Rhein II

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Rhein II
Rhein II.jpg
Artist Andreas Gursky
Year1999
Type Photograph
Medium C-print mounted to acrylic glass
Dimensions190 cm× 360 cm(73 in× 143 in); [1]
OwnerAnonymous

Rhein II is a colour photograph made by German visual artist Andreas Gursky in 1999. [2] In the image, a river (the Lower Rhine) flows horizontally across the field of view, between flat green fields, under an overcast sky. [3] Extraneous details such as dog walkers and a factory building were removed by the artist using digital editing. [4]

Contents

In 2011, a print was auctioned for $4.3 million (then £2.7m), making it the most expensive photograph sold. Rhein II held the record until 2022, when its price was exceeded by Le Violon d'Ingres .

Production

The photograph was produced as the second (and largest) of a set of six depicting the river Rhine. [2] In the image, the Lower Rhine flows horizontally across the field of view, between flat green fields, under an overcast sky. [3] It was taken near Düsseldorf, at a location Gursky had previously photographed in 1996. [5] Dissatisfied with his earlier image, Gursky "thought about whether I ought perhaps to change my viewpoint ... In the end I decided to digitalise the pictures and leave out the elements that bothered me". [5]

Extraneous details such as dog walkers and a factory building were removed by the artist using digital editing. [4] Justifying this manipulation of the image, Gursky said "Paradoxically, this view of the Rhine cannot be obtained in situ, a fictitious construction was required to provide an accurate image of a modern river." [6] Gursky produced a very large chromogenic colour print of the photograph, mounted it onto acrylic glass, and then placed it in a frame. [6] The image itself measures 73 by 143 inches (190 cm × 360 cm), while the frame measures 81 by 151 inches (210 cm × 380 cm). [1]

Reception and sale

The print was originally acquired by the Galerie Monika Sprüth in Cologne, and subsequently bought by an anonymous German collector. [1] The collector sold the print by auction at Christie's New York on 8 November 2011, who estimated it would fetch a price of $2.5–3.5m. [1] It actually sold for $4,338,500 [1] (then about £2.7m); the identity of the buyer has not been revealed. [4]

The work has been described by arts writer Florence Waters in The Daily Telegraph as a "vibrant, beautiful and memorable – I should say unforgettable – contemporary twist on [...] the romantic landscape" [7] and by journalist Maev Kennedy in The Guardian as "a sludgy image of the grey Rhine under grey skies". [4]

Public collections

Gursky's fifth print of the photograph, which is identical but slightly smaller at 156.4 cm × 308.3 cm (61.6 in × 121.4 in), was acquired in 2000 by Tate, a British group of art museums. [5] It remains in their collection but is not on public display. [5] Another print of the same size is held at the Museum of Modern Art, in New York; it is also not on public display. [8]

See also

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References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 "Sale 2480 / Lot 44". Christie's . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  2. 1 2 "Andreas Gursky's Rhein II sets photo record". BBC News . 11 November 2011. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  3. 1 2 Skarda, Erin (11 November 2011). "And Here's the Most Expensive Photograph in the World". Time . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  4. 1 2 3 4 Kennedy, Maev (11 November 2011). "Andreas Gursky's Rhine II photograph sells for $4.3m". The Guardian . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Taylor, Rachel (February 2004). "'The Rhine II', Andreas Gursky, 1999". Tate . Retrieved 23 November 2020.
  6. 1 2 Waters, Florence (11 November 2011). "Photograph by Andreas Gursky breaks auction record". The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  7. Waters, Florence (11 November 2011). "Why is Andreas Gursky's Rhine II the most expensive photograph?". The Daily Telegraph . Retrieved 13 November 2011.
  8. "Andreas Gursky. Rhine II. 1999". Museum of Modern Art, New York. Retrieved 12 February 2021.