River Dane

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River Dane
Three Shire.jpg
The Dane at Three Shire Heads
River Dane
Location
Country England
Counties Staffordshire, Cheshire, Derbyshire
Physical characteristics
Source 
  location Axe Edge Moor
Mouth  
  location
Confluence with River Weaver
Basin features
Tributaries 
  left River Croco, River Wheelock

The River Dane is a tributary of the River Weaver that originates in the Peak District area of England. The name of the river (earlier Daven) is probably from the Old Welsh dafn, meaning a "drop or trickle", implying a slow-moving river. [1]

Contents

Course

It forms the border between first Cheshire and Derbyshire on the west and east, and then between Cheshire and Staffordshire where it then flows north-west through Cheshire before meeting the Weaver in Northwich.

The river rises close to the source of the River Goyt just to the south west of Buxton, at Dane Head on Axe Edge Moor. Flowing southwest, it forms county borders for around 10 miles (16 km) before flowing west through Congleton and past Holmes Chapel. The point on the river where the three counties meet, at Panniers' Pool Bridge, is called Three Shire Heads (sometimes Three Shires Head). [2] Passing just north of Middlewich, it merges first with the River Croco near the site of the old Roman fort in Harbutt's Field, and then with the River Wheelock near the aqueduct carrying the Trent and Mersey Canal, and runs the remaining 5 miles (8 km) north to Northwich where it flows into the River Weaver.

The River Dane is the longest, cleanest and thought to be the fastest flowing river through Cheshire. The route of the Dane is followed as closely as possible by the Dane Valley Way, a 48-mile (77 km) walking route from Buxton to Northwich. [3]

Although the main river is part of the Mersey catchment and flows into the Irish Sea, a portion of the water can be diverted via canal feeders into Rudyard Lake and subsequently the Caldon Canal. This water discharges eventually into the River Trent and ultimately into the North Sea, having crossed the English watershed. [3]

River Dane
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Dane mouth into the River Weaver
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A535 at Northwich
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Gad Brook
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A556
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Eldersbriar Brook
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Puddlinglake Brook
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Peckmill Brook
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River Wheelock
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Trent and Mersey Canal
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River Croco at Middlewich
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M6
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A50 at Holmes Chapel
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Crewe-Manchester Line
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A535
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Swettenham Brook at Swettenham
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Loach Brook
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The Howty
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A34 at Congleton
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A54
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Dane in Shaw Brook
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Cow Brook
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A54
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West Coast Main Line
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Macclesfield Canal
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Ravensclough Brook
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A523
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Shell Brook
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Danebridge
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Clough Brook
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Black Brook
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Flash Brook at Gradbach
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Robin's Clough
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Three Shires Brook at Three Shires Head
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Cumberland Brook
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Tinkerspit Gutter
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Dane Head on Axe Edge Moor

Tributaries

History

Twemlow Viaduct over the River Dane The Twemlow Viaduct 1 - geograph.org.uk - 1083009.jpg
Twemlow Viaduct over the River Dane
Hermitage Bridge over the River Dane Hermitage Bridge at Holmes Chapel.jpg
Hermitage Bridge over the River Dane

In 1451 when the River Dane flooded in Congleton, it destroyed the town's corn mill, half of the timber-framed buildings and the wooden bridge over the river. To prevent it happening again, the river was diverted away from the town. Congleton's textile industry grew from the 14th century, with many water-powered mills built along the river by the 18th century. [4]

A small stone bridge over the river near Holmes Chapel, Hermitage Bridge, was built in 1772 by a local ironmaster. [5] Some years the river floods widely across the meadows here. Nearby a tall red brick railway viaduct, built in 1841, spans the broad Dane Valley between Holmes Chapel and Twemlow. It has 23 arches and is Grade II listed. [6] It crosses the River Dane at Saltersford, where Cheshire salt traders once drove their horse-drawn carts through a ford along the toll road. [7]

Reading downstream, the following crossings are all designated listed buildings or scheduled monuments: Dane Bridge, [8] Hug Bridge, [9] Lymford Bridge (early 19th century), [10] Dane Aqueduct over the Macclesfield Canal (1830), [11] Congleton Railway Viaduct (West Coast Main Line, 1849), [12] Colley Mill Bridge, [13] Havannah Bridge (early to mid-19th century, originally leading to a cigar factory), [14] Hermitage Bridge (1772) [5] and Shipbrook Bridge. [15]

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Congleton</span> Town in Cheshire, England

Congleton is a market town and civil parish in Cheshire East, Cheshire, England. It is on the River Dane, 21 miles (34 km) south of Manchester and 13 miles (21 km) north of Stoke on Trent. At the 2021 census, the parish had a population of 28,497 and the built-up area had a population of 30,005.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">River Weaver</span> River in Cheshire, England

The River Weaver is a river, navigable in its lower reaches, running in a curving route anti-clockwise across west Cheshire, northern England. Improvements to the river to make it navigable were authorised in 1720 and the work, which included eleven locks, was completed in 1732. An unusual clause in the enabling Act of Parliament stipulated that profits should be given to the County of Cheshire for the improvement of roads and bridges, but the navigation was not initially profitable, and it was 1775 before the first payments were made. Trade continued to rise, and by 1845, over £500,000 had been given to the county.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Middlewich</span> Town in Cheshire, England

Middlewich is a town in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located 19.2 miles (30.9 km) east of Chester, 2.9 miles (4.7 km) east of Winsford, 5.3 miles (8.5 km) south-east of Northwich and 4.7 miles (7.6 km) north-west of Sandbach. The population at the 2011 Census was 13,595.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Holmes Chapel</span> Village in Cheshire, England

Holmes Chapel is a village and civil parish in Cheshire, England, 8 miles (13 km) north of Crewe and 21 miles (34 km) south of Manchester; Swettenham Meadows Nature Reserve lies 2.5 miles (4.0 km) east of the village and Goostrey lies to the north.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A54 road</span> Road in England

The A54 road is a road in England linking Tarvin in Cheshire with Buxton in Derbyshire. Its route through both urban and steep rural areas presented a challenge to Cheshire County Council in maintaining the safety of the road. Many years ago it was the main east–west route in Cheshire. The importance of the A54 through Middlewich and Winsford decreased in the 1970s and 1980s with the building of the M56 motorway and dualling of the A556 at Northwich. The section through Winsford carries approximately 30,000 vehicles per day.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Davenham</span> Human settlement in England

Davenham is a village and civil parish in Cheshire, England. It is part of the Borough of Cheshire West and Chester. It had a population of 2,745 at the 2011 census. It is in the centre of the Cheshire Plain near both the River Dane and River Weaver.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">St Luke's Church, Goostrey</span> Church in Cheshire, England

St Luke's Church is in the village of Goostrey, Cheshire, England. It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Macclesfield and the deanery of Congleton. Its benefice is combined with that of St Peter, Swettenham.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">River Croco</span> River in Cheshire, England

The River Croco is a small river in Cheshire in England. It starts as lowland field drainage west of Congleton, flows along the south edge of Holmes Chapel, and joins the River Dane at Middlewich. It is about 8 miles (13 km) long.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bradwall</span> Human settlement in England

Bradwall is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East, about 2 mi (3.2 km) northwest of Sandbach in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, and about 20 mi (32 km) south of Manchester. According to the 2011 census, the population of the entire parish was 182. The area is predominantly agricultural, with no manufacturing or retail outlets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Twemlow</span> Human settlement in England

Twemlow is a civil parish, containing the village of Twemlow Green in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2011 Official UK Census, the population of the entire civil parish was 192. Twemlow lies on the A535 road and the West Coast Mainline, which crosses the River Dane via the Grade-II-listed Twemlow Viaduct.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Swettenham</span> Village in Cheshire, England

Swettenham is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. According to the 2001 Official UK Census, the population of the entire civil parish was 248, increasing to 291 at the 2011 Census. The civil parish includes the hamlet of Kermincham.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A535 road</span> Road in England

The A535 road is a non-primary route in England that runs from Holmes Chapel, Cheshire to Alderley Edge, Cheshire. It passes through the Dane River valley. It is the main road that gives access to the Jodrell Bank Observatory and the Quinta Arboretum, planted by Sir Bernard Lovell in 1948.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel-en-le-Frith</span> Town in Derbyshire, England

Chapel-en-le-Frith is a town and civil parish in the Borough of High Peak in Derbyshire, England.

Northwich is a civil parish and a town in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains 35 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Two of these are listed at Grade I, the highest grade, and the rest at the lowest grade, Grade II; none are listed at the middle grade, Grade II*. The River Dane joins the River Weaver and the Weaver Navigation within the parish. Also passing through the parish are the A533 road, the Trent and Mersey Canal, and a railway built by the Cheshire Lines Committee. Many of the listed buildings are associated with these features.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Listed buildings in Congleton</span>

Congleton is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England. It contains 133 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest grade, four are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II. The parish contains the town of Congleton, and surrounding countryside. Passing through the parish are the Macclesfield Canal and the River Dane, and a number of listed structures are associated with these waterways. The silk and cotton weaving industries came to the town from the 18th century, and there are listed buildings associated with these, including mills and weavers' cottages. Otherwise the listed buildings include houses and cottages in the town and the country, churches and associated structures, shops, schools, a town hall, offices, and public houses. Some of the buildings date from the 16th and 17th centuries, and are timber-framed. The great majority of houses are from the late 18th and early 19th centuries, reflecting the industrial growth and prosperity in the town at this time.

Holmes Chapel is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England. It contains eleven buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest grade, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II. The parish is occupied by the large village of Holmes Chapel and the surrounding countryside. What is now the Crewe–Manchester railway line passes through the parish, and there are two listed structures associated with this, the Twemlow Viaduct and a nearby boundary post. Also running through the parish is the River Dane, and a bridge crossing it is listed. The other listed buildings are houses, cottages and farmhouses, together with a church and a public house.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dane Valley Way</span> Long-distance footpath in England

The Dane Valley Way is a long-distance footpath through Derbyshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire, England. It runs from the Pavilion Gardens in Buxton to the end of the River Dane, where it enters the River Weaver in Northwich.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Chapel Milton Viaduct</span> Bridge in Derbyshire, England

Chapel Milton Viaduct is a Grade II listed bifurcated railway viaduct on the Great Rocks Line at its junction with the Hope Valley Line, straddling the Black Brook valley in Chapel Milton, Derbyshire, England. The first section of the viaduct, built by the Midland Railway in 1867, diverges and curves to the west while the second, built in 1890, curves to the east as the line, coming up from the south, links up with the main line between Sheffield and Manchester.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dutton Locks</span>

Dutton Locks is a historic lock on the River Weaver in Cheshire, England. The locks are Grade II listed with Historic England. The locks are still in use and form a destination for walkers and cyclists. Dutton Locks is also the name of a hamlet of approximately six residences adjacent to the locks.

References

  1. Watts, Victor, ed. (2010), "Dane", The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names, Cambridge University Press
  2. Walks in the UK Peak District - Axe Edge Moor, Buxton's coal mining district
  3. 1 2 "Dane Valley Way". Long Distance Walkers Association. Retrieved 20 September 2018.
  4. "History of Congleton". Congleton Museum. Retrieved 26 March 2020.
  5. 1 2 Historic England. "Hermitage Bridge (Grade II) (1231268)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  6. Historic England. "Twemlow Viaduct (1231669)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  7. Capewell, Annabel (1996). Journey Through Time: Holmes Chapel, Cotton and Cranage. Intec Publishing. ISBN   978-1899319107.
  8. Historic England. "Dane Bridge (Grade II) (1136005)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  9. Historic England. "Hug Bridge (Grade II) (1313053)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  10. Historic England. "Lymford Bridge (Grade II) (1138904)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  11. Historic England. "Dane Aqueduct (Grade II) (1135940)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  12. Historic England. "Congleton Viaduct (Grade II) (1130485)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  13. Historic England. "Colley Mill Bridge (scheduled monument) (1006772)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  14. Historic England. "Havannah Bridge (Grade II) (1313053)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  15. Historic England. "Shipbrook Bridge (Grade II) (1138432)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 29 January 2024.

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