Roslin Castle (1819 ship)

Last updated

History
Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom
NameRoslin Castle
Namesake Roslin Castle
Builder Bristol
Launched1819
General characteristics
Tons burthen450 [1] (bm)
Length116 ft (35 m)
Beam29 ft 5 in (8.97 m)
PropulsionSail

Roslin Castle (also called Roslyn Castle) was a barque of 450 tons built in 1819 at Bristol. [2] She was a merchant ship that also made five voyages transporting convicts to Australia. Described as a single decker, her hull was sheathed in copper in 1823 and was sheathed in patent felt and copper over-boards in 1828. She later served as a whaling vessel out of Sydney, Australia.

Career

In early 1828, she traded in Jamaican waters.

First convict voyage (1828): Captain John Duff sailed Roslin Castle from The Downs on 19 August 1828 and arrived at Hobart Town on 16 December. [1] [ full citation needed ] She had embarked 176 male convicts; two convicts died during the voyage. [3]

Second convict voyage (1830): Captain Henry Ferguson sailed from The Downs on 3 March 1830. She lost her main mast and mizzen top mast in a sudden squall off St. Paul's on 3 June. The ship became leaky and the confines were constantly wet. She arrived at Port Jackson on 29 June. [4] She had embarked 128 female convicts, none of whom died on the voyage. [5]

Third convict voyage (1832–1833): Captain William Richards sailed from Cork, Ireland, on 8 October 1832 and arrived at Port Jackson on 16 December. [6] She had embarked 195 male convicts; one convict died during the voyage. [7] The surgeon-superintendent on this voyage was George Imlay.

Fourth convict voyage (1834): Captain Richards left London on 22 May 1834 and arrived at Port Jackson on 15 September. [8] Roslin Castle had embarked 232 male convicts. Three convicts died during the voyage. [9]

Fifth convict voyage (1835–1836): Captain Richards left Cork on 28 October 1835. She arrived at Port Jackson on 25 February 1836. [8] Roslin Castle had embarked 165 female convicts. Three convicts died during the voyage. [10]

In March 1836, it was announced in the press the vessel was to be fitted out for a whaling voyage to Cloudy Bay, New Zealand, under charter to Messrs Long & Co. [11]

A whaling voyage (1836-1837):Roslyn Castle departed Sydney 29 April 1836 under the command of Captain William Richards for New Zealand. [12] She first went to Akaroa and by 15 June was reported at Cloudy Bay with "1 fish." [13] Then it was to the Chatham Islands before going to Kapiti where they arrived on 13 July. The vessel was reported off the Three Kings, at the Bay of Islands, at Banks Peninsula and elsewhere off the coast of New Zealand. She returned to Sydney 7 November 1837 with a reported 3,500 barrels of oil aboard, of which 500 was sperm whale oil, plus 12 tons of “whale bone” (baleen). This was declared by The Sydney Gazette to be, "the largest cargo we believe ever brought into this port from our whale fishery.”. [14]

On 2 August 1838, the vessel was purchased in Sydney for £2,200 by Robert Duke & Co. [15] At first it was planned to send her whaling again. This was changed instead to a voyage to London. She departed Sydney 20 January 1839 for London, with a general cargo and a few passengers. [16]

Related Research Articles

<i>Britannia</i> (1783 whaler)

Britannia was a 301 burthen ton full-rigged whaler built in 1783 in Bridport, England, and owned by the whaling firm Samuel Enderby & Sons. She also performed two voyages transporting convicts to Port Jackson. She was wrecked in 1806 off the coast of New South Wales.

<i>Surry</i> (1811 ship)

Surry, also known as Surrey, was a square-rigged transport ship, which had an especially long career transporting convicts to Australia. In 11 voyages, the most of any convict transport, she brought 2,177 convicts, male and female, and so became one of the best-known of the vessels that visited Australia. In all, she lost 51 men and one woman during her various passages, 46 of the men dying during her first and most notorious voyage in 1814 when she was under the command of James Patterson. The high death toll on her first voyage led to a Board of Enquiry, which blamed neglect by the Master and Surgeon.

William and Ann, was built at a King's Yard in 1759, under another name. From 1786 until 1791 she was a whaler in the northern whale fishery. In 1791 she transported convicts to New South Wales and then began whale hunting around New Zealand; she returned to England in 1793. Circa 1801 she again became a whaler in the northern whale fishery, sailing from Leith. She continued whaling until 1839. She then began trading widely, to Bahia, Bombay, Archangel, Spain, Honduras, and the Mediterranean. She was last listed in 1857, having been in service for over 90 years.

Archduke Charles was built in Newcastle, England in 1809. She was sheathed in copper in 1810 and partially resheathed with copper in 1812. She made one voyage transporting convicts from Ireland to New South Wales, and on her return voyage to Britain she carried a cargo from China for the British East India Company (EIC). She was wrecked in 1816 while carrying troops from Quebec to Nova Scotia.

Albion was a full-rigged whaler built at Deptford, England, and launched in 1798. She made five whaling voyages to the seas around New South Wales and New Zealand. The government chartered her in 1803 to transport stores and cattle, to Risdon Cove on the River Derwent, Tasmania.

Speedy was a whaler launched on the Thames in 1779. She also made voyages to New South Wales, transporting female convicts in 1799. She made two voyages transporting enslaved people in 1805 and 1806, and was captured in January 1807, on her way into London after having delivered her captives to Antigua in 1806.

John Barry was a three-masted merchant ship, convict transport, and immigrant transport built in 1814 at Whitby, England by John Barry for his own interests. A typhoon damaged her in 1841 and at last report she was an opium hulk at Hong Kong.

Warren Hastings was built in 1789 at Calcutta, India. Her registry was transferred to Great Britain in 1796. In 1805 she was sold and her new owners renamed her Speke. She made three voyages transporting convicts from Britain to New South Wales. After her first convict voyage she engaged in whaling.

Blenheim was built in 1834 at Jarrow, England. She made three voyages transporting convicts to Australia. She also carried emigrants to New Zealand. She otherwise carried ordinary valuable cargo and in one of such voyages came across what has since been named Blenheim Reef, in the Indian Ocean. She disappeared without a trace, presumed foundered, after August 1846.

Andromeda was built in Sunderland, England in 1819. Initially she made one voyage to India, sailing under a licence from the British East India Company. She then started sailing to Australia, carrying voluntary and involuntary migrants. She made four voyages transporting convicts: one voyage to Van Diemen's Land and three to New South Wales. She continue to trade, primarily to Australia. Her last voyage was to Ichaboe Island. She was last listed in 1847.

Westmoreland was built in 1832 at Lynn. She made three voyages transporting convicts to New South Wales. She was last listed in 1847.

City of Edinburgh was a merchant ship built at Bengal in 1813. She transferred to British registry and sailed between Britain and India. She made two voyages transporting convicts from Ireland to Australia. Later, she made a whaling voyage to New Zealand. She was wrecked in 1840.

Elizabeth was a merchant ship built at Dartmouth, England in 1805. She made one voyage in 1836, transporting convicts from England to Australia. She was condemned in 1838.

Eliza was a merchant ship built in British India, probably in 1804. Between 1819 and 1831 she made five voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. In between, she also made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC). Her crew abandoned her at sea in 1836 as she was leaking uncontrollably.

Henry Wellesley was a barque built in 1804 by Bacon, Harvey & Company at Calcutta, British India. In 1808 a French privateer captured her, but she returned to British ownership. Between 1820 and 1824 she was a whaler that made three voyages to the British southern whale fishery. Later, she twice transported women convicts from England to Port Jackson, New South Wales. She was wrecked near Calais in 1841.

Janus was launched at New York in 1810. Between 1819 and 1820 she transported female convicts to Port Jackson. Thereafter, she went on a whaling voyage. She later spent some years sailing between Falmouth and Quebec, and was last listed in 1832.

James Pattison was a merchant sailing ship built in 1828 upon the River Thames, England. She made one voyage for the British East India Company (EIC), and two transporting convicts to New South Wales. She also made several voyages carrying immigrants. She burnt to the waterline after her cargo ignited en route from Sydney to England in 1840.

Portsea was launched at Calcutta in 1807. She was a country ship; that is, she primarily traded east of the Cape of Good Hope. She participated as a transport in the British invasion of Mauritius. She then carried French prisoners of war to France. She also made one voyage to St Helena from Bengal under charter to the British East India Company (EIC). In 1814 a storm dismasted her and she was lengthened, but it is not clear whether before or after the dismasting. She made two voyages as a South Seas whaler between 1828 and 1835. In 1838 she made one voyage transporting convicts to New South Wales. She carried coal to Valparaiso in 1840 and there her owners turned her into a coal hulk. Her final fate is not known.

Regalia was launched at Sunderland in 1811. In 1819 she made a voyage to Calcutta, sailing under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). She also sailed to New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land. From Sydney she engaged in several sealing hunting voyages to the waters around Macquarie Island. In 1826 she transported convicts from Dublin to New South Wales. From 1831 until 1852, when she was wrecked at Davis Strait, Regalia was a whaler in the northern whale fishery.

Mangles was built in Calcutta in 1803 and immediately sailed for England. Including that voyage, she made a total of six voyages as an "extra ship" for the British East India Company (EIC). Between her first as second voyages for the EIC a French privateer captured her. Mangles also made nine voyages transporting convicts to Australia: eight voyages to Port Jackson, one to Hobart Town, and one in which she delivered some convicts to Port Jackson but carried most of her charges to Norfolk Island. She was last listed in 1844.

References

  1. 1 2 Bateson (1959), pp.310–1.
  2. ↑ Ronald Parsons, Ships of Australia and New Zealand before 1850, Part Two, K-Z, Magill, 1983, p.49.
  3. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.331.
  4. ↑ Bateson (1959), pp.298–9.
  5. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.332.
  6. ↑ Bateson (1959), pp.300–1.
  7. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.333.
  8. 1 2 Bateson (1959), pp.302–3.
  9. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.334.
  10. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.335.
  11. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 26 March 1836, p.3.
  12. ↑ Ian Nicholson Shipping arrivals and departures, Sydney, 1826-1840, Roebuck, Canberra, 1981, p.144.
  13. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 30 July 1836
  14. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 9 November 1837, p.2.
  15. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 4 August 1838, p.2
  16. ↑ Nicholson, p.178.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.