Rub-kotna (pronouced locally as Rubkotna or Rubkɔtnä in Thok Naath) | |
---|---|
Town | |
Coordinates: 9°17′37″N29°47′21″E / 9.293485°N 29.789198°E | |
Country | South Sudan |
Region | Greater Upper Nile |
State | Unity State |
County | Rubkona County |
Elevation | 1,300 ft (400 m) |
Population (2006 Estimate) | |
• Total | 7,700 |
Time zone | UTC+2 (CAT) |
Rubkona (or Rub Kona, Rub-Koni) is a town in the Rubkona County of Unity State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. It lies on the northern bank of the Bahr el Ghazal River, connected via the El Salaam Bridge (The Peace Bridge) to the state capital, Bentiu. [1] This bridge was bombed by North Sudanese MiG-29 bomber airplanes on April 23, 2012, during the Heglig Crisis. [2] Rubkona is the administrative center of Rubkona County. [3]
During the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983-2005), conditions were extremely poor and dangerous. Refugees from the countryside moved to the town for greater safety. [4] After the peace agreement was signed in January 2005, there have been great improvements. However, most of those improvements were destroy following the outbreak of the South Sudanese Civil War in 2013. [5] It previously had a large market, and roads to the south were being greatly improved prior to the war. [1] In the rainy season, Rubkona is flooded. People must move from one part of town to another to escape the water. [4]
Bentiu Airport is located just north of Rubkona. Few kilometres north of the town, is also the UNMISS main base in Unity state where Protection of Civilian Sites (POCs) are being hosted. As of September 2020, approximately 167,856 IDPs were reportedly residing within the five PoC, or former-PoC, sites. [6]
Unity State, also known as Western Upper Nile, is a state in South Sudan. Unity State is in the Greater Upper Nile region. Unity is inhabited predominantly by two ethnic groups: the Nuer majority, and the Dinka minority.
Jonglei State is a state of South Sudan with Bor as its centre of government and the biggest city. Jonglei state comprises nine counties: Bor, Akobo, Ayod, Uror, Duk, Nyirol, Pigi, Twic East, and Fangak. Jonglei State is the largest state by area before reorganisation, with an area of approximately 122,581 km2, as well as the most populous according to the 2008 census conducted in present-day South Sudan's second period of autonomy. The boundaries of the state were again changed as a result of a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020.
The Nuer language (Thok Naath) ("people's language") is a Nilotic language of the Western Nilotic group. It is spoken by the Nuer people of South Sudan and in western Ethiopia (region of Gambela). The language is very similar to Dinka and Atuot.
Bentiu, also spelled Bantiu, is a city in South Sudan. It is the capital of Unity State.
The Unity oilfield (Chotjiok) is a major oilfield in Chotjiok at Rotriak Boma, Budang Payam, northern territory of Rubkona County, South Sudan. It lies to the north of the state capital Bentiu.
The South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF), formerly the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA), is the military force of the Republic of South Sudan. The SPLA was founded as a guerrilla movement against the government of Sudan in 1983 and was a key participant of the Second Sudanese Civil War, led by John Garang. After Garang's death in 2005, Salva Kiir was named the SPLA's new Commander-in-Chief. As of 2010, the SPLA was divided into divisions of 10,000–14,000 soldiers.
Bentiu Airport is an airport in South Sudan. It is located just north of Rubkona, a town that sits across the Bahr el Ghazal River from Bentiu. Via El Salaam Bridge, the airport is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) by road from Bentiu.
The Sudanese conflict in South Kordofan and Blue Nile was an armed conflict in the Sudanese states of South Kordofan and Blue Nile between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement–North (SPLM-N), a northern affiliate of the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) in South Sudan. After some years of relative calm following the 2005 agreement which ended the second Sudanese civil war between the Sudanese government and SPLM rebels, fighting broke out again in the lead-up to South Sudan independence on 9 July 2011, starting in South Kordofan on 5 June and spreading to the neighboring Blue Nile state in September. SPLM-N, splitting from newly independent SPLM, took up arms against the inclusion of the two southern states in Sudan with no popular consultation and against the lack of democratic elections. The conflict is intertwined with the War in Darfur, since in November 2011 SPLM-N established a loose alliance with Darfuri rebels, called Sudan Revolutionary Front (SRF).
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1996, adopted unanimously on July 8, 2011, after welcoming the independence of South Sudan from Sudan, the Council established the United Nations Mission in the Republic of South Sudan (UNMISS) for an initial period of one year.
Human rights in South Sudan are a contentious issue, owing at least in part to the country's violent history.
Mayom is a community in the Mayom County of Unity State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. It is located west of Bentiu. It is the headquarters of Mayom County.
Ethnic violence in South Sudan has a long history among South Sudan's varied ethnic groups. South Sudan has 64 tribes with the largest being the Dinka, who constitute about 35% of the population and predominate in government. The second largest are the Nuers. Conflict is often aggravated among nomadic groups over the issue of cattle and grazing land and is part of the wider Sudanese nomadic conflicts.
Block 5A is an oil concession in South Sudan. After oil field development began during the Second Sudanese Civil War, Block 5A was the scene of extensive fighting as rival militias struggled for control. Out of an original population of 240,000, an estimated 12,000 were killed or died of starvation and 160,000 were displaced by force. Production started in 2006. There is evidence that the environmentally sensitive marshlands beside the Nile are becoming polluted.
Nhialdiu is a large village in the Rubkona County of Unity State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. It is located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Bentiu.
Duar is a large village in the Guit County of Unity State, in the Greater Upper Nile region of South Sudan. It is on the main oil road leading south from Bentiu, and is close to the Thar Jath Central Processing Facility in the Block 5A oil concession.
Rubkona County is an administrative division of Unity State, South Sudan.
The United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) is a United Nations peacekeeping mission for South Sudan, which became independent on 9 July 2011. UNMISS was established on 8 July 2011 by United Nations Security Council Resolution 1996 (2011).
The Heglig Crisis was a brief war fought between the countries of Sudan and South Sudan in 2012 over oil-rich regions between South Sudan's Unity and Sudan's South Kordofan states. South Sudan invaded and briefly occupied the small border town of Heglig before being pushed back by the Sudanese army. Small-scale clashes continued until an agreement on borders and natural resources was signed on 26 September, resolving most aspects of the conflict.
The air campaign of the Heglig Crisis was a military air campaign of the Sudanese Government against the Republic of South Sudan during the Heglig Crisis.
The South Sudanese Civil War was a multi-sided civil war in South Sudan between forces of the government and opposition forces. In December 2013, President Salva Kiir accused his former deputy Riek Machar and 10 others of attempting a coup d'état. Machar denied trying to start a coup and fled to lead the Sudan People's Liberation Movement-in-Opposition (SPLM-IO). Fighting broke out between the Sudan People's Liberation Movement (SPLM) and SPLM-IO, igniting the civil war. Ugandan troops were deployed to fight alongside the South Sudanese government. The United Nations has peacekeepers in the country as part of the United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS).
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