Roslin Castle (1819 ship)

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History
Civil Ensign of the United Kingdom.svgUnited Kingdom
Name:Roslin Castle
Namesake: Roslin Castle
Builder: Bristol
Launched: 1819
General characteristics
Tons burthen: 450 [1] (bm)
Length: 116'
Beam: 29' 5"
Propulsion: Sail

Roslin Castle (also called Roslyn Castle) was a barque of 450 tons built in 1819 at Bristol. [2] She was a merchant ship that also made five voyages transporting convicts to Australia. She was described as a single decker. Her hull was sheathed in copper in 1823 and was sheathed in patent felt and copper over boards in 1828. She later served as a whaling vessel out of Sydney, Australia.

Career

In early 1828, she traded in Jamaican waters.

First convict voyage (1828): Captain John Duff sailed Roslin Castle from The Downs on 19 August 1828 and arrived at Hobart Town on 16 December. [1] [ full citation needed ] She had embarked 176 male convicts; two convicts died during the voyage. [3]

The Downs (ship anchorage)

The Downs are a roadstead in the southern North Sea near the English Channel off the east Kent coast, between the North and the South Foreland in southern England. In 1639 the Battle of the Downs took place here, when the Dutch navy destroyed a Spanish fleet which had sought refuge in neutral English waters. From the Elizabethan era onwards, the presence of the Downs helped to make Deal one of the premier ports in England, and in the 19th century, it was equipped with its own telegraph and timeball tower to enable ships to set their marine chronometers.

Second convict voyage (1830): Captain Henry Ferguson sailed from The Downs on 3 March 1830. She lost her main mast and mizzen top mast in a sudden squall off St. Paul's on 3 June. The ship became leaky and the confines were constantly wet. She arrived at Port Jackson on 29 June. [4] She had embarked 128 female convicts, none of whom died on the voyage. [5]

Île Saint-Paul island in the southern Indian Ocean

Île Saint-Paul is an island forming part of the French Southern and Antarctic Lands in the Indian Ocean, with an area of 6 km2. The island is located about 85 km (46 nmi) southwest of the larger Île Amsterdam, 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) northeast of the Kerguelen Islands, and 3,000 km (1,600 nmi) southeast of Réunion. It is an important breeding site for seabirds. A scientific research cabin on the island is used for scientific or ecological short campaigns, but there is no permanent population. It is under the authority of a senior administrator on Réunion.

Port Jackson Part of Sydney Harbour, Australia

Port Jackson, consisting of the waters of Sydney Harbour, Middle Harbour, North Harbour and the Lane Cove and Parramatta Rivers, is the ria or natural harbour of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The harbour is an inlet of the Tasman Sea. It is the location of the Sydney Opera House and Sydney Harbour Bridge. The location of the first European settlement and colony on the Australian mainland, Port Jackson has continued to play a key role in the history and development of Sydney.

Third convict voyage (1832–1833): Captain William Richards sailed from Cork, Ireland, on 8 October 1832 and arrived at Port Jackson on 16 December. [6] She had embarked 195 male convicts; one convict died during the voyage. [7] The surgeon-superintendent on this voyage was George Imlay.

Cork (city) City in Munster, Ireland

Cork is a city in south-west Ireland, in the province of Munster, which had a population of 125,657 in 2016.

George Imlay (1794–1846), together with his brothers Alexander (1794-1847) and Peter (1797–1881), was a Scottish-born pioneer settler in southern New South Wales. All three reached Australia as military surgeons serving on convict ships. They operated in the region as pastoralists, whalers and shipbuilders.

Fourth convict voyage (1834): Captain Richards left London on 22 May 1834 and arrived at Port Jackson on 15 September. [8] Roslin Castle had embarked 232 male convicts. Three convicts died during the voyage. [9]

Fifth convict voyage (1835–1836): Captain Richards left Cork on 28 October 1835. She arrived at Port Jackson on 25 February 1836. [8] Roslin Castle had embarked 165 female convicts. Three convicts died during the voyage. [10]

In March 1836, it was announced in the press the vessel was to be fitted out for a whaling voyage to Cloudy Bay, New Zealand, under charter to Messrs Long & Co. [11]

A whaling voyage (1836-1837):Roslyn Castle departed Sydney 29 April 1836 under the command of Captain William Richards for New Zealand. [12] She first went to Akaroa and by 15 June was reported at Cloudy Bay with "1 fish." [13] Then it was to the Chatham Islands before going to Kapiti where they arrived on 13 July. The vessel was reported off the Three Kings, at the Bay of Islands, at Banks Peninsula and elsewhere off the coast of New Zealand. She returned to Sydney 7 November 1837 with a reported 3,500 barrels of oil aboard, of which 500 was sperm whale oil, plus 12 tons of “whale bone” (baleen). This was declared by The Sydney Gazette to be, "the largest cargo we believe ever brought into this port from our whale fishery.”. [14]

On 2 August 1838, the vessel was purchased in Sydney for £2,200 by Robert Duke & Co. [15] At first it was planned to send her whaling again. This was changed instead to a voyage to London. She departed Sydney 20 January 1839 for London, with a general cargo and a few passengers. [16]

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References

  1. 1 2 Bateson (1959), pp.310–1.
  2. ↑ Ronald Parsons, Ships of Australia and New Zealand before 1850, Part Two, K-Z, Magill, 1983, p.49.
  3. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.331.
  4. ↑ Bateson (1959), pp.298–9.
  5. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.332.
  6. ↑ Bateson (1959), pp.300–1.
  7. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.333.
  8. 1 2 Bateson (1959), pp.302–3.
  9. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.334.
  10. ↑ Bateson (1959), p.335.
  11. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 26 March 1836, p.3.
  12. ↑ Ian Nicholson Shipping arrivals and departures, Sydney, 1826-1840, Roebuck, Canberra, 1981, p.144.
  13. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 30 July 1836
  14. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 9 November 1837, p.2.
  15. ↑ Sydney Gazette, 4 August 1838, p.2
  16. ↑ Nicholson, p.178.
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