Related Research Articles
The long-term effects of alcohol have been extensively researched. The health effects of long-term alcohol consumption on health vary depending on the amount consumed. Even light drinking poses health risks, but atypically small amounts of alcohol may have health benefits. Alcoholism causes severe health consequences which outweigh any potential benefits.
A sin tax is an excise tax specifically levied on certain goods deemed harmful to society and individuals, such as alcohol, tobacco, drugs, candies, soft drinks, fast foods, coffee, sugar, gambling, and pornography. In contrast to Pigovian taxes, which are to pay for the damage to society caused by these goods, sin taxes are used to increase the price in an effort to lower demand, or failing that, to increase and find new sources of revenue. Increasing a sin tax is often more popular than increasing other taxes. However, these taxes have often been criticized for burdening the poor and disproportionately taxing the physically and mentally dependent.
In a 2018 study on 599,912 drinkers, a roughly linear association was found with alcohol consumption and a higher risk of stroke, coronary artery disease excluding myocardial infarction, heart failure, fatal hypertensive disease, and fatal aortic aneurysm, even for moderate drinkers. The American Heart Association states that people who are currently non-drinkers should not start drinking alcohol.
David Justin Hanson is Professor Emeritus of Sociology at the State University of New York in Potsdam, New York. He has researched the subject of alcohol and drinking for over 30 years, beginning with his PhD dissertation investigation, and has written widely on the subject.
H. Wesley Perkins is a professor of sociology at Hobart and William Smith Colleges in Geneva, New York. He is known as the "father of social norms marketing", which is based on his theoretical formulations and development. H. Wesley Perkins received a B.A. in sociology from Purdue University, an M.Div. degree from Yale University Divinity School, and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in sociology from Yale University.
JamesGriffith Edwards CBE was a British psychiatrist.
Elbert D. Glover is an American researcher and author in the field of tobacco addiction and smoking cessation. After several academic positions, he retired as professor emeritus at the University of Maryland at College Park School of Public Health where he served as Chairperson of the Department of Behavioral and Community Health from 2005 to his retirement in 2015. Moreover, he was entrepreneur, editor, publisher, co-founder and principal owner of Health Behavior and Policy Review, and co-founder, owner, editor, and publisher of American Journal of Health Behavior and Tobacco Regulatory Science. Glover was the founder of the American Academy of Health Behavior and served as its first president from 1997 to 2001.
Wayne Denis Hall (AM) is an Emeritus Professor at the National Centre for Research on Youth Substance Use Research. He was Inaugural Professor and Director of the Centre for Youth Substance Abuse Research at the University of Queensland (2013-2016), an NHMRC Australia Fellow at the University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (2010-2013), Professor of Public Health Policy in the School of Population Health (2005–2010) and Director of the Office of Public Policy and Ethics at Institute for Molecular Biosciences (2001–2005), at the University of Queensland. He is also a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia. He has written widely on the ethical and policy issues associated with the genetics and neurobiology of addiction, mental disorders and cancer.
Hasso Spode is a German historian and sociologist.
Lee Nelken Robins was an American professor of social science in psychiatry and a leader in psychiatric epidemiology research. She was affiliated with the Washington University in St. Louis for more than 50 years from 1954 until 2007.
Lisa Anne Bero, born 1958, is an academic who originally trained in pharmacology and went on to a career studying research integrity and how clinical and basic sciences are translated into clinical practice and health policy. Bero is a Professor of Medicine and Public Health and the Chief Scientist of the Center for Bioethics and Humanities at the University of Colorado. Previously, she had been Chair of Medicines Use and Health Outcomes at the University of Sydney. From 1991 until 2014, she was Professor in the Department of Clinical Pharmacy and in the Institute of Health Policy Studies at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), and is currently an adjunct professor there. She is also Chair of the World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Medicines Committee, Director of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Pharmaceutical Research and Science Policy, and was Co-Chair of the Cochrane Collaboration from 2013 to 2017. Bero has received multiple awards for her extensive mentoring of high school students to junior faculty.
Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a toxic, psychoactive, dependence-producing, and carcinogenic substance. It is one of the most widely consumed psychoactive drugs in the world and falls under the depressant category. While the terms "drug" and "medicine" are sometimes used interchangeably, "drug" can have a negative connotation, often associated with illegal substances like cocaine or heroin, which is why the alcohol industry may argue that "alcohol is not a drug". The normalization of alcohol consumption, along with past misconceptions about its health benefits, also promoted by the industry, further reinforces the mistaken idea that it isn't a "drug". Even within the realm of scientific inquiry, the common phrase "drugs and alcohol" persists. However, this phrasing implies that alcohol is somehow separate from other drugs. Social workers address this issue by using the term "Alcohol and Other Drugs". Paradoxically, despite being legal, alcohol, scientifically classified as a drug, has demonstrably been linked to greater social harm than most illegal drug.
Charles P. O'Brien is a research scientist, medical educator and a leading expert in the science and treatment of addiction. He is board certified in neurology, psychiatry and addiction psychiatry. He is currently the Kenneth E. Appel Professor of Psychiatry, and vice chair of psychiatry, in the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania.
Alexander C. Wagenaar is professor of health outcomes and policy at the University of Florida College of Medicine, where he also serves on the graduate faculty.
Ranjit Roy Chaudhury, was an Indian clinical pharmacologist, medical academic and health planner, who headed the National Committee for formulating the policy and guidelines on drugs and clinical trials in India. He was the chairman of the joint programme of World Health Organization and Government of India on Rational Use of Drugs in India. He was the founder president of the Delhi Medical Council and the president of the Delhi Society for Promotion of Rational Use of Drugs.
Richard Grucza is an American epidemiologist and professor in the Department of Family and Community Medicine at Saint Louis University School of Medicine.
A managed alcohol program is a program meant to reduce harm for chronic alcoholics. The program involves providing a regular dose of alcohol to individuals with alcohol addiction, typically at a shelter-based harm reduction centre.
Linda Caroline Bauld is the Bruce and John Usher Chair of Public Health in The Usher Institute at the University of Edinburgh and Chief Social Policy Advisor to the Scottish government.
Katherine Margaret Keyes is an American epidemiologist. She is a professor of epidemiology at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. Her research focuses on psychiatric and substance use epidemiology across the lifecourse, including early origins of child and adult health and cross-generational cohort effects on substance use, mental health, and injury outcomes including suicide and overdose.
Richard A. Daynard is an American legal scholar. He is a University Distinguished Professor at the Northeastern University School of Law.
References
- ↑ Q-S. Gale Group. 2005. p. 302. ISBN 9780787673987.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Professor Robin Room". CAPR. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- 1 2 3 "Curriculum Vitae". Robinroom.net. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- 1 2 "Robin Room website" . Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ↑ Room, Robin; Babor, Thomas; Rehm, Jürgen (February 2005). "Alcohol and public health". The Lancet. 365 (9458): 519–530. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(05)17870-2. PMC 5936368 . PMID 15705462.
- ↑ WebMD (4 February 2005). "Study: Alcohol Kills as Many as Tobacco". Fox News. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
- ↑ "Robin Room wins DPA award for Achievement in the Field of Scholarship". International Drug Policy Consortium. 13 November 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
