The International Criminal Court is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal seated in The Hague,Netherlands. It is the first and only permanent international court with jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide,crimes against humanity,war crimes and the crime of aggression. The ICC is distinct from the International Court of Justice,an organ of the United Nations that hears disputes between states.
The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court (ICC). It was adopted at a diplomatic conference in Rome,Italy on 17 July 1998 and it entered into force on 1 July 2002. As of February 2024,124 states are party to the statute. Among other things,it establishes court function,jurisdiction and structure.
International criminal law (ICL) is a body of public international law designed to prohibit certain categories of conduct commonly viewed as serious atrocities and to make perpetrators of such conduct criminally accountable for their perpetration. The core crimes under international law are genocide,war crimes,crimes against humanity,and the crime of aggression.
The states parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court are those sovereign states that have ratified,or have otherwise become party to,the Rome Statute. The Rome Statute is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court,an international court that has jurisdiction over certain international crimes,including genocide,crimes against humanity,and war crimes that are committed by nationals of states parties or within the territory of states parties. States parties are legally obligated to co-operate with the Court when it requires,such as in arresting and transferring indicted persons or providing access to evidence and witnesses. States parties are entitled to participate and vote in proceedings of the Assembly of States Parties,which is the Court's governing body. Such proceedings include the election of such officials as judges and the Prosecutor,the approval of the Court's budget,and the adoption of amendments to the Rome Statute.
The eighteen judges of the International Criminal Court (ICC) are elected for nine-year terms by the member-countries of the court. Candidates must be nationals of those countries and they must "possess the qualifications required in their respective States for appointment to the highest judicial offices".
Daniel David Ntanda Nsereko is a Ugandan judge and legal scholar. He was a member of the Appeals Chamber of the International Criminal Court (ICC) from 2008 to 2012,and currently serves as a judge on the Special Tribunal for Lebanon.
Kimberly Prost is a Canadian jurist currently serving as a judge of the International Criminal Court,assigned to the Trial Division. She was elected to a nine-year term on December 5,2017,was sworn in on March 9,2018,and assumed full-time duty on June 11,2018.
Hans-Peter Kaul was a German international law scholar and former diplomat and lawyer. From 11 March 2003 until 1 July 2014,he served as Judge at the International Criminal Court in The Hague. At the ICC,Kaul was President of the Pre-Trial Division from 2004 until March 2009 and again in 2014,and he was the Court's Second Vice-President from 2009 to 2012. In 2014,he resigned from the ICC for health reasons but his condition became worse and he died on 21 July 2014.
The International Criminal Court investigation in Kenya or the situation in the Republic of Kenya was an investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) into the responsibility for the 2007–2008 post-election violence in Kenya. The 2007–2008 crisis followed the presidential election that was held on 27 December 2007. The Electoral Commission of Kenya officially declared that the incumbent President Mwai Kibaki was re-elected however supporters of the opposition candidate Raila Odinga accused the government of electoral fraud and rejected the results. A series of protests and demonstrations followed,and fighting—mainly along tribal lines—led to an estimated 1,200 deaths and more than 500,000 people becoming internally displaced.
The Presidency of the International Criminal Court is the organ responsible for the proper administration of the Court.
Six judges of the International Criminal Court were elected during the 10th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in New York between 12 and 21 December 2011. The judges elected,Anthony Carmona of Trinidad and Tobago,Miriam Defensor Santiago of the Philippines,Chile Eboe-Osuji of Nigeria,Robert Fremr of the Czech Republic,Olga Venecia Herrera Carbuccia of the Dominican Republic and Howard Morrison of the United Kingdom,took office on 11 March 2012.
Silvia Alejandra Fernández de Gurmendi is an Argentine lawyer,diplomat and judge. She was a judge at the International Criminal Court (ICC) from 18 November 2009 to 10 March 2018 and was the first woman President of the ICC from March 2015 to March 2018. In 2020 she was elected to serve as President of the Assembly of States Parties to Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court for the twentieth to twenty-second sessions (2021-2023).
A special election for three judges of the International Criminal Court was held during the 6th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court in New York on 30 November and 3 December 2007.
Six judges of the International Criminal Court were elected during the 13th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court held from 8 to 17 December 2014 in New York. The judges were elected for terms of nine years and took office on 11 March 2015.
A special election for one judge of the International Criminal Court was held during the resumption of the 13th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court which took place in The Hague from 24 to 25 June 2015.
Chung Chang-ho is a South Korean judge who has been serving as a judge of the International Criminal Court (ICC) since 2015. His nine-year term ended in March 2024,but he is continuing in office pursuant to Article 36 (10) of the Rome Statute to complete the trial of Alfred Yekatom and Patrice-Edouard Ngaïssona. He is the second South Korean to serve on the Court,following former president Song Sang-hyun.
The International Criminal Court investigation in the Philippines,or the situation in the Republic of the Philippines,is an ongoing investigation by the International Criminal Court (ICC) into alleged crimes against humanity committed during the Philippine drug war.
María del Socorro Flores Liera,known as Socorro Flores,is a Mexican lawyer,diplomat and judge of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague. Prior to this tenure,she was Mexico's Permanent Representative to the United Nations in Geneva.
Gocha Lordkipanidze is a Georgian lawyer,legal scholar and civil servant,who has been a judge of the International Criminal Court since 2021. He served as a deputy minister in the Ministry of Justice of Georgia from 2012 to 2020,and then as the Minister of Justice from 2020 to 2021.
Six judges of the International Criminal Court were elected during the 19th session of the Assembly of States Parties to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court held from 7 to 17 December 2020 in New York. The judges were elected for terms of nine years and took office on 11 March 2021.
