Rajapalayam (dog)

Last updated
Rajapalayam
(2) Isha female rajapalayam.jpg
Rajapalayam Hound, Indian sight-hound.
Origin India
NotesRecognized by the Kennel Club of India.
Dog ( domestic dog )

The Rajapalayam, also known as the Polygar Hound or Indian Ghost Hound, is a southern Indian dog breed. [1] [2] It was the constant companion, boar hunter and guard of the royalty and aristocracy in Southern India, particularly in its namesake town of Rajapalayam in the Virudhunagar district of Tamil Nadu.

Contents

Four commemorative postage stamps were issued on 9 January 2005 by India Post for four breeds (sic.) i.e. Himalayan Sheepdog, Rampur Hound, Mudhol Hound (Face value Rs. 5 each) and Rajapalayam (Face value Rs. 15). This dog is known to live up to 12 years of age.

Appearance

Semi-adult male rajapalayam dog. Pink nose, paws & mouth. 02. Bheem the male rajapalayam.jpg
Semi-adult male rajapalayam dog. Pink nose, paws & mouth.

It is a large dog, usually measuring about 65–75 cm (25–30 inches) at the withers and weighs 30 – 45 kg It is a hound, and therefore should be kept in optimum working condition.

The Rajapalayam was bred to be the complete hunter and estate guardian and has features that allow it to excel at both,

Primarily used to hunt wild boar independent of the handler, the Rajapalayam is unique in two ways. Firstly it fulfils the functions of a bay dog as well as a catch dog, secondly the Rajapalayam can hunt by sight as well as track by scent. While hunting they can be relentless pursuers that are not intimidated by complex terrain or water bodies. After finding their prey, the dogs take it down and bring it back to the handler. If the dog is unable to bring down its prey, it injures and corners the target till the handler can get to it. This dog can hunt alone, in pairs, in a pack, or with its owner.

Rajapalayams tend to be more muscular and heavier boned than most sighthounds, but they share the depth of chest and basic body structure that exudes speed and physical ability. Its facial structure is considerably different from that of a Caravan Hound with a slightly larger head and more powerful jaws. It has a slightly curled tail.

Rajapalayam Puppies Rajapalayam Puppies.jpg
Rajapalayam Puppies

An extremely handsome and graceful dog, the Rajapalayam has a double suspension gait, similar to the trotting of a thoroughbred horse.The staple colour is milk white though faint brown markings are quite common, the pink nose is standard.

Eye color can range from golden to brown and green.Puppies born with whitish or blue eyes are almost always deaf and should not be bred. The coat is single, short, and fine so these dogs don't do well in very cold climates but excel in the heat of South India or tropics.

As with many fully white dogs, there is an incidence of deafness and it is best to check if puppies respond to noise before picking them. [3] Many Rajapalayam dogs suffer from mange, though this is usually not a serious problem, (Mange is not a skin problem and is actually caused by mites), so it is basically a care issue of preventing mites rather than a breed issue. Other than this the breed is robust and requires minimal maintenance.

Temperament

The Rajapalayam dog is courageous, intelligent and aloof, ready to boldly take on wild boars and home invaders without any hesitation. Breeders were known to kill shy and weak pups; this cruel practice has resulted in a dog that is confident, seldom shy and has a stable temperament. Spaying or neutering these pups while placing in "pet" homes would have the same impact. They are an extremely loyal one-person dog and usually do not like to be handled by strangers. However, they are friendly if socialised well and adapt well to a family "pack".

The Rajapalayam breed of dogs are considered formidable guard dogs, fiercely guarding their home, family and territory they will readily give their lives in an attempt to defend their owner. They are not timid or fearful, and will readily go on the offensive and take on any intruders head-on. Early socialization helps them to adapt to friends and other pets.

The Rajapalayam dog is intelligent and has a high prey drive, it is known to act independently without human guidance, while this trait was important when dealing with wild boar as well as guarding large estates it makes obedience training slightly more challenging than average. Despite the ban on hunting in India, the Rajapalayam has retained many of its original characteristics and does not need to be trained to guard or hunt, making them an excellent natural all-round guard dog with impressive hunting skills.

Future of the breed

The pure Rajapalayam used to only be found in isolated pockets around southern Tamil Nadu. A dog breeding unit was established at Saidapet, Chennai, during 1980–81. This unit primarily rears native breeds like the Rajapalayam, Combai, kanni, and Chippiparai. [4] To create awareness and encourage dog lovers to rear native breeds, the Animal Husbandry Department of the Government of Tamil Nadu participates in dog shows. Localities have established a cooperative and interested families are given female dogs and expertise that is required for large-scale breeding. The Indian Postal Department has brought out postage stamps on the Rajapalayam dog breed, [5] as well as the Mudhol Hound, Rampur Hound, and the Himalayan Sheepdog. The Kennel Club of India has taken up the cause of the Rajapalayam. With the club's cooperation, the "Save the Rajapalayam Project" has been launched. These initiatives have successfully brought the breed back from the brink of extinction.

It is important to research properly before purchasing or adopting a puppy because many unethical breeders are giving customers inbred and genetically compromised puppies.

See also

Related Research Articles

Beagle A breed of small scent hound developed primarily for hunting hare

The beagle is a breed of small hound that is similar in appearance to the much larger foxhound. The beagle is a scent hound, developed primarily for hunting hare (beagling). Possessing a great sense of smell and superior tracking instincts, the beagle is the primary breed used as detection dogs for prohibited agricultural imports and foodstuffs in quarantine around the world. The beagle is intelligent. It is a popular pet due to its size, good temper, and a lack of inherited health problems.

Sighthound Type of dog

Sighthounds, also called gazehounds, are a type of dog, hounds that hunt primarily by sight and speed, rather than by scent and endurance as scent hounds do.

Hound Type of hunting dog

A hound is a type of hunting dog used by hunters to track or chase prey.

Coonhound


The coonhound, colloquially the coon dog, is a type of scenthound, a member of the hound group. They are an American type of hunting dog developed for the hunting of raccoons, as well as feral pigs, wild boars, bobcats, cougars, and bears. There are six distinct breeds of coonhound.

Herding dog

A herding dog, also known as a stock dog, shepherd dog or working dog, is a type of dog that either has been trained in herding or belongs to breeds that are developed for herding.

Karelian Bear Dog Dog breed

The Karelian Bear Dog (Karjalankarhukoira) is a Finnish breed of dog. In its home country, it is regarded as a national treasure. Karelian Bear Dogs will hunt a variety of animals. Its quick reflexes and fearless nature have made it very popular for hunting large game including bears, moose, and wild boar. It was the breed's ability to hunt bears that earned the breed its name. The Karelian Bear Dog is among the top 10 most common dog breeds in Finland.

Mudhol Hound Dog breed

The Mudhol Hound, also known variously as the Maratha Hound, the Pashmi Hound and the Kathewar Dog, is a breed of sighthound from India.

Grand Bleu de Gascogne Dog breed

The Grand Bleu de Gascogne is a breed of dog of the scenthound type, originating in France and used for hunting in packs. Today's breed is the descendant of a very old type of large hunting dog, and is an important breed in the ancestry of many other hounds.

Chippiparai Dog breed

The Chippiparai is a breed of sighthound from Tamil Nadu in southern India.

Redbone Coonhound Dog breed

The Redbone Coonhound is a tenacious hunting dog used for hunting raccoon, deer, bear, boar, cougar, or any other large game. The breed originated in the Southern United States and is highlighted by their deep red coat. Described by the American Kennel Club as having "an overall impression that a master sculptor carved them from blocks of the finest mahogany," the Redbone blends an unrelenting hunter with a loving family dog.

Bully Kutta Dog breed

The Bully Kutta is a type of large dog that originated in the Indian subcontinent, dating back to the 16th century. The Bully Kutta is a working dog used for hunting and guarding. The type is popular in the Punjab region of India and Pakistan, including Haryana and Delhi, as well as Tamil Nadu.

Portuguese Podengo Dog breed

The Portuguese Podengo is hound breed from Portugal. As a breed, the Podengo is divided into three size categories that are not interbred: small (Pequeno), medium (Médio) and large (Grande). Their coats are either short and 'smooth', or longer and 'wired'. The smooth coated variety is traditional, whereas the wire coated variety is an outcome of the assimilation of various other breeds during the 20th century. In general, the breed is healthy; the Pequeno (small) variety has an average lifespan of approximately 15–17 years.

Kanni Dog breed

The Kanni (கன்னி), meaning pure, is a rare indigenous South Indian sighthound breed of dog found in the state of Tamil Nadu. Their native breeding tract is located around villages in the Tirunelveli and Thoothukudi districts. The breed is used mainly for coursing. "Kanni" refers to the black and tan and black and sable varieties, while the variety which is one colour is known as the Chippiparai. However some experts claim both Kanni and Chippiparai dogs to be distinct dogs.

Mudhol City in Karnataka, India

Mudhol is a city previously known as "'Muduoolalu"' in the Bagalkot District in the Northern part of the South Indian state of Karnataka. It is about 60 km from the district headquarters of Bagalkot and 25km from subdivision of Jamakhandi.It is famous for a breed of dog known as the Mudhol Hound. Mudhol State was ruled by the Ghorpade-Maratha royal family. Ranna Poet Born in Belagali Now That is called As RannaBelagali in Mudhol Taluk

Tyrolean Hound Dog breed

The Tyrolean Hound is a breed of dog that originated in Tyrol also called the Tiroler Bracke or Tyroler Bracke. They are scent hounds that descended from the celtic hounds in the late 1800s, mainly for their hunting skills. They are hardworking, passionate, and independent dogs not known for their size, but rather their intelligence. For that reason, hunters can regularly use these dogs to catch their prey, wounded or otherwise. Their ability to stretch over long distances, on rough hot or cold terrain for their prey is also another perk of keeping this dog by your side. Hunters do have to worry about injuries to their dog, however, along with the common injuries that these dogs obtain throughout their life, like hip dysplasia or ear infections. Barring any injuries, these dogs tend to live an energetic life for about 12-14 years, and tend to be an overall healthy and robust dog.

American English Coonhound Dog breed

The English Coonhound, also referred to as the American English Coonhound or the Redtick Coonhound, is a breed of coonhound that originated in and is typically bred in the Southern United States. It is descended from hunting hounds, especially foxhounds, brought to America by settlers during the 17th and 18th centuries. The breed's first recognition came from the United Kennel Club in 1905 as the English Fox and Coonhound. Further recognition has been granted in recent years by the American Kennel Club, first in the Foundation Stock Service and in 2011 as a fully recognized member of the hound group.

Bloodhound Dog breed used for tracking by scent

The Bloodhound is a large scenthound, originally bred for hunting deer, wild boar and, since the Middle Ages, for tracking people. Believed to be descended from hounds once kept at the Abbey of Saint-Hubert, Belgium, it is known to French speakers as le chien de Saint-Hubert. A more literal name in French for the bloodhound is le chien de sang.

Jonangi Dog breed

The Jonangi, also known as Jonangi Jagilam or Kolleti Jagilam is an Indian dog breed, majorly found in separated state of Andhra Pradesh and also in some parts of Karnataka and all along the east coast from West Bengal to Tamil Nadu. It was once abundantly found in and around Kolleru Lake of West Godavari and Krishna Districts of Andhra Pradesh. This dog has a very short and smooth hair. It is mainly used as hunting and also as herding dog by people who have this breed.

Pampas Deerhound Dog breed

Pampas Deerhound is a breed of hunting dog that is native to Brazil as also its neighboring countries, Argentina and Uruguay. This dog breed is common in Brazil, where it was first recognized by a national kennel club. Members of this dog breed helped their human masters to track, capture, and hunt deer, and thus earned the name Pampas Deerhound. This canine is still a widely preferred hunting companion to track other animals, such as wild boars.

References

  1. Raja et al "Phenotypic characterization of Rajapalayam dog of Southern India" Indian Journal of Animal Sciences 87 (4): 447–451, April 2017
  2. Raja, K. N., et al. "Cytogenetic Profile of Rajapalayam Dog Breed of Southern India." Indian Journal of Animal Research OF (2017).
  3. "Rajapalayam dog - Barks.in".
  4. "Every Dog has His Day". The Hindu . February 12, 2007. Retrieved November 16, 2014.
  5. "INDIA - CIRCA 2005: stamp printed by India, shows dog Rajapalayam, circa 2005". 2005. Retrieved 29 April 2014.