The foreign relations of Iran are the economic and diplomatic relationships between the Iranian government and governments of other countries. Geography is a very significant factor in informing Iran's foreign policy. Following the 1979 Iranian Revolution,the newly formed Islamic Republic,under the leadership of Ayatollah Khomeini,dramatically reversed the pro-American foreign policy of the last Shah of Iran Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. Since then the country's policies have oscillated between the two opposing tendencies of revolutionary ardour to eliminate Western and non-Muslim influences while promoting the Islamic revolution abroad,and pragmatism,which would advance economic development and normalization of relations. Iran's bilateral dealings are accordingly sometimes confused and contradictory.
Isfahan is a major city in the Central District of the Isfahan Province of Iran. It is located 440 kilometres south of Tehran and is the capital of Isfahan Province. The city has a population of approximately 2,220,000,making it the third-largest city in Iran,after Tehran and Mashhad,and the second-largest metropolitan area.
Ali Ardeshir Larijani is an Iranian conservative politician,philosopher and former military officer in the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps,who served as the Speaker of the Parliament of Iran from 2008 to 2020. He is currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council.
Three Iranian diplomats as well as a reporter for Islamic Republic News Agency (IRNA) were abducted in Lebanon on 4 July 1982. None of them have been seen since. The missing individuals are Ahmad Motevaselian,military attachéfor Iran's embassy in Beirut;Seyed Mohsen Mousavi,chargéd'affaires at the embassy;Taghi Rastegar Moghadam,an embassy employee;and Kazem Akhavan,IRNA photojournalist. Motevaselian was also an Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) member in command of an Iranian expeditionary force in Lebanon.
Kashmar is a city in,and the capital of,the Central District of Kashmar County,Razavi Khorasan province,Iran,and also serves as capital of the county. Kashmar is located near the river Shesh Taraz in the western part of the province,and south of the province's capital Mashhad,in Iran,from east to Bardaskan,west to Torbat-e Heydarieh,north to Nishapur,south to Gonabad. Until two centuries ago,this city was named Torshiz (ترشیز).
Mostafa Pour-Mohammadi is an Iranian politician and prosecutor,who has served at different positions and cabinet posts. He was minister of interior from 2005 to 2008 and minister of justice from 2013 until 2017. Pourmohammadi is reportedly implicated in the 1988 Massacre of Iranian Prisoners.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad,born Mahmoud Sabbaghian,is an Iranian principlist and nationalist politician who served as the sixth president of Iran from 2005 to 2013. He is currently a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. He was known for his hardline views and nuclearisation of Iran. He was also the main political leader of the Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran,a coalition of conservative political groups in the country,and served as mayor of Tehran from 2003 to 2005,reversing many of his predecessor's reforms.
Seyed Abbas Araghchi is an Iranian diplomat who is the former political deputy at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran from 2017 to 2021. He previously held office as the Deputy for Asia–Pacific and the Commonwealth Affairs and Legal and International Affairs of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran. He served as Iran's chief nuclear negotiator in talks with the P5+1,in Hassan Rouhani's government.
Iran–Malaysia relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Iran and Malaysia. Iran has an embassy in Kuala Lumpur,and Malaysia has an embassy in Tehran. Both countries are members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) and the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) and have used these forums and bilateral relations to develop political ties.
Iran and South Korea have had diplomatic relations since 1962. Throughout history,the two countries have maintained a normal relationship despite South Korea's close relationship with the United States,and Iran's close relationship with North Korea. However,many South Koreans disapprove of Iran's nuclear program and its open alliance with North Korea,sometimes leading the South Korean government to sanction Iran.
Hassan Rouhani is an Iranian Islamist politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. He is also a sharia lawyer ("Wakil"),academic,former diplomat and Islamic cleric. He has been a member of Iran's Assembly of Experts since 1999. He was a member of the Expediency Council from 1991 to 2021,and also was a member of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2021. Rouhani was deputy speaker of the fourth and fifth terms of the Parliament of Iran (Majlis) and Secretary of the Supreme National Security Council from 1989 to 2005. In the latter capacity,he was the country's top negotiator with the EU three,UK,France,and Germany,on nuclear technology in Iran,and has also served as a Shia mujtahid,and economic trade negotiator.
The following lists events that happened during 2013 in the Islamic Republic of Iran.
Mehrdad Bazrpash is an Iranian principlist politician,and the current Minister of Roads and Urban Development since December 2022. He was also the President of the Supreme Audit Court from 2020 to 2022.
Sayyid Ebrahim Raisolsadati,commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi,is an Iranian principlist politician,Muslim jurist,and the eighth and current president of Iran since 3 August 2021,having been elected to the presidency in the 2021 election.
Reformists Front,formerly called Democracy Front and Front for Consolidation of Democracy,is an Iranian reformist political alliance of "little-known parties" formerly pivoted by Democracy Party.
The Excellent Order of the Islamic Republic is Iran's state decoration of honour,established by "Council of Iran Ministers" on November 21,1990. According to Article 5 of the Regulations on the Awarding of Government Orders of Iran,the Order of the Islamic Republic is awarded by the President of Iran to the heads and other officials of foreign countries,the highest executive of international organizations,or to prominent cultural,political,international characters recognized in any of the following respects:
- The exaltation of the word Islam and the spread of the intellectual foundations of the Islamic Revolution
- Defending the rights of the world's oppressed peoples
- Act to liberate their country from cultural,economic and political colonization
- Protect and preservation of their country from the aggression of superpowers or their subordinates
- Acquisition of fundamental freedoms and human rights for the people of their country
- Sensitive and appropriate support for Iran's positions on major international scenes
- Taking anti-arrogant stances
- Sincerely cooperate in establishing or developing healthy relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and the country of in charge character
- Continuously striving for peace and security and comfort in the world
The Supreme Political Council is a largely unrecognised executive body formed by the Houthi movement and the General People's Congress (GPC) to rule Yemen. Formed on 28 July 2016,the presidential council consists of nine members and was headed by Saleh Ali al-Sammad as president until his death from a drone air strike on 19 April 2018 with Qassem Labozah as vice-president. The territory that it rules consists most of the former North Yemen,which united with South Yemen in 1990.
Bilateral relations exist between the countries of Bahrain and Iran. Since the 1979 Iranian Revolution,relations between the two countries have been strained over various geopolitical issues such as the interpretations of Islam,aspirations for leadership of the Islamic world,and relations with the United States,Europe,and other Western countries. In addition,Iran has been severely critical of Bahrain for hosting the United States Fifth Fleet within the Persian Gulf at the Naval Support Activity Bahrain base.
On 22 September 2018,a military parade was attacked by armed gunmen in the southwestern Iranian city of Ahvaz. The shooters killed 25 people,including soldiers of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and civilian bystanders. It was the deadliest terrorist attack in Iran since the Chabahar suicide bombing in December 2010.
Eisa Zarepour is an Iranian conservative politician who has been serving as Minister of Information and Communications Technology since August 25,2021 in the government of President Ebrahim Raisi.
Order of Francisco de Miranda (First class) [5] 
Iran 
