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Pucca housing (or pukka or pacca) refers to dwellings that are designed to be solid and permanent. This term is applied to housing in South Asia built of substantial material such as stone, brick, cement, concrete, or timber. [1]
The term pucca means "solid" and "permanent", from Hindustani पक्का/پکّاpakkā, lit. '"ripe, cooked, experienced"'. It is contrasted with kutcha housing (कच्जा/کچّاkaččālit. '"unripe, raw, inexperienced"'), referring to buildings of flimsy construction. Pucca homes are typically made of concrete, stone, clay tiles and/or metal, in contrast to older homes made of mud and organic material. These building methods are more costly and labor-intensive than the more traditional building methods.
In India, there is currently a large-scale effort to build pucca houses for people. As of 10th June 2024, under the Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U), 83.67 lakh pucca houses have been completed out of the total of 1.18 Crore houses sanctioned for construction. [2]
Pucca houses are sometimes built to replace homes damaged by natural disasters. The permanency of pucca materials and techniques inevitably makes it less easy to adjust the house to the needs and habits of the occupants, and the relationship between house and occupants becomes more rigid, more fixed. [3] [4] [5]
A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. Houses use a range of different roofing systems to keep precipitation such as rain from getting into the dwelling space. Houses generally have doors or locks to secure the dwelling space and protect its inhabitants and contents from burglars or other trespassers. Most conventional modern houses in Western cultures will contain one or more bedrooms and bathrooms, a kitchen or cooking area, and a living room. A house may have a separate dining room, or the eating area may be integrated into the kitchen or another room. Some large houses in North America have a recreation room. In traditional agriculture-oriented societies, domestic animals such as chickens or larger livestock may share part of the house with humans.
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