Hezbollah is a Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and militant group,led since 1992 by its Secretary-General Hassan Nasrallah. Hezbollah's paramilitary wing is the Jihad Council,and its political wing is the Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc party in the Lebanese Parliament.
Since 1980,the foreign relations of Iraq have been influenced by a number of controversial decisions by the Saddam Hussein administration. Hussein had good relations with the Soviet Union and a number of western countries such as France and Germany,who provided him with advanced weapons systems. He also developed a tenuous relation with the United States,who supported him during the Iran–Iraq War. However,the Invasion of Kuwait that triggered the Gulf War brutally changed Iraq's relations with the Arab World and the West. Egypt,Saudi Arabia,Syria and others were among the countries that supported Kuwait in the UN coalition. After the Hussein administration was toppled by the 2003 U.S. invasion,the governments that succeeded it have now tried to establish relations with various nations.
Claudia Benedikta Roth is a German politician. She was one of the two party chairs from 2004 to 2013 and previously served as one of the vice presidents of the Bundestag. She is currently serving as Federal Government Commissioner for Culture and the Media in the government of Chancellor Olaf Scholz since 2021.
Guido Westerwelle was a German politician who served as foreign minister in the second cabinet of Chancellor Angela Merkel and Vice-Chancellor of Germany from 2009 to 2011,being the first openly gay person to hold any of these positions. He also led the liberal Free Democratic Party (FDP) from 2001 until he stepped down in 2011. A lawyer by profession,he was a member of the Bundestag from 1996 to 2013.
The euro area,commonly called the eurozone (EZ),is a currency union of 20 member states of the European Union (EU) that have adopted the euro (€) as their primary currency and sole legal tender,and have thus fully implemented EMU policies.
The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf,also known as the Gulf Cooperation Council,is a regional,intergovernmental,political,and economic union comprising Bahrain,Kuwait,Oman,Qatar,Saudi Arabia,and the United Arab Emirates. The council's main headquarters is located in Riyadh,the capital of Saudi Arabia. The Charter of the GCC was signed on 25 May 1981,formally establishing the institution.
Catherine Margaret Ashton,Baroness Ashton of Upholland,is a British Labour politician who served as the High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and First Vice President of the European Commission in the Barroso Commission from 2009 to 2014.
The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy/Vice-President of the European Commission (HR/VP) is the chief co-ordinator and representative of the Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) within the European Union (EU). The position is currently held by Josep Borrell Fontelles.
The National Council of Resistance of Iran is an Iranian political organization based in France and Albania and was founded by Massoud Rajavi and Abolhassan Banisadr. The organization is a political coalition calling to overthrow the Islamic Republic of Iran. The coalition is made up of different Iranian dissident groups,with its main member being the People's Mujahedin of Iran (MEK). Both organizations are considered to be led by Maryam Rajavi.
Marit Nybakk is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party,a former First Vice-president of the Norwegian Parliament,the Storting,and a former President of the Nordic Council. From 2016 to 2018 she was President of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights,the preeminent women's and girls' rights organisation in Norway.
The accession of Kosovo to the European Union (EU) is on the current agenda for future enlargement of the EU. Kosovo is currently recognized by the EU as a potential candidate for accession.
Sayyid Ezzatollah Zarghami is Iranian conservative politician and current minister of Ministry of Cultural Heritage,Handicrafts and Tourism. He is a former military officer. Zarghami was Deputy of Minister in Culture and Islamic Ministry as well as Defence Ministry before holding office as the head of Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting from 2004 to 2014.
Ali Akbar Salehi is an Iranian academic,diplomat and former head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran,who served in this position from 2009 to 2010 and also from 2013 to 2021. He served for the first time as head of the AEOI from 2009 to 2010 and was appointed to the post for a second time on 16 August 2013. Before the appointment of his latter position,he was foreign affairs minister from 2010 to 2013. He was also the Iranian representative in the International Atomic Energy Agency from 1998 to 2003.
The P5+1 refers to the UN Security Council's five permanent members;namely China,France,Russia,the United Kingdom,and the United States;plus Germany. The P5+1 is often referred to as the E3+3 by European countries. It is a group of six world powers which,in 2006,joined together in diplomatic efforts with Iran with regard to its nuclear program.
Norbert Alois Röttgen is a German lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union (CDU). He was Federal Minister for Environment,Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety in the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel from 2009 to May 2012. From 2014 to 2021,he was Chair of the Bundestag Foreign Affairs Committee.
There have been a number of sanctions against Iran imposed by a number of countries,especially the United States,and international entities. Iran was the most sanctioned country in the world until it was surpassed by Russia following its invasion of neighboring Ukraine in February 2022.
The Eurasian Economic Union is an economic union of several post-Soviet states located in Eurasia. The Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union was signed on 29 May 2014 by the leaders of Belarus,Kazakhstan,and Russia,and came into force on 1 January 2015. Treaties aiming for Armenia's and Kyrgyzstan's accession to the Eurasian Economic Union were signed on 9 October and 23 December 2014,respectively. Armenia's accession treaty came into force on 2 January 2015. Kyrgyzstan's accession treaty came into effect on 6 August 2015. Kyrgyzstan participated in the EAEU from the day of its establishment as an acceding state.
Majid Namjoo is an Iranian politician who was the minister of energy in second cabinet of Mahmoud Ahmadinejad.
Morteza Bakhtiari is an Iranian politician who served as Minister of Justice from 2009 to 2013.
Mohammad Jahromi is a former Iranian governor and politician who served as minister of labor and social affairs from 2005 to 2009.
