 separate district schools.

There are 1,089 elementary and secondary schools with 491,962 students and 33,358 teachers, compared to the national averages of 1,999 schools, 965,991 students, and 63,179 teachers. The pupil to teach ratio in Mississippi is 14.7, compared to the national average of 15.3.

Educational Programs

The Office of Vocational Education and Workforce Development prepares students for the workforce by providing them with programs to teach them about various fields in business and industry. It is an integrated educational delivery system that provides programs for secondary (middle and high school), postsecondary (college), and short-term adult programs.

Mississippi Public Broadcasting (MPB) was signed on air with its first broadcast on February 1, 1970. It began airing radio programs in 1984. It reaches 2.2 million households in Mississippi, and 127,000 Mississippians listen to its radio programming weekly. 40% of its programming is geared towards children.

Specialized Schools

The Mississippi School for the Deaf is the state residential school for students who are deaf and hard of hearing. It is located in the state's capital of Jackson, Mississippi, and it was founded in 1854.

The Mississippi School for Mathematics and Science (MSMS) is a public residential school for gifted students located in Columbus, Mississippi on the campus of the Mississippi University for Women. MSMS accepts students from across the state and only enrolls students in the last two years of high school.

Colleges and Universities

In Mississippi, there are 15 public community colleges, 8 private colleges, and 9 public universities. Most of these colleges and universities assess ACT and SAT scores when accepting college graduates.

In 2010, 26,887 Mississippi graduates took the ACT, which is 96% of graduating seniors. The composite score was 18.8, compared to the national average of 21.0. Mississippi graduates received the lowest average ACT score in any state in the nation. The combined average SAT score for Mississippi graduates in 2010 was 1666, and 3% of Mississippi graduates took the SAT. Mississippi was ranked 18th nationally in SAT scores.

Reform

The Mississippi Education Reform Act of 1982

The Mississippi Education Reform Act of 1982 was adopted in an effort to "improve state school governance, leadership and finance, improve professional preparation and growth of school personnel, improve school performance, and encourage higher student achievement."

According to the Mississippi Department of Education's progress report in 2002, major strides had been made in the education system in Mississippi. Leadership was strengthened by appointing the State Superintendent and members of the Mississippi Board of Education in order to eliminate political leadership in the education system. With the creation of a new licensure process, many certified, professional teachers were hired in Mississippi schools. Uniform curriculum had improved school performance, and students had scored increasingly higher on standardized exams.

Mississippi Adequate Education Program

The Mississippi Adequate Education Program (MAEP) was passed by the Mississippi Legislature in 1997, and its aim was to increase student achievement and eliminate inequity among school districts. The law provides a formula that distributes the necessary educational resources to Mississippi school districts equally.

MAEP has issued over $507 million in State Aid Capital Improvement Bonds and more than 9,000 new, reconditioned school buildings.

No Child Left Behind

The No Child Left Behind Act was signed into law by President George W. Bush on January 8, 2002, and it requires states to develop assessments in basic skills to be given to all students in certain grades. These states will receive federal funding in turn if these standards are met.

Mississippi adopted "No Child Left Behind" in 2003, and yearly Report Cards are given to the state, districts and schools to assess their schools.

  1. Note that state-by-state comparisons of average ACT scores are an unreliable measure of student achievement, as some states, such as Mississippi, administer the test to all their students, which lowers the score. States with higher scores tend to have much lower participation rates.
  2. NAEP state-by-state comparisons at the 4th-grade level for reading
  3. NAEP state-by-state copmarisons at the 4th-grade level for mathematics

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ACT (test)</span> American standardized test used for college admissions

The ACT is a standardized test used for college admissions in the United States. It is currently administered by ACT, a nonprofit organization of the same name. The ACT test covers four academic skill areas: English, mathematics, reading, and scientific reasoning. It also offers an optional direct writing test. It is accepted by all four-year colleges and universities in the United States as well as more than 225 universities outside of the U.S.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Standardized test</span> Test administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner

A standardized test is a test that is administered and scored in a consistent, or "standard", manner. Standardized tests are designed in such a way that the questions and interpretations are consistent and are administered and scored in a predetermined, standard manner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Educational Testing Service</span> Educational testing and assessment organization

Educational Testing Service (ETS), founded in 1947, is the world's largest private nonprofit educational testing and assessment organization. It is headquartered in Lawrence Township, New Jersey, but has a Princeton address.

Wichita Collegiate School, known locally as Collegiate, is a private, co-educational, non-denominational, and non-profit college preparatory day school founded in 1963 currently enrolling 966 students from preschool through 12th grade located in Wichita, Kansas, United States. The Head of School is Nathan Washer, who was appointed in July 2019. The school motto is: "Proba te Dignum"

<span class="mw-page-title-main">National Assessment of Educational Progress</span> Assessment

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is the largest continuing and nationally representative assessment of what U.S. students know and can do in various subjects. NAEP is a congressionally mandated project administered by the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES), within the Institute of Education Sciences (IES) of the U.S. Department of Education. The first national administration of NAEP occurred in 1969. The National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB) is an independent, bipartisan board that sets policy for NAEP and is responsible for developing the framework and test specifications.The National Assessment Governing Board, whose members are appointed by the U.S. Secretary of Education, includes governors, state legislators, local and state school officials, educators, business representatives, and members of the general public. Congress created the 26-member Governing Board in 1988.

Sandra Stotsky is Professor emerita in the Department of Education Reform at the University of Arkansas, and held the 21st Century Chair in Teacher Quality. Her research ranges from teacher licensure tests, e.g., (1), coherence in the literature and reading curriculum, e.g., (2), and academic achievement in single-sex classrooms, e.g., (3) to critiques of Common Core’s standards in English language arts, e.g., (4) mathematics.(5), and US History and civic education (6), and other aspects of the Common Core project, e.g., (7), and to reviews of books in education, e.g., (8) She is an advocate of standards-based reform and strong academic standards and assessments for students and teachers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Unionville High School (Kennett Square, Pennsylvania)</span> Public high school in Kennett Square, Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States

A four-year, high school located in Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, Unionville High School enrolls approximately 1,300 students. Accredited by the Middle Atlantic States Association of Secondary Schools, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Unionville High School has received state recognition for excellence and high achievement in the preparation of students for higher education. Each year, more than 95% of the Unionville High School graduating class takes the SAT examinations. Over 95% of all graduating seniors pursue some form of higher education; 89% go to 4-year colleges, while 7% go to 2-year colleges.

Education in Kentucky includes elementary school, middle school, high school, and post-secondary institutions. Most Kentucky schools and colleges are accredited through the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS).

Student athlete is a term used principally in the United States to describe students enrolled at postsecondary educational institutions, principally colleges and universities, but also at secondary schools, who participate in an organized competitive sport sponsored by that educational institution or school. The term student-athlete was coined in 1964 by Walter Byers, the first executive director of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The term is also interchangeable with the synonymous term “varsity athlete”.

Beaver Area High School is a public high school in Beaver, Pennsylvania, United States. It is the only high school in the Beaver Area School District. Athletic teams compete as the Beaver Bobcats in the Western Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic League.

Education in Vermont consists of public and private schools including the University of Vermont, the Vermont State Colleges, private colleges, and secondary and primary schools in the U.S. state of Vermont.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern Lebanon County High School</span> Public school in Myerstown, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States

Eastern Lebanon County High School, referred to as ELCO High School, is located in Myerstown, Pennsylvania. It is a four-year high school with a total student enrollment of 747. The high-school campus also contains the district's intermediate and middle schools.

Warren Central High School is a public high school of Vicksburg Warren School District located in unincorporated Warren County, Mississippi, United States. During the 2015–16 school year, it had 1240 students in its main campus.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mississippi Department of Transportation</span>

The Mississippi Department of Transportation (MDOT) is the organization in charge of developing and maintaining all state and federal roadways in the U.S. state of Mississippi. In addition to highways, the department also has a limited role in supporting Mississippi's public transportation system, ports and waterways system, aeronautics and railroads. MDOT is headquartered in downtown Jackson.

AUSL is a Chicago nonprofit school management organization founded in 2001. Today, it manages 31 Chicago Public Schools serving more than 16,000 students. Over 1,045 teachers have graduated from the AUSL Chicago Teacher Residency.

Formal education in Mississippi began in the early 19th century with private schools and academies, a public education system was founded during the Reconstruction era, by the biracial legislature led by the Republican Party. Throughout its history, Mississippi has produced notable education inequalities due to racial segregation and underfunding of black schools, as well as rural zoning and lack of commitment to funding education.

The racial achievement gap in the United States refers to disparities in educational achievement between differing ethnic/racial groups. It manifests itself in a variety of ways: African-American and Hispanic students are more likely to receive lower grades, score lower on standardized tests, drop out of high school, and they are less likely to enter and complete college than whites, while whites score lower than Asian Americans.

Carlinville High School is a public high school located in Carlinville, Illinois that serves students from the surrounding areas of Carlinville, Chesterfield, Standard City, Atwater, and Plainview.

ACT, Inc. is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, primarily known for the ACT, a standardized test designed to assess high school students' academic achievement and college readiness. For the U.S. high school graduating class of 2019, 52 percent of graduates had taken the ACT test; the more than 1.78 million students included virtually all high school graduates in 17 states.