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Sir Simon Philip Baron-Cohen is a British clinical psychologist and professor of developmental psychopathology at the University of Cambridge. He is the director of the university's Autism Research Centre and a Fellow of Trinity College.
The neurodiversity paradigm is a framework for understanding human brain function that recognizes the diversity within sensory processing, motor abilities, social comfort, cognition, and focus as neurobiological differences. This diversity falls on a spectrum of neurocognitive differences. The neurodiversity paradigm argues that diversity in neurocognition is part of humanity and that some neurodivergences generally classified as disorders, such as autism, are differences and disabilities that are not necessarily pathological. Neurotypical individuals are those who fall within the average range of functioning and thinking.
The autism rights movement, also known as the autistic acceptance movement, is a social movement allied with the disability rights movement. It emphasizes the neurodiversity paradigm, viewing autism as a set of naturally occurring variations in human cognition, a disability with both strengths and weaknesses, rather than as a disease to be cured or a medical disorder. This paradigm contradicts and diverges from the medical model of disability, without opposing all aspects of it.
Jim Sinclair is an American autistic activist and writer who helped pioneer the neurodiversity movement. Sinclair, along with Xenia Grant and Donna Williams, formed Autism Network International (ANI). Sinclair became the original coordinator of ANI. Sinclair is an advocate for the anti-cure position on autism, arguing that autism is an integral part of a person's identity and should not be cured. Sinclair is intersex and uses Xe/Xem/Xyr pronouns.
Dawn Prince-Hughes is an American anthropologist, primatologist, ethologist and demonologa. She is the author of several books, including Gorillas Among Us: A Primate Ethnographer's Book of Days and her memoir Songs of the Gorilla Nation: My Journey Through Autism, and she is the editor of the essay collection Aquamarine Blue 5: Personal Stories of College Students with Autism.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to autism:
Self-advocacy is the act of speaking up for oneself and one's interests. It is used as a name for civil rights movements and mutual aid networks for people with intellectual and developmental disabilities. The term arose in the broader civil rights movements of the 1960s and 1970s, and is part of the disability rights movement. Today there are self-advocacy organizations across the world.
The Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN) is an American 501(c)(3) nonprofit advocacy organization run by and for individuals on the autism spectrum. ASAN advocates for the inclusion of autistic people in decisions that affect them, including: legislation, depiction in the media, and disability services.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or simply autism, is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by repetitive, restricted, and inflexible patterns of behavior, interests, and activities; deficits in social communication and social interaction; and the presence of high or low sensory sensitivity. A formal diagnosis requires that symptoms cause significant impairment in multiple functional domains, in addition to being atypical or excessive for the person's age and sociocultural context.
Autism-friendly means being aware of social engagement and environmental factors affecting people on the autism spectrum, with modifications to communication methods and physical space to better suit individuals' unique and special needs.
Gunilla Gerland is a Swedish author and lecturer on the topic of autism. Her written works include Secrets to Success for Professionals in the Autism Field: An Insider's Guide to Understanding the Autism Spectrum, the Environment and Your Role and her autobiography A Real Person: Life on the Outside.
The Reason I Jump: One Boy's Voice from the Silence of Autism is an autobiography attributed to Naoki Higashida, a largely nonspeaking autistic person from Japan. It was first published in Japan in 2007. The English translation, by Keiko Yoshida and her husband, English author David Mitchell, was published in 2013.
The history of autism spans over a century; autism has been subject to varying treatments, being pathologized or being viewed as a beneficial part of human neurodiversity. The understanding of autism has been shaped by cultural, scientific, and societal factors, and its perception and treatment change over time as scientific understanding of autism develops.
Discrimination against autistic people involves any form of discrimination, persecution, or oppression against people who are autistic. Despite contention over its status as a disability, discrimination against autistic people is considered to be a form of ableism.
Julia Bascom is an American autism rights activist. She is a former executive director of the Autistic Self Advocacy Network (ASAN) and replaced Ari Ne'eman as president of ASAN in early 2017 before stepping down at the end of 2023.
Matthew Belmonte is a reader in psychology at Nottingham Trent University who researches the behavior and neurophysiology of autistic individuals. He has studied the behavioral aspects of autism by providing subjects with videogames that measure several perceptual properties. Belmonte has received a $700,000 National Science Foundation grant to study this aspect, and uses MRI and EEG technology to measure brain activity of autistic and non-autistic individuals. He has an older brother with autism, and both have a fascination with order and regularity. In his essay 'Life Without Order: Literature, Psychology, and Autism', Belmonte stated that he was inspired to pursue a career in science because of his need for a single right answer.
NeuroTribes: The Legacy of Autism and the Future of Neurodiversity is a book by Steve Silberman that discusses autism and neurodiversity from historic, scientific, and advocacy-based perspectives. Neurotribes was awarded the Samuel Johnson Prize in 2015, and has received wide acclaim from both the scientific and the popular press. It was named to a number of "best books of 2015" lists, including The New York Times Book Review and The Guardian.
Shain A. Mahaffey Neumeier is an American autistic and nonbinary transgender attorney. Neumeier advocates against coercive and forced treatment, including advocacy to close the Judge Rotenberg Center, an institution for people with developmental disabilities. They are also an activist for autism rights, disability rights, and other associated causes.
Deej is a 2017 documentary about David James (DJ) Savarese, a nonspeaking autistic teenager who communicates with a voice synthesizer. The film has been criticized as using the scientifically discredited facilitated communication technique.
Current research indicates that autistic people have higher rates of LGBTQ identities and feelings than the general population. A variety of explanations for this have been proposed, such as prenatal hormonal exposure, which has been linked with sexual orientation, gender dysphoria and autism. Alternatively, autistic people may be less reliant on social norms and thus are more open about their orientation or gender identity. A narrative review published in 2016 stated that while various hypotheses have been proposed for an association between autism and gender dysphoria, they lack strong evidence.
References
- 1 2 3 4 Roach, Annie (2020-11-16). ""You Just Have to Read This…" Books by Wesleyan Authors Desai '03, Logan '16, and Savarese '86". Wesleyan University . Archived from the original on 2023-10-11. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 3 4 "Ralph James Savarese | Humanities Writ Large". Duke University . Archived from the original on 2022-09-30. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 3 4 "Ralph Savarese". Grinnell College . Archived from the original on 2023-11-30. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 "Savarese, Ralph James". Encyclopedia.com . Archived from the original on 2023-12-04. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 "Reasonable People: A Memoir of Autism and Adoption by Ralph James Savarese". Publishers Weekly . 2007-02-05. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ Chavez, Donna (2007-04-01). "Reasonable People: A Memoir of Autism and Adoption". Booklist . Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ Gabbard, Chris (2008-01-31). "Savarese, Ralph James. Reasonable People: A Memoir of Autism and Adoption". Disability Studies Quarterly . 28 (1). doi: 10.18061/dsq.v28i1.76 . ISSN 2159-8371. Archived from the original on 2023-12-17. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ Seeman, Corey. "Reasonable People". Library Journal . Retrieved 2024-03-10– via Chicago Public Library.
- ↑ "2008 Medalists". IPPY Awards . Archived from the original on 2023-01-27. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 Anderson, Erin K. (June 2012). "Book Review: Papa PhD: Essays on Fatherhood by Men in the Academy". Men and Masculinities . 15 (2): 195–197. doi:10.1177/1097184X11424911. ISSN 1097-184X.
- ↑ Merlin, Ilya (2012-06-01). "Review of Mary Ruth Marotte, Paige Martin Reynolds, and Ralph James Savarese (eds.), Papa PhD: Essays on Fatherhood by Men in the Academy". Journal of Men, Masculinities and Spirituality . 6 (2): 112–114. Archived from the original on 2024-03-11. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- 1 2 "See It Feelingly". Kirkus Reviews . 2018-06-26. Archived from the original on 2024-03-11. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ "See It Feelingly: Classic Novels, Autistic Readers, and the Schooling of a No-Good English Professor by Ralph James Savarese". Publishers Weekly . 2018-07-23. Archived from the original on 2024-03-11. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ Marchisotto, Jennifer (2020-03-11). "Review of See it Feelingly: Classic Novels, Autistic Readers, and the Schooling of a No-Good English Professor by Ralph James Savarese". Disability Studies Quarterly . 40 (1). doi: 10.18061/dsq.v40i1.7432 . ISSN 2159-8371. Archived from the original on 2023-12-16. Retrieved 2024-03-11.
- ↑ Purdy, Jessica. "A review of Republican Fathers by Ralph James Savarese". Hole In The Head. Archived from the original on 2023-11-29. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
- ↑ Verma, Jeevika (2022-04-29). "For neurodivergent, non-speaking poets, collaboration is the basis of language". NPR Books . Archived from the original on 2023-04-14. Retrieved 2024-03-10.
