Rosemary Gillespie | |
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Born | |
Academic background | |
Education | University of Edinburgh |
Alma mater | University of Tennessee |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Evolutionary biology |
Institutions | University of California,Berkeley University of Hawaii at Manoa |
Rosemary Gillespie is an evolutionary biologist and professor of Environmental Science,Policy &Management,Division of Insect Biology at the University of California,Berkeley. [1] She was the President of the American Genetics Association in 2018 [2] and was previously President of the International Biogeography Society 2013–2015. [3] From 2011 to 2013 she had served at the president of the American Arachnological Society. [4] As of 2020 she is the faculty director of the Essig Museum of Entomology [5] and a Professor and Schlinger Chair in systematic entomology at the University of California,Berkeley. [6] Gillespie is known for her work on the evolution of communities on hotspot archipelagoes. [7] [8] [9]
She was born and raised in Scotland. In 1980,she received her B.SC in zoology at the University of Edinburgh,Scotland. [10] Gillespie moved to the United States to study the behavioral ecology of arachnids at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville where she earned her Ph.D. She then worked with the University of the South,Sewanee,Tennessee. [10] She went on to work as a postdoctoral researcher in 1987 at the University of Hawaii,working closely with The Nature Conservancy of Hawaii,based on the island of Maui. She took an appointment of Assistant Professor at the University of Hawaii at Manoa in 1992. She left Hawaii and moved to the University of California at Berkeley in 1999. As of 2002,Gillespie is the faculty director at the Department of Environmental Science,Policy and Management at UC Berkeley. [11]
External videos | |
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“The World's Biota:Rosemary Gillespie”,October 4,2017,University of California,Berkeley | |
“Ecology,Evolution,and Species Diversification in Hawaiian Islands",Rosemary Gillespie,June 7,2016,Harvard Museum of Natural History |
Gillespie's research program is aimed at understanding what drives biological diversification,particularly at the level of populations and species. [12] She uses islands of known age and isolation to assess the combined temporal and spatial dimension of biogeography and determine patterns of diversification,adaptive radiation,and associated community assembly with a focus on spiders and insects. Most of her work has been in the Hawaiian Islands,though she has also worked in French Polynesia,Fiji,Pohnpei,and Kosrae. Themes include adaptive radiation and community assembly on islands with emphasis on patterns of repeated evolution of similar forms,the rate of species accumulation and approach to equilibrium within an island system,and mechanisms of dispersal to the islands. [13] Most of her work has been on spiders,in particular species in the genus Tetragnatha (Tetragnathidae). She also works on the evolution of diversity within species,with the primary focus here on color polymorphism in the Hawaiian Happy face spider which has evolved the same color polymorphism independently on different islands,and the research aims to uncover the molecular basis for the modification. [14] She currently has a large program examining the importance of priority,sequence,abundance,and interaction strengths in determining how biological communities develop, [15] and how this might render them resilient to intrusion by non-native species.
Gillespie led "Exploring California Biodiversity" (2003-2016),a National Science Foundation (NSF)-funded museum and field-based outreach program focused on graduate fellows and high-school/middle-school students in minority-dominated urban schools in the Bay Area. [16] The project forged connections between the university and the surrounding community,enriching K-12 science education,and training graduate students to be better communicators of science. Prior to moving to UC Berkeley she was part of an effort for Using Hawaii's Unique Biota for Biology Education,an NSF program that worked with underrepresented Pacific Island students. [17] She also led or co-led several programs to encourage participation of underrepresented minorities in higher education,including an NSF-funded Undergraduate Mentoring in Environmental Biology program that encouraged Pacific Islander undergraduates to undertake field and laboratory research in biology. [18] She was awarded NSF's Presidential Award for Excellence in Science,Mathematics,and Engineering Mentoring (PAESMEM) in Nov 2005. [19]
Peter Raymond Grant and Barbara Rosemary Grant are a British married couple who are evolutionary biologists at Princeton University. Each currently holds the position of emeritus professor. They are known for their work with Darwin's finches on Daphne Major,one of the Galápagos Islands. Since 1973,the Grants have spent six months of every year capturing,tagging,and taking blood samples from finches on the island. They have worked to show that natural selection can be seen within a single lifetime,or even within a couple of years. Charles Darwin originally thought that natural selection was a long,drawn out process but the Grants have shown that these changes in populations can happen very quickly.
Peripatric speciation is a mode of speciation in which a new species is formed from an isolated peripheral population. Since peripatric speciation resembles allopatric speciation,in that populations are isolated and prevented from exchanging genes,it can often be difficult to distinguish between them. Nevertheless,the primary characteristic of peripatric speciation proposes that one of the populations is much smaller than the other. The terms peripatric and peripatry are often used in biogeography,referring to organisms whose ranges are closely adjacent but do not overlap,being separated where these organisms do not occur—for example on an oceanic island compared to the mainland. Such organisms are usually closely related;their distribution being the result of peripatric speciation.
Theridion grallator,also known as the Hawaiian happy-face spider,is a spider in the family Theridiidae that resides on the Hawaiian Islands. T. grallator gets its vernacular name of "Hawaiian happy-face spider" from the unique patterns superimposed on its abdomen,specifically those that resemble a human smiling face. T. grallator is particularly notable because of its wide range of polymorphisms that may be studied to allow a better understanding of evolutionary mechanisms. In addition to the variety of color polymorphisms present,T. grallator demonstrates the interesting quality of diet-induced color change,in which its appearance temporarily changes as it metabolizes various food items.
Elwood Curtin Zimmerman was an American entomologist best known for his two multivolume series:Insects of Hawaii published by the University of Hawaiʻi Press and Australian Weevils published by Australia's CSIRO.
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