Royal Pawn (Denmark)

Last updated
Royal Pawn
Det Kongelige Assistenshus
Ministry of Culture, Copenhagen.jpg
Assistenshuset viewed from Slotsholmen
Royal Pawn (Denmark)
General information
Architectural style Baroque
Location Copenhagen, Denmark
Coordinates 55°40′37.96″N12°34′37.44″E / 55.6772111°N 12.5770667°E / 55.6772111; 12.5770667
Current tenants Ministry of Culture
Construction started1729
Completed1765
OwnerDanish state
Design and construction
Architect(s) Philip de Lange

The Royal Pawn (Danish: Det Kongelige Assistenshus) was a pawnbroking establishment which existed from 1688 to 1975 in Copenhagen, Denmark. It was created at private initiative but was taken over by the state in 1758. Its former building at Nybrogade 2 was expanded by Philip de Lange in 1762. It is now home to the Ministry of Culture. The building was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918.

Contents

History

Early history

Assistenshuset was created at the initiative of the merchant Nicolai Wesling. [1] He applied to the Danish Chancellery for a royal privilege to operate a pawnbroking establishment with inspiration from abroad. On 3 August 1688, Christian V issued a royal ordinance for the establishment of an "Assistance House". Wesling's pawn shop was located in a building at the corner of Nyhavn and Kvæsthusgade. He died in November 1698. His widow, Maren Iversdatter, received permission to continue the operations on 31 January 1698 but died just a few months later.

The license was then passed on to Diderik Frandsen Klevenow who moved the pawn shop to a property in Frederiksborggade. In 1699, it was decided that part of the profits should be allocated to Børnehuset and the city's poorhouses. [1] When Klenenows died on 1 June 1711, the license was taken over by the German nobleman Johan Otto Raben and his wife Emerentzia von Levetzau, who had been his partners and wanted to secure their investment. They moved the pawn shop to Amagertorv 49 (now Amagertorv 25/Læderstræde 28) where it was managed by Jacob Lindemann.

Raben died in 1719 and his widow then operated the pawn shop alone until the license was passed on to their son Christian Frederik Raben and his wife Birthe von Plessen in 1731. In 1737, Iver Jentoft took over the license only to pass it on to two Jewish brothers from Altona, Salomon and Meyer Joseph Unna, who moved the pawn shop to a no longer existing building at present day No. 12 in Snaregade. The establishment was declared bankrupt in 1749 with 150,000 Danish rigsdaler in debts. [2]

The royal pawnbroking establishment

The Royal Pawn (right) and Paeretraeet in 1840 Nybrogade 1840.jpg
The Royal Pawn (right) and Pæretræet in 1840

After a turbulent period with several competing applicants, the license was taken over by director of Søkvæsthuset and councilman Steffen Heger and merchant Diderich Munch and Assistenshuset was converted into a state-run establishment under Søkvæsthuset by royal ordinance of 29 June 1753 (Forordning om Assistantz-Huuset i Kiøbenhavn 29. juni 1753). It was now moved to a building at the corner of Store Færgestræde (now Højbro Plads) and Store Kirkestræde. The opening hours were eight to 12 am and 14 to 19 p, pm Sundays in the summer time and nine to 13 and 14 to 16 pm in the winter time. The new manager was Jens Hansen Løwe who had also worked for the old pawn shop.

Louis Aumont: Pawn House manager Holm Assistenshusforvalter Holm.png
Louis Aumont: Pawn House manager Holm

In 1758, Assistenshuset moved to a three-winged building at the corner of Nybrogade, Manoløs and Snaregade. It had been constructed for mayor Christian Bjerregård in 1730-32 after his house at the site had been destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1729. His son sold the property to Adrian Kiøbke in 1754. In 1755, it had been acquired by two French hatters, Jean Jaques Douihac and Jaques Cuny, who had used it for manufacture and sale of hats.

The Royal Pawn viewed from Gammel Strand in 1907 Assistentshuset set fra Gammelstrand.jpg
The Royal Pawn viewed from Gammel Strand in 1907

In 1765, Assistenshuset commissioned Philip de Lange to expand the complex with a new wing on Nybrogade. The neighbouring building, known as Pæretræet, was acquired by the institution in 1792. It was used as residence for its director.

In the 1850s and 1860s, Assistenshuset was subject to public criticism and several participants in the public debate argued in favour of a liberalization of the pawnbroking market. The institution was separated from Søkvæsthuet in 1860 and the regulation was revised several times.

Late years and closure

The Total Pawn viewed from Gammel Strand in 1907 Assistenshuset 1920s.jpg
The Total Pawn viewed from Gammel Strand in 1907

In 1935, Assistenshuset achieved a de facto monopoly on pawnbroking. In 1961, Assistenshuset's head office moved to Svanevej in Nørrebro and its nine branch offices closed. Assistenshuset closed in 1975.

The building today

Assistenshuset's former building at Nybrogade was taken over by the Ministry of Culture in 1962.

Cultural references

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nicolai Eigtved</span> Danish architect

Nicolai Eigtved, also known as Niels Eigtved, was a Danish architect. He introduced and was the leading proponent of the French rococo or late baroque style in Danish architecture during the 1730s–1740s. He designed and built some of the most prominent buildings of his time, a number of which still stand to this day. He also played an important role in the establishment of the Royal Danish Academy of Art, and was its first native-born leader.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Copenhagen Fire of 1728</span> Historic fire in Copenhagen, Denmark

The Copenhagen Fire of 1728 was the largest fire in the history of Copenhagen, Denmark. It began on the evening of 20 October 1728 and continued to burn until the morning of 23 October. It destroyed approximately 28% of the city and left 20% of the population homeless. The reconstruction lasted until 1737. No less than 47% of the section of the city, which dates back to the Middle Ages, was completely lost, and along with the Copenhagen Fire of 1795, it is the main reason that few traces of medieval Copenhagen can be found in the modern city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sophia Brahe</span> Danish horticulturalist

SophiaThott Lange, known by her maiden name, was a Danish noblewoman and horticulturalist with knowledge of astronomy, chemistry, and medicine. She worked alongside her brother Tycho Brahe in making astronomical observations.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Charlottenborg Palace</span> Building in Copenhagen, Denmark

Charlottenborg Palace is a large town mansion located on the corner of Kongens Nytorv and Nyhavn in Copenhagen, Denmark. Originally built as a residence for Ulrik Frederik Gyldenløve, it has served as the base of the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts since its foundation in 1754. Today it also houses Kunsthal Charlottenborg, an institution for contemporary art, and Danmarks Kunstbibliotek, the Royal Art Library.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amagertorv</span> Square in central Copenhagen, Denmark

Amagertorv is a public square in the district of Indre By in central Copenhagen, Denmark. Today it forms part of the Strøget pedestrian zone, and is often described as the most central square in Copenhagen. Second only to Gammeltorv, it is also one of the oldest, taking its name from the Amager farmers who in the Middle Ages came into town to sell their produce at the site.

Philip de Lange was a leading Dutch-Danish architect who designed many different types of building in various styles including Dutch Baroque and Rococo.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ministry of Culture (Denmark)</span>

The Ministry of Culture Denmark is a ministry of the Danish Government, with responsibility for culture, sport and media.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Library Garden, Copenhagen</span>

The Royal Library Garden, often referred to simply as the Library Garden, is a small, somewhat hidden garden between the Royal Library, the Tøjhus Museum, ChristianIV's Supply Depot and Christiansborg Palace on Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It has a reputation for being one of the most tranquil spots in the city centre.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Danish Naval Museum</span> Museum dedicated to the history of the Royal Danish Navy, based in Søkvæsthuset, Denmark

The Royal Danish Naval Museum is a museum dedicated to the history of the Royal Danish Navy. The displays include a collection of naval models which dates back to late 17th century. The museum is based in Søkvæsthuset, a former naval hospice which overlooks Christianshavn Canal.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Christianshavns Torv</span> Street in Copenhagen, Denmark

Christianshavns Torv is the central public square of the Christianshavn neighborhood in Copenhagen, Denmark. It is situated at the intersection of Torvegade and Christianshavn Canal, roughly at the center of the area.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Strædet</span>

Strædet is the colloquial name of a popular shopping and café street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark, linking Højbro Plads on Strøget at its eastern end with Regnbuepladsen next to City Hall to the west. The official street names are Læderstræde, Kompagnistræde and Farvergade. The shops along the street are generally smaller and more eclectic than the flagship stores on neighbouring Strøget. It is dominated by art galleries and antique shops. It is known for its rich gay culture with LGBT citizens, shops, bars, restaurants and coffeehouses.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Magstræde</span> Street in Copenhagen, Denmark

Snaregade and Magstræde are two of the oldest streets in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark, linking Gammel Strand at their eastern end with Rådhusstræde to the west. Snaregade extends from the small square at the Gammel Strand metro station to Knabrostræde where it turns into Magstræde. The streets are among the few streets in the Old Town of Copenhagen which still feature their original cobbling. Magstræde is associated with Huset i Magstræde, now officially referred to as Huset KBH, a culture house.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ziegler House, Copenhagen</span>

The Ziegler House, located at the corner of Nybrogade and Knabrostræde, is an 18th-century Rococo-style, bourgeoisie townhouse overlooking Slotsholmens Kanal and Slotsholmen in central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was designed by Philip de Lange and formerly also known as Eneretsgården.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Knabrostræde</span>

Knabrostræde is a street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It runs from Strøget (Vimmelskaftet/Nygade) in the northwest to Nybrogade at Slotsholmen Canal in the southeast, crossing Strædet (Kompagnistræde) on the way.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Caspar Peter Bügel</span> Danish merchant and landowner

Caspar Peter Bügel was a Danish merchant and landowner. He owned Ringsted Abbey where a family mausoleum was inaugurated after his death. His wife Catharina Maria Bügel socialized with some of the leading figures of the Danish Golden Age after she became a widow in 1817.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Philip de Lange House</span>

The Philip de Lange House, built in association with a nitrary in the 1750s, is the Rococo-style former home of Dutch-Danish architect and master builder Philip de Lange at Prinsessegade 54 in the Christianshavn neighborhood of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was from 1877 to 1864 part of the Royal Porcelain Manufactory's Christianshavn factory and is now hidden from the street by a school building from 1865. The house was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1932. It is now part of Christianshavn School and houses the school's after school programmes.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Dronningens Tværgade 7</span> Building in Copenhagen

Dronningens Tværgade 7 is a Neoclassical property situated opposite Moltke's Mansion in central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was from 1824 to 1867 home to the Royal Art Museum, a precursor of the National Museum. The wine dealer Otto Suenson & Co. was founded in the building on 24 May 1880 and still operates a wine shop in the basement. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Henriette Melchiors Stiftelse</span>

Henriette Melchiors Stiftelse is a historic building situated at the corner of Snaregade and Naboløs, overlooking the Gammel Strand canalfront, in central Copenhagen, Denmark. The building was constructed for the Jewish businessman Lion Israel after the previous building on the site had been destroyed in the Copenhagen Fire of 1795. It was, from 1861, owned by his grandson Moses Melchior, who in his will converted it into a charity with affordable accommodation for widows of scientists and artists, named for his sister Henriette Melchior. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1918.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Amagertorv 1</span> Property in Copenhagen, Denmark

Amagertorv 1 is a Neoclassical property situated at the corner of Amagertorv and Højbro Plads, opposite Højbrohus, in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. Constructed in 1797 as part of the rebuilding of the city following the Copenhagen Fire of 1795, it owes its current appearance to a renovation undertaken by Christian Tybjerg in 1854. The building was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1989. Café Europa, a café started by fashion designer Jørgen Nørgaard in 1989, is located in the building. Notable former residents include photographer Emil Stæhr, landowner and district governor Nicolai Emanuel de Thygeson and composer and music publisher Andreas Peter Berggreen.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Nybrogade 6</span> Listed building in Copenhagen

Nybrogade 6/Snaregade 3 is an 18th-century building complex overlooking ther Slotsholmens Kanal in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It consists of a five storeys tall and six bays wide building in Nybrogade and a half-timbered rear wing in Snaregade ('1733) on the other side of the block as well as a seven-bays-long half-timbered side wing that connect them to each other along one side of a central courtyard. The three buildings were jointly listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1945. Notable former residents include the bookseller Salomon Soldin (1774–1837), composers Andreas Peter Berggreen (1801–1880) and Volkmar Busch and Wollert Konow. The building is today used as extra offices for the Ministry of Culture, headquartered in Assistenshuset at Nybrogade 2.

References

  1. 1 2 "Det kongelige lånekontor" (in Danish). Berlingske. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
  2. "Assistenshuset" (in Danish). Gyldendal. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
  3. "Sekstetten af Anne Marie Løn" (in Danish). litteratursiden.dk. Retrieved 6 December 2016.