Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut

Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut
Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut
	Location of Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut in Sydney
Location	Water Street, Werrington, City of Penrith, New South Wales, Australia
Coordinates	33°46′02″S150°45′39″E / 33.7672°S 150.7609°E Coordinates: 33°46′02″S150°45′39″E / 33.7672°S 150.7609°E
Built	1810–1870
Owner	Department of Planning and Infrastructure
New South Wales Heritage Register
	Official name: Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut
Type	State heritage (complex / group)
Designated	2 April 1999
Reference no.	1392
Type	Cottage
Category	Residential buildings (private)
Builders	Andrews family (attributed)

Last updated October 03, 2019

Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut is a heritage-listed former residence and farm house and now vacant building, at the corner of Water Street and Tennant Road, in the western Sydney suburb of Werrington in the City of Penrith local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was designed in a vernacular style and built from 1810 to 1870, possibly by the Andrews family. The property is owned by Department of Planning and Infrastructure, a department of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.^[1]

Greater Western Sydney Region in New South Wales, Australia

Greater Western Sydney (GWS) is a large region of the metropolitan area of Greater Sydney, New South Wales, Australia that generally embraces the north-west, south-west, central-west, and far western sub-regions within Sydney's metropolitan area and encompasses 13 local government areas: Blacktown, Canterbury-Bankstown, Camden, Campbelltown, Cumberland, Fairfield, Hawkesbury, Hills Shire, Liverpool, Parramatta, Penrith, Wollondilly and the western portion of the City of Parramatta Council. It includes Western Sydney, which has a number of different definitions, although the one consistently used is the region composed of the nine local government authorities which are all members of the Western Sydney Regional Organisation of Councils (WSROC). The NSW Government's Office of Western Sydney uses the broader Greater Western Sydney definition to refer to the region.

Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Port Jackson and extends about 70 km (43.5 mi) on its periphery towards the Blue Mountains to the west, Hawkesbury to the north, the Royal National Park to the south and Macarthur to the south-west. Sydney is made up of 658 suburbs, 40 local government areas and 15 contiguous regions. Residents of the city are known as "Sydneysiders". As of June 2017, Sydney's estimated metropolitan population was 5,230,330 and is home to approximately 65% of the state's population.

Werrington is a suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 45.8 kilometres(30 mi) west of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Penrith and is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

History

Very little is known about the history of the site. The timber slab hut appears to be very early, around the turn of the 18th century, and is very likely the original house for the property. The larger, later house is believed to have been built c. 1870 by the Andrews Family, who lived there for approximately 100 years. Nothing is known of the original inhabitants of the hut.^[1]

Description

A simple late nineteenth century four roomed cottage, originally of slab construction and now clad in fibro and masonite. The house has a steeply pitched hipped corrugated iron roof, framed with round timbers - "pole construction" - which indicates the possibility of an earlier construction date than previously thought. The return verandah to 3 sides, which has been reframed, follows the original form. There is a 1950s(?) Patio to the rear. The small windows are double hung and of 6 panes to both the upper and lower sashes, with only one original window surviving. There is a skillion addition to the rear, which houses the kitchen and bathroom. Most of the joinery has been replaced with much poorer quality joinery than the original. There is some original joinery remaining in the front room. All doors have been replaced.^[1]

Corrugated galvanised iron or steel is a building material composed of sheets of hot-dip galvanised mild steel, cold-rolled to produce a linear corrugated pattern in them. Although it is still popularly called "iron" in the UK, the material used is actually steel, and only the surviving vintage sheets may actually be made up of 100% iron. The corrugations increase the bending strength of the sheet in the direction perpendicular to the corrugations, but not parallel to them, because the steel must be stretched to bend perpendicular to the corrugations. Normally each sheet is manufactured longer in its strong direction.

Veranda roofed, open-air gallery or porch

A veranda or verandah is an Indian term which refers to the concept of a roofed, open-air gallery or porch, attached to the outside of a building. A veranda is often partly enclosed by a railing and frequently extends across the front and sides of the structure.

A sash window or hung sash window is made of one or more movable panels, or "sashes", that form a frame to hold panes of glass, which are often separated from other panes by glazing bars, also known as muntins in the US. Although any window with this style of glazing is technically a sash, the term is used almost exclusively to refer to windows where the glazed panels are opened by sliding vertically, or horizontally in a style known as a "Yorkshire light", sliding sash, or sash and case.

An early two roomed slab hut is located at the rear of the house. It is constructed of hand adzed timber slabs, scarfed at the bottoms and set into a bed log. The slabs are battened at the top to a hand hewn log. The barn has squared window openings, each containing a hinged slab "shutter" with diagonal cross brace. Inside is an early brick cooking fireplace with chimney, indicating the early use of the building as a residence. It has had a small verandah added at a later date. This hut is most likely the original house, with the more substantial house a later expansion/addition.^[1]

A chimney is an architectural ventilation structure made of masonry, clay or metal that isolates hot toxic exhaust gases or smoke produced by a boiler, stove, furnace, incinerator or fireplace from human living areas. Chimneys are typically vertical, or as near as possible to vertical, to ensure that the gases flow smoothly, drawing air into the combustion in what is known as the stack, or chimney effect. The space inside a chimney is called the flue. Chimneys are adjacent to large industrial refineries, fossil fuel combustion facilities or part of buildings, steam locomotives and ships.

Condition

As at 26 March 1999, the house has suffered extensive vandalism in recent months, and needs urgent security measures.^[1]

The Early Slab Hut is substantially intact in its structure, although the interiors have been changed. Rose Cottage has been altered and recent extensive vandalism has reduced its intactness/integrity further.^[1]

Modifications and dates

Reclad in Fibro and Masonite - possibly Inter War period;
Skillion addition to rear - possibly Inter War period;
Reroofed - Not known;
Replacement Windows - Not known;
Replacement Bathroom - c.1950s;
Internal Joinery removed - Not known;
Rear Patio with concrete slab and roof (currently corrugated green plastic) - c.1950s;
Fibro Shed to north side of patio - c.1950s;^[1]

Further information

Amendments to the Heritage Act require that the property be included on the State Heritage Register. Appropriate steps should be taken to ensure that this takes place. Stable, long term tenants, acting as care takers, are the best option for the care and protection of this property.^[1]

Heritage listing

As at 4 January 1999, Rose Cottage and the slab hut are highly significant for their association with early settlement of the Werrington district and for their continuous residential use by a single family for approximately 100 years. The early two roomed slab hut, located at the rear of the house, is most likely the original house, with the more substantial house a later expansion/addition. The timber slab hut is of very high significance as one of few surviving examples of Old Colonial Rustic Vernacular Architecture in the Sydney Metropolitan Region.^[1]

Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut was listed on the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999 having satisfied the following criteria.^[1]

The place is important in demonstrating the course, or pattern, of cultural or natural history in New South Wales.

Rose Cottage and the Early Slab Hut has State historical significance for its association with the exploration and settlement of Western Sydney and in particular, small village development along the Great Western Highway. The slab hut is of particular significance as a rare surviving example of an early pioneer's residence.^[1]

The place is important in demonstrating aesthetic characteristics and/or a high degree of creative or technical achievement in New South Wales.

Rose Cottage has aesthetic significance as an example of a mid to late nineteenth century rural cottage. The Early Slab Hut has high aesthetic significance as an example of an early nineteenth century pioneer's residence.^[1]

The place has a strong or special association with a particular community or cultural group in New South Wales for social, cultural or spiritual reasons.

Rose Cottage and the Early Slab Hut has high social significance for its association with the exploration of Western Sydney and the initial development of the Werrington district. They are also significant for their association with the Andrews Family who resided there for approximately 100 years. The site has State significance for its demonstration of a pattern of life which no longer exists, in particular, the lives of the early pioneers of Western Sydney.^[1]

The place has potential to yield information that will contribute to an understanding of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.

The Early Slab Hut has exceptionally high technical/research significance for its demonstration of early nineteenth century building techniques, particularly the use of hand adzed timber slabs in construction. Rose Cottage has some technical/research significance for its demonstration of mid to late nineteenth century building techniques.^[1]

The place possesses uncommon, rare or endangered aspects of the cultural or natural history of New South Wales.

The Early Slab Hut is a rare example of its type in the Sydney Region. Rose Cottage is a somewhat altered rural cottage, relatively uncommon today.^[1]

The place is important in demonstrating the principal characteristics of a class of cultural or natural places/environments in New South Wales.

The Early Slab Hut is representative of Colonial Rustic Vernacular Architecture. Rose Cottage is representative of nineteenth century farm houses.^[1]

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References

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut". New South Wales State Heritage Register . Office of Environment and Heritage. H01392. Retrieved 13 October 2018.

Bibliography

Not known (1986). Heritage Study of the City of Penrith.
Not Known (1986). Heritage Study of the City of Penrith.
Paul Davies Pty Ltd (1999). s.170 Register DUAP.

Attribution

This Wikipedia article was originally based on Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut , entry number 1392 in the New South Wales State Heritage Register published by the State of New South Wales and Office of Environment and Heritage 2018 under CC-BY 4.0 licence , accessed on 13 October 2018.

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[nswshr-1392-1] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "Rose Cottage and Early Slab Hut". New South Wales State Heritage Register . Office of Environment and Heritage. H01392. Retrieved 13 October 2018.