Rafiki (film)

Last updated

Rafiki
Rafiki poster.jpg
Theatrical release poster
Directed by Wanuri Kahiu
Written by
  • Wanuri Kahiu
  • Jenna Cato Bass
Produced by Steven Markovitz
Starring
CinematographyChristopher Wessels
Edited by Isabelle Dedieu
Release dates
  • 9 May 2018 (2018-05-09)(Cannes)
  • 23 September 2018 (2018-09-23)(Kenya)
Running time
82 minutes
CountryKenya
Languages
  • English
  • Swahili
Box office$176,513 [1]

Rafiki ( Swahili for 'friend') is a 2018 Kenyan drama film directed by Wanuri Kahiu. [2] Rafiki is the story of romance that grows between two young women, Kena and Ziki, amidst family and political pressures around LGBT rights in Kenya. The film had its international premiere in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival; [3] [4] it was the first Kenyan film to be screened at the festival. [5]

Contents

Plot

Kena helps her father John Mwaura run a small convenience store in Nairobi as he campaigns for a local election. Kena lives with her mother, who isn't really on speaking terms with John. Kena starts flirting with Ziki, a neighbourhood girl with colourful hair, who also happens to be the daughter of Peter Okemi, John's political rival. Kena and Ziki have a number of romantic dates, and quickly become very close, but there are tensions about displaying their affection in public because homosexuality is illegal in Kenya. [6] [7]

Ziki's friends get jealous that she is spending so much time with Kena, and when they attack Kena, Ziki defends her. Ziki takes Kena home to dress her wounds, but Ziki's mom catches them kissing. They run away together to hide, but are found by the town gossip, who brings an angry mob to attack the two girls. They are both arrested, and have to be picked up by their fathers. Ziki can no longer bear to see Kena, and her parents send her to live in London. John refuses to let Kena take the blame for what happened, even though it means forfeiting his chance at winning the election. [6] [7]

A few years later, Kena has fulfilled her dream to become a doctor and gets word that Ziki has returned to town. The film ends just as they are reunited: after all these years their love has not died. [6] [7]

Cast

Production

The film is inspired by Ugandan Monica Arac de Nyeko's 2007 Caine Prize-winning short story "Jambula Tree". [8] The film's title "Rafiki" (meaning "friend" in Swahili) was chosen, because due to homophobia in society, partners in a same-sex relationship often need to introduce their partner as a "friend", even if they are more than a friend. [9]

It took several years to find funding to produce the film. The filmmakers initially tried to get funding in Kenya, but that was not possible, so they found co-production partners in Europe as well as financing from Lebanon and the United States. [9] It was produced by Big World Cinema, a South African company. [10]

Colours played an important role in the cinematography and art direction of the film. The filmmakers wanted to show that Nairobi is a very colourful city, which is why there is a lot of colour in the film. Scenes of intimacy between Kena and Ziki are shown in more tender pastel colours rather than the strong colour contrasts of the other scenes. [9] [11]

The film soundtracks featured several African artists such as Muthoni Drummer Queen, Chemutai Sage, Blinky Bill, Jaaz Odongo, Trina Mungai, Mumbi and Njoki Karu. [8] The playlist was curated by Patricia Kihoro, who disclosed this during an interview.

It was Samantha Mugatsia's first film as an actress. [12] Kahiu discovered her at a friend's party and asked her to audition for the role, as she had some of the characteristics of the character Kena. Sheila Munyiva had acted in films before. [5]

Through the film, Wanuri expressed that African art needs to showcase hope and joy rather than hardship, terror and wars. She terms this as Afrobubblegum, and she is a strong advocate for the cultural movement. [13] [14] She also named her own Production Company as Afrobubblegum. [15] [16]

Reception

On Metacritic the film has a score of 68 out of 100 based on reviews from 17 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews". [17]

The film made its Dutch premiere at the International Film Festival Rotterdam in 2019, during its 48th edition. [18] It also got screened at the Dublin International Film Festival in the same year. [19]

Ban in Kenya

Rafiki was banned by the Kenya Film Classification Board (KFCB) "due to its homosexual theme and clear intent to promote lesbianism in Kenya contrary to the law". [20] [21] The Board asked the film director to change the ending, as it was too hopeful and positive. Kahiu refused, which led to the ban of the film. [9] The KFCB warned that anyone found in possession of the film would be in breach of the law in Kenya, where gay sex is punishable by 14 years in jail. The ban raised international outrage by the supporters of LGBT rights. [22] [23]

The film's director, Wanuri Kahiu, sued Kenya's government, to allow the film to be screened and become eligible to be submitted as Kenya's entry for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film at the 91st Academy Awards. [24] [25] She also sued for projected losses that would arise from the ban. [26] On 21 September 2018, the Kenyan High Court judge, Wilfrida Okwany, temporarily lifted the ban on the film, allowing it to be screened in the country for seven days and meeting the minimum eligibility requirement. [27] [28] [29] [30] Once the ban was lifted, the film played to sold-out crowds at a cinema in Nairobi. [31] [32] It raked in millions of shillings during this period. [33] Despite the concession, it was not selected as Kenya's submission in the Foreign Language Film category, with Supa Modo being sent instead. [34] [35] [31]

Awards

Mugatsia won the Best Actress award at the 2019 FESPACO in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso for her portrayal of Kena. [36]

The film won the Best Narrative feature at the Seattle Queer Fim Festival in 2019. It also won the Silver Hugo award at the Chicago International Film Festival. [37]

A comprehensive list of the Awards and Nominations Rafiki film has received over the past years is as follows:

NOMINATIONS AND AWARDS
YearFestivalCategoryResultReference
2018 Amerian Film Institute (AFI) Festival Audience Award:

New Auteurs

Nominee [38] [39]
2018 Bratislava International Film Festival Viewers' Choice AwardWinner
2018 Cannes Film Festival Queer PalmNominee [40] [41] [42]
Un Certain RegardNominee
2018 Carthage Fim Festival Tanit d'Or:

Narrative Feature Film

Nominee [41]
Best Actress in a Leading Role: Samantha Mugatsia Winner
Best Music: Narrative Feature FilmWinner
2018 Chicago International Film Festival Silver Q- HugoWinner [43] [37]
Gold Q- HugoNominee
2018 Durban International Film Festival Best Film: International CompetitionNominee[ citation needed ]
2018 LesGaiCineMad, Madrid International LGBT Film FestivalJury Prize:

Best Acting- Samantha Mugatsia

Winner [44]
Audience Award:

Best Feature Film

Winner
2018LUCAS - International Festival of Films for Children and YoungYoungsters Award:

Section 16+

Winner [45] [44]
Bridging The Borders AwardWinner
2018 Merlinka Festival Jury Prize:

Best Feature Film

Nominee
2018NewFest: New York's LGBT Film FestivalAudience Award:

Narrative Feature

Winner [44]
2018 Oslo Films from the South Festival Audience AwardNominee
New Voices AwardNominee
2018 São Paulo International Film Festival New Directors Competion:

Best Film

Nominee
2018 Seattle Queer Film Festival Audience Award:

Favorite Narrative Feature

Winner [37] [44]
Jury Award:

Best Feature Film

Winner
2018 Sydney Film Festival Audience Award:

Best Narrative Feature

Third Place
2018 Valladolid International Film Festival Meeting Point:

Best Feature Film

Nominee
2019 Black Reel Awards Outstanding World Cinema Motion PictureNominee [46]
2019 Dublin International Film Festival Young Programmers Choice AwardWinner [47] [48] [49]
2019 Pan African Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou Best Actress- Samantha Mugatsia Winner [50] [51] [52] [36]
2019 Göteborg Film Festival Dragon Award:

International Competition

Nominee [53] [54]
2019Kingston Reelout Film FestivalKim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:

Outstanding Supporting Performance- Muthoni Gathecha

Nominee [55]
Kim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:

Outstanding Lead Performance- Neville Misati

Nominee
Kim Renders Outstanding Performance Award:

Outstanding Lead Performance- Samantha Mugatsia

Winner
2019Milan International Lesbian and Gay Film FestivalGrand Jury Award:

Best Film

Winner
Special Jury Award:

Best Feature Film- Cultweek

Winner
2019 Minneapolis St. Paul International Film Festival Audience Choice Award:

Images Of Africa- Fiction

Winner [56] [57]
2019The QueertiesQueerty Indie MovieNominee [58]
2019 African Movie Academy Awards Best Actress In a Leading Role- Sheila Munyiva Nominee [59] [60]
Best Actress In a Leading Role- Samantha Mugatsia Nominee
Ousmane Sembene Award:

Best Film In an African Language

Winner
Best Editing- Isabelle Dedieu Winner
Best Film- Steven Markovitz Nominee
Best Director- Wanuri Kahiu Nominee
Best Screenplay- Wanuri Kahiu, Jenna Cato Bass Nominee
Best Cinematography- Christopher WesselsNominee
Best Costume Design- Wambui ThimbaNominee
Best Production Design- Arya LallooNominee
2020 Chlotrudis Awards Best Adapted ScreenplayNominee [61] [62]
2020 GLAAD Media Awards Outstanding Film:

Limited Release

Winner [63] [41]
2024Vancouver International Film FestivalOfficial Selection [64] [65]

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References

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  3. ↑ "The 2018 Official Selection". Cannes. 12 April 2018. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
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  6. 1 2 3 Mumford, Gwilym (9 May 2018). "Rafiki review – groundbreaking lesbian romance aims to change Kenyan hearts and minds". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 21 November 2024.
  7. 1 2 3 "'Rafiki' Is An Afro Bubble Gum Film About 2 Women Falling In Love Where It's Illegal". www.wbur.org. 10 May 2019. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
  8. 1 2 Nangsel (10 February 2020). "Film Review: Rafiki – To Love Or Not No To Love, When Love Is Illegal". Feminism in India. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
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  14. ↑ Milne, Rachel (1 September 2023). "'Fun, fierce and frivolous': Afrobubblegum and the possibilities of queer African love in Rafiki". Queer Studies in Media & Popular Culture. 8 (Representing Queerness: Modes, Manners and Methods): 297–314. doi:10.1386/qsmpc_00107_1. ISSN   2055-5695.
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  31. 1 2 Griffin, Tamerra (29 September 2018). "People Had Seven Days To Watch A Film Banned For "Promoting Lesbianism"". BuzzFeed News. Retrieved 21 November 2024.
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  39. ↑ Guzmac, Rub (22 November 2024). "Announcing AFI FEST 2018 New Auteurs and American Independents Lineups". American Film Institute. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
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  65. ↑ Dunn, Bryen (26 September 2024). "What's queer at the 2024 Vancouver International Film Festival – Sept 26 to Oct 6, 2024". TheBUZZ Magazine. Retrieved 22 November 2024.
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