Rhapsodie for saxophone and orchestra

Last updated
Rhapsodie
by Claude Debussy
Rapsodie pour orchestre et saxophone de Debussy.jpg
First edition cover page
Native nameRapsodie pour orchestre et saxophone
Other nameRhapsodie mauresque, Rhapsodie orientale
Catalogue L. 98
Composed1901-1911, Orchestrated 1919
Dedication Elise Hall
Scoring
  • alto saxophone
  • accompaniment
Premiere
Date14 May 1919 (1919-05-14)
LocationParis, France
Conductor André Caplet
PerformersPierre Mayeur (alto saxophone)

Rhapsodie for saxophone and orchestra, L.98, also known as Rhapsodie mauresque or Rhapsodie orientale, is a piece for alto saxophone and accompaniment by Claude Debussy. Completed in solo and piano form in 1911, the piece is most well known through its 1919 orchestration of the accompaniment by Jean Roger-Ducasse.

Contents

History

Commissioning a number of composers such as André Caplet and Vincent d'Indy, in 1901 American saxophonist Elise Hall had requested Debussy to compose a piece for the saxophone. [1] During the process of composition, Debussy is noted to have not looked favorably upon the abilities of either Hall nor the saxophone, and did not work on the commission for months. After a number of visits by Hall to Paris, Debussy had given her a score of Pelléas et Mélisande and continued working on Rhapsodie. [2] Debussy had finished the piece's sketches in 1908, but had resumed and completed the saxophone and piano score in 1911, eventually sending the score off to Hall.

After Debussy's death in 1918, Jean Roger-Ducasse orchestrated the piano accompaniment for a full orchestra in 1919. Rhapsodie eventually premiered on May 14, 1919, at the Salle Gaveau by the Société nationale de musique, conducted by André Caplet. Rather than Elise Hall, who at the time of the premier had become entirely deaf, Pierre Mayeur had played the solo saxophone part during the first performance. [3]

Boston Symphony performances on 12-13 February 1932 featured the orchestra's Louis Speyer playing the solo part on English horn. [4] The 11-12 November 1939 performances by Sigurd Rascher with the New York Philharmonic were of a "revised version by [conductor] Ernest Ansermet," where "Ansermet in revising the score has allotted to the saxophone some passages given by Roger-Ducasse to other wind instruments." [5]

Instrumentation

Jean Roger-Ducasse's orchestration calls for:

The 1939 NY Philharmonic performance gives the same instrumentation for Ansermet's revised version.

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References

  1. "Rhapsody for alto saxophone & ... | Details". AllMusic. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
  2. "The Incredible Story of Elise Hall's Saxophone and Debussy's Trainwreck Commission | WQXR Editorial". WQXR. 30 August 2017. Retrieved 2022-10-20.
  3. Noyes, James R. (2007). "Debussy's "Rapsodie pour orchestre et saxophone" Revisited". The Musical Quarterly. 90 (3/4): 416–445. doi:10.1093/musqtl/gdn020. ISSN   0027-4631. JSTOR   25172879.
  4. See the 1931-32 season's program book: https://archive.org/details/bostonsymphonyo193132bost/page/n6/mode/1up?view=theater
  5. New York Philharmonic concert program, 11 November 1939: https://archives.nyphil.org/index.php/artifact/4639d9dd-773c-4add-9924-c638541ade73-0.1/fullview#page/4/mode/1up