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The Ramayana,also known as Valmiki Ramayana,as traditionally attributed to Valmiki,is a smriti text from ancient India,one of the two important epics of Hinduism known as the Itihasas,the other being the Mahabharata. The epic narrates the life of Rama,the seventh avatar of the Hindu deity Vishnu,who is a prince of Ayodhya in the kingdom of Kosala. The epic follows his fourteen-year exile to the forest urged by his father King Dasharatha,on the request of Rama's stepmother Kaikeyi;his travels across forests in the Indian subcontinent with his wife Sita and brother Lakshmana;the kidnapping of Sita by Ravana,the king of Lanka,that resulted in war;and Rama's eventual return to Ayodhya along with Sita to be crowned king amidst jubilation and celebration.
Valmiki was a legendary poet who is celebrated as the traditional author of the epic Ramayana,based on the attribution in the text itself. He is revered as Ādi Kavi,the first poet,author of Ramayana,the first epic poem.
Dasharatha was the king of Kosala,with its capital at Ayodhya,in the Hindu epic Ramayana. Dasharatha married Kausalya,Sumitra and Kaikeyi. He was the father of Rama,the protagonist of the epic,Bharata,Lakshmana,and Shatrughna. Dasharatha also finds mention in the Vishnu Purana.
In Hinduism,Vanara are either monkeys,apes,or a race of forest-dwelling people.
Sumitra is a princess of Kashi and the queen of Kosala in the Hindu epic Ramayana. Sumitra is the second queen consort of Dasharatha,the king of Kosala,who ruled from Ayodhya. Regarded to be a wise and dedicated women,she is the mother of the twins Lakshmana and Shatrughna.
Shambuka is a character in some editions of the Ramayana. Some say that the character and his story are an interpolation which is not found in the original Valmiki Ramayana but in a later addition called Uttara Kanda.
Trishanku,born Satyavrata,is a king of the Suryavamsha featured in Hindu texts. His legend is described in the epic Ramayana. He is the father of Harishchandra.
Sundara Kanda is the fifth book in the Hindu epic Ramayana. The original Sundara Kanda is in Sanskrit,and was composed in popular tradition by Valmiki,who was the first to scripturally record the Ramayana. Sundara Kanda is the only chapter of the Ramayana in which the principal protagonist is not Rama,but Hanuman. The work depicts the adventures of Hanuman and his selflessness,strength,and devotion to Rama are emphasised in the text. Hanuman is believed to have been fondly called "Sundara" by his mother Anjani,and Sage Valmiki is stated to have chosen this name over others as the Sundara Kanda is about Hanuman's journey to Lanka.
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Rama is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the seventh and one of the most popular avatars of Vishnu. In Rama-centric Hindu traditions,he is considered the Supreme Being. Also considered as the ideal man,Rama is the male protagonist of the Hindu epic Ramayana. His birth is celebrated every year on Rama Navami,which falls on the ninth day of the bright half of the lunar cycle of Chaitra (March–April),the first month in the Hindu calendar.
Shanta,is the princess of Anga in the Hindu epic Ramayana. She is the wife of Rishyasringa. In northern recensions of the epic and later Indian literature,she is regarded as a daughter of King Dasharatha and Queen Kausalya,who was later adopted by King Romapada and Queen Vershini.
Jayanta ),is a character who appears in Hindu literature. He is the son of Indra,the king of the devas (gods),and his wife,Shachi (Indrani). He has a sister called Jayanti.
Tulsi Manas Mandir is one of the most famous temples in the holy city of Varanasi. This temple has great historical and cultural importance in Hinduism since the ancient Hindu epic Ramcharitmanas was originally written at this place by Hindu poet-saint,reformer and philosopher Goswami Tulsidas in the 16th century.
Maharshi Valmiki Sanskrit University is a university established in 2018 by the Government of Haryana at Mundri village of Kaithal district of India. It is 12 km east of Kaithal,111 km from the state capital Chandigarh,145 km from Hisar,and 164 km from the NCR New Delhi.
Mundri is a village in Kaithal tehsil of Kaithal district of Haryana in India. Mundri village is famous for Luv Kush Teerth located here.
References
- 1 2 3 Maclay, Kathleen (17 November 2016). Ramayana Translation Project turns its last page, after four decades of research . Berkeley News. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- ↑ Entry at WorldCat Identities
- ↑ Maclay, Kathleen (6 September 2017). Robert Goldman wins World Sanskrit Award for 2017 . Berkeley News. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- ↑ Profile at pathtoanandam.org. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- ↑ Events, 9 & 10 September 2009, at sici.org. Retrieved 15 October 2017.
- ↑ Faculty profile at the Department of South and Southeast Asian Studies, Berkeley
- 1 2 R.P. Goldman: Brief CV
- ↑ The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki: An Epic of Ancient India, Volume II. 13 December 2016. ISBN 9781400883103.
- ↑ The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki: An Epic of Ancient India, Volume IV. 13 December 2016. ISBN 9781400884582.
- 1 2 The Rāmāyaṇa of Vālmīki: An Epic of Ancient India, Volume VI. 24 January 2017. ISBN 9780691173986.
