Roshan Cools

Last updated
Roshan Cools

Born (1975-06-10) 10 June 1975 (age 47)
Alma mater University of Groningen (MA)
University of Cambridge (PhD)
Awards Royal Society University Research Fellowship
Scientific career
Fields Cognitive neuroscience [1]
Institutions University of Cambridge
University of California, Berkeley
Radboud University Nijmegen
Thesis Parkinson's disease as a model of dopamine-dependent fronto-striatal cognitive dysfunction  (2003)
Doctoral advisor Trevor Robbins
Website roshancools.com

Roshan Cools (born 10 June 1975) is a Professor of Cognitive Neuropsychiatry at Radboud University Nijmegen. [1] She is interested in the motivational and cognitive control of human behaviour and how it is impacted by neuromodulation. She was elected to the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2018.

Contents

Early life and education

Cools was born in the Netherlands. Her father was a brain scientist and she recalls conversations about the brain and dopamine at the dinner table. [2] Cools studied neuropsychology at the University of Groningen. She graduated cum laude in 1998 and moved to the United Kingdom. Cools worked with Trevor Robbins at the University of Cambridge on Parkinson's disease for her PhD awarded in 2002. [3]

Career and research

After earning her doctoral degree she worked as a Junior Research fellow and Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Fellow at St John's College, Cambridge. She moved to the University of California, Berkeley, where she spent two years as a postdoctoral fellow with Mark D'Esposito. [4] She won a Royal Society University Research Fellowship which was based at the University of Cambridge.

In 2007 Cools moved back to the Netherlands, where she worked in the Centre for Cognitive Neuroimaging in the Donders Institute for Brain. At the Radboud University Nijmegen Cools leads the Motivational and Cognitive Control Lab. [5] She was promoted to Full Professor in 2011. She studies the role of neuromodulators (dopamine and serotonin) in the control of decision making. [6] [7] She showed that the genes associated with dopamine impact how we learn from the long-term consequences of decisions, whilst serotonin is more strongly associated with short-term choices. [8] She has also shown that people who gamble have increased levels of dopamine in their brains, whilst people who are addicted to drugs have average or lower than normal levels of dopamine. [9]

She used her expertise in decision making to show that dominant individuals are avid social learners; whilst they value their independence, they rely on social learning in complex decision making tasks. [10] She is interested in advancing understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders, including impulse control disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Parkinson's disease. [6] She demonstrated that people suffering from schizophrenia have motivation deficits from very early stages of their diagnoses, which are unrelated to their treatments. [11]

Cools is interested in the mechanisms by which we exert willpower and what happens to willpower in people with ADHD. [12] [13] She believes that the goals that are characteristic of human behaviour can be classified as motivational (i.e. maximise reward) and cognitive (i.e. complete task). Her research considers the interactions between motivational and cognitive control. [13] Cools demonstrated that the neural networks of psychopathic criminals are different to that or normal people, with a strong focus on reward and a lack of self-control. [14]

She was appointed to the Advisory Council for Science and Technology Policy to the Dutch government in 2014. [15]

Awards and honours

Her awards and honours include;

She delivered a TED Talk at Radboud University Nijmegen in 2013. [21]

Selected publications

Her publications include;

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dopamine</span> Organic chemical that functions both as a hormone and a neurotransmitter

Dopamine is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. It is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families. Dopamine constitutes about 80% of the catecholamine content in the brain. It is an amine synthesized by removing a carboxyl group from a molecule of its precursor chemical, L-DOPA, which is synthesized in the brain and kidneys. Dopamine is also synthesized in plants and most animals. In the brain, dopamine functions as a neurotransmitter—a chemical released by neurons to send signals to other nerve cells. Neurotransmitters are synthesized in specific regions of the brain, but affect many regions systemically. The brain includes several distinct dopamine pathways, one of which plays a major role in the motivational component of reward-motivated behavior. The anticipation of most types of rewards increases the level of dopamine in the brain, and many addictive drugs increase dopamine release or block its reuptake into neurons following release. Other brain dopamine pathways are involved in motor control and in controlling the release of various hormones. These pathways and cell groups form a dopamine system which is neuromodulatory.

The mesolimbic pathway, sometimes referred to as the reward pathway, is a dopaminergic pathway in the brain. The pathway connects the ventral tegmental area in the midbrain to the ventral striatum of the basal ganglia in the forebrain. The ventral striatum includes the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dopaminergic pathways</span> Projection neurons in the brain that synthesize and release dopamine

Dopaminergic pathways in the human brain are involved in both physiological and behavioral processes including movement, cognition, executive functions, reward, motivation, and neuroendocrine control. Each pathway is a set of projection neurons, consisting of individual dopaminergic neurons.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dopamine receptor</span> Class of G protein-coupled receptors

Dopamine receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are prominent in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). Dopamine receptors activate different effectors through not only G-protein coupling, but also signaling through different protein interactions. The neurotransmitter dopamine is the primary endogenous ligand for dopamine receptors.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arvid Carlsson</span>

Arvid Carlsson was a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease. For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000, together with Eric Kandel and Paul Greengard.

Hypokinesia is one of the classifications of movement disorders, and refers to decreased bodily movement. Hypokinesia is characterized by a partial or complete loss of muscle movement due to a disruption in the basal ganglia. Hypokinesia is a symptom of Parkinson's disease shown as muscle rigidity and an inability to produce movement. It is also associated with mental health disorders and prolonged inactivity due to illness, amongst other diseases.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henkjan Honing</span> Dutch researcher

Henkjan Honing is a Dutch researcher. He is professor of Music Cognition at both the Faculty of Humanities and the Faculty of Science of the University of Amsterdam. He conducts his research under the auspices of the Institute for Logic, Language and Computation, and the University of Amsterdam's Brain and Cognition center.

The Radboud University Medical Center, is the teaching hospital affiliated with the Radboud University Nijmegen, in the city of Nijmegen in the eastern-central part of the Netherlands.

The Donders Centre for Cognition is a research institute for cognitive science, neuroscience and information technology. It was founded in 1986 as an integral part of the Faculty of Social Sciences at the Radboud University Nijmegen in The Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ann Graybiel</span> American neuroscientist

Ann Martin Graybiel is an Institute Professor and a faculty member in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She is also an investigator at the McGovern Institute for Brain Research. She is an expert on the basal ganglia and the neurophysiology of habit formation, implicit learning, and her work is relevant to Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, obsessive–compulsive disorder, substance abuse and other disorders that affect the basal ganglia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Parkinson's disease</span> Long-term degenerative neurological disorder

Parkinson's disease (PD), or simply Parkinson's, is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system. The symptoms usually emerge slowly, and as the disease worsens, non-motor symptoms become more common. The most obvious early symptoms are tremor, rigidity, slowness of movement, and difficulty with walking. Cognitive and behavioral problems may also occur with depression, anxiety, and apathy occurring in many people with PD. Parkinson's disease dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease. Those with Parkinson's can also have problems with their sleep and sensory systems. The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra, a region of the midbrain, leading to a dopamine deficit. The cause of this cell death is poorly understood, but involves the build-up of misfolded proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons. Collectively, the main motor symptoms are also known as parkinsonism or a parkinsonian syndrome.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Jos van der Meer</span> Dutch scientist

Jos W.M. van der Meer is emeritus professor and former chairman at the department of internal medicine of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre in Nijmegen, Netherlands. He is a member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, of which he was vice president and chairman of the division of natural sciences (2006-2012). He is a member of Academia Europaea. Between 2014 and 2016 he was president of European Academies Science Advisory Council (EASAC). He performs research on cytokines and host defence, chronic fatigue syndrome and hyper-immunoglobulinemia D syndrome (HIDS). He is also active in graphic art and makes cartoons, for example for the Dutch science journal Mediator.

Monique Maria Bernadette Breteler is a Dutch neuroepidemiologist. She is Director of Population Health Sciences at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Professor of Population Health Sciences at the University of Bonn, and Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston, Massachusetts. She has been a foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences since 2015.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anne Cutler</span> Australian psycholinguist and educator (1945–2022)

Elizabeth Anne CutlerFRS FBA FASSA was an Australian psycholinguist, who served as director emeritus of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics. A pioneer in her field, Cutler's work focused on human listeners' recognition and decoding of spoken language. Following her retirement from the Max Planck Institute in 2012, she took a professorship at the MARCS Institute for Brain, Behaviour and Development, Western Sydney University.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Harold Bekkering</span> Dutch professor of cognitive psychology

Harold Bekkering is a Dutch professor of cognitive psychology at the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour of the Radboud University Nijmegen. His research has covered many different ways of learning, ranging from basic sensorimotor learning to complex forms of social learning. Lately, he aims to implement knowledge about human learning in educational settings.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Eveline Crone</span> Dutch professor of cognitive neuroscience

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mihai Netea</span>

Mihai G. Netea is a Romanian Dutch physician and professor at Radboud University Nijmegen, specialized in infectious disease, immunology, and global health.

Ole Jensen is a Danish neuroscientist and professor of translational neuroscience at the School of Psychology, University of Birmingham. He is known for his research work on applying magnetoencephalography to study the functioning of human brain.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anders Björklund</span> Swedish histologist (born 1945)

Anders Björklund' is a Swedish neuroscientist and pioneer in the study of cell- and gene-based reparative and neuroprotective mechanisms in the brain. He has spent his academic career at Lund University in Sweden, as professor since 1983 and as senior professor at the Wallenberg Neuroscience Center since his formal retirement in 2012.

Aslı Özyürek is a linguist, cognitive scientist and psychologist. She is professor at the Center for Language Sciences and the Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour at Radboud University Nijmegen, and incoming Director of the Multimodal Language Department of the Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics.

References

  1. 1 2 Roshan Cools publications indexed by Google Scholar OOjs UI icon edit-ltr-progressive.svg
  2. ↑ "224: Dr. Roshan Cools: Keeping the Big Picture in Mind Studying Motivational and Cognitive Control". People Behind the Science Podcast. 2015-02-25. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  3. ↑ Cools, Roshan (2002). Parkinson's disease as a model of dopamine-dependent fronto-striatal cognitive dysfunction. cam.ac.uk (PhD thesis). University of Cambridge. OCLC   894596030. EThOS   uk.bl.ethos.620707.
  4. ↑ "OHBM2019 Keynotes: Roshan Cools". organization for human brain mapping. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  5. ↑ "Motivational & Cognitive Control". Motivational & Cognitive Control. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  6. 1 2 3 "Roshan Cools | F1000 Faculty Member | F1000Prime". f1000.com. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  7. ↑ OHBM 2019 Keynote Interview: Q&A with Roshan Cools , retrieved 2019-10-14
  8. ↑ Executive; Careers (2013-11-25). "A new look at the "carrot and stick" approach to motivation | Financial Post". Financial Post. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  9. ↑ Budding, Redactie Medicalfacts/ Janine (2017-08-29). "Gokverslaving wezenlijk anders dan drugsverslaving". MedicalFacts.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  10. ↑ "Dominant people can be surprisingly social". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  11. ↑ "Lack Of Motivation In Schizophrenia Linked To Brain Chemical Imbalance". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  12. ↑ "Roshan Cools - Language In Interaction". www.languageininteraction.nl. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  13. 1 2 3 "JSMF - Grant Archive - 2012 - Roshan Cools - Understanding motivation and cognition: Combining psychology and neuropharmacology - Understanding Human Cognition". www.jsmf.org. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  14. ↑ "Brain network of psychopathic criminal functions differently". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  15. ↑ "Featured Speakers - Organization for Human Brain Mapping". www.humanbrainmapping.org. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  16. ↑ "Toekenningen Vici 2014". www.nwo.nl. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  17. ↑ "Roshan Cools". Academia Europaea. Archived from the original on 28 March 2019.
  18. ↑ "Ammodo KNAW Awards for Roshan Cools, Olivier Hekster and Alicia Montoya". Faculty of Social Sciences. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  19. ↑ "Roshan Cools and Guillén Fernández new KNAW members". Donders Institute. Retrieved 2019-10-14.
  20. ↑ "Roshan Cools". Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. Archived from the original on 11 April 2020.
  21. ↑ Trusting Science: Roshan Cools at TEDxRadboudU 2013 , retrieved 2019-10-14
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