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The following tables list railway and tramway terminology as used in different European languages. Included are English, German, Polish, Hungarian, French and Italian.
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| UK English/ other non-US English | US English | German | Polish | Hungarian | French | Italian | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| railway | railroad | Eisenbahn | kolej | vasút, vaspálya (archaic) | chemin de fer | ferrovia | transport on rails |
| mountain railway | mountain railroad | Gebirgsbahn | kolej górska | hegyi vasút | railways on mountainous terrain | ||
| rack railway, rack-and-pinion railway, cog railway | rack railroad | Zahnradbahn | fogaskerekű vasút | ferrovia a cremagliera | railways assisted by a rack-and-pinion system | ||
| cable railway | cable railroad | ||||||
| funicular, cliff railway | funicular | Standseilbahn | funikular | siklóvasút, sikló | funiculaire | funicolare | |
| tram, tramway | streetcar, trolley | Straßenbahn, Trambahn | tramwaj | villamos, tramway (archaic) | tramway, tram | tram | urban railways |
| underground, tube, metro | subway, metro | U-bahn, Untergrundbahn, Metro | metro | metró, földalatti vasút (archaic) | métro | metropolitana | underground rail rapid transit |
| S-bahn | gyorsvillamos | overground rail rapid transit | |||||
| Tram-Train | |||||||
| regional railway | helyi érdekű vasút, HÉV | ||||||
| aerial tramway | cable car | Pendelbahn | drótkötélpályás felvonó, felvonó | téléphérique | |||
| aerial lift | aerial lift gondola lift | Seilbahn | kábelvasút, kötélvasút | ||||
| chairlift | chairlift |
| UK English/ other non-US English | US English | German | Polish | Hungarian | French | Italian | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| train | train | Zug | pociąg | vonat | train | treno | group of coupled railway vehicles |
| formation, rake, [lower-alpha 1] set, [lower-alpha 2] unit [lower-alpha 3] | consist, trainset | vonat- összeállítás | specific grouping (configuration) of coupled railway vehicles | ||||
| Rollmaterial | vasúti jármű | railway vehicle | |||||
| Triebfahrzeug (Tfz.) | vasúti vontatójármű | powered railway vehicle | |||||
| locomotive (loco), engine | locomotive (loco), engine | Lokomotive (Lok) | lokomotywa | mozdony, lokomotív (archaic) | locomotive | locomotiva | powered railway vehicle without a passenger compartment |
| A unit, mother | multiple unit locomotive capable of controlling (and powering) a B unit or a slug | ||||||
| B unit, booster unit, cabless, slave | cabless multiple unit locomotive capable of being controlled by an A unit | ||||||
| slug | cabless, remotely powered multiple unit railway vehicle capable of being powered and controlled by an A unit | ||||||
| shunter (UK/AU), shunting engine, yard pilot (AU) | switcher, switch engine, yard goat | tolatómozdony | locomotive intended for moving other rolling stock (shunting) on railway shunting yards | ||||
| road switcher | locomotive intended both for moving other rolling stock (shunting) on railway shunting yards and for acting as a regular locomotive outside shunting yards | ||||||
| multiple unit (MU) | multiple unit (MU) | railway vehicle capable of controlling (and powering) another railway vehicle | |||||
| power car | power car | Triebkopf | hajtófej | ||||
| trainset | Triebzug | motorvonat | |||||
| motor coach, railcar/railmotor (non-pulling vehicle) | motorcar, railmotor, motor, box motor, doodlebug (non-pulling vehicle) | Triebwagen | motorkocsi | autorail | automotrice | powered railway vehicle with a passenger compartment | |
| Gepäcktriebwagen | poggyászmotorkocsi | motor coach with a luggage compartment | |||||
| control car, control trailer, driving trailer, driving van trailer (DVT) | cab car | Steuerwagen | wagon sterowniczy, wagon rozrządczy | vezérlőkocsi | |||
| generator car, generator van | head end power car (HEP car), power car | fűtőkocsi | |||||
| brake van, guard's van | caboose | fékezőkocsi | |||||
| travelling post office (TPO) | railway post office (RPO) | postakocsi | |||||
| railway carriage | railroad car, railcar | vasúti kocsi | |||||
| railway coach, railway car | passenger car | személykocsi | |||||
| goods wagon, freight wagon | goods car, freight car | teherkocsi, tehervagon, vagon | |||||
| boxcar | teherkocsi, tehervagon | ||||||
| flatcar | pőrekocsi | ||||||
| refrigerated van, refrigerated wagon | refrigerator car, reefer | hűtőkocsi, hűtővagon | |||||
| tank wagon, tanker wagon | tank car | tartálykocsi | |||||
| railbus | Schienenautobus, Schienenbus | autobus szynowy, szynobus | sínautóbusz, sínbusz | autocar sur rails | autobus su rotaia | ||
| Straßenbahnzug | villamosszerelvény | ||||||
| tramcar | streetcar, trolley car | villamoskocsi | |||||
| tram engine | tramway (archaic) | ||||||
| underground car | subway car | metrókocsi | |||||
| articulated motor coach | Gelenktriebwagen | csuklós motorkocsi | articulated motor coach | ||||
| trailer | Beiwagen, Anhanger | pótkocsi, pót | unpowered, towed tram vehicle | ||||
| Triebbeiwagen, geführter Triebwagen | motorpótkocsi, motorpót |
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A pocket track, tail track, or reversing siding is a rail track layout which allows trains to park off the main line. This type of track layout differs from a passing loop in that the pocket track is usually located between two main lines, rather than off to the side.
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A headstock of a rail vehicle is a transverse structural member located at the extreme end of the vehicle's underframe. The headstock supports the coupling at that end of the vehicle, and may also support buffers, in which case it may also be known as a buffer beam. The headstocks form part of the underframe of a locomotive or a railroad car. The headstocks of locomotives, railcars and cabcars also support headlamps and the hoses for air brakes, vacuum brakes as well as the cables for train control and head end power.
A multiple-unit train or simply multiple unit (MU) is a self-propelled train composed of one or more carriages joined together, which when coupled to another multiple unit can be controlled by a single driver, with multiple-unit train control. Although multiple units consist of several carriages, single self-propelled carriages such as railbuses and trams – are in fact multiple-units when two or more of them are working connected through multiple-unit train control.
