Ruha Benjamin | |
---|---|
Born | 1978 |
Academic background | |
Education | Spelman College (BA) University of California, Berkeley (MA, PhD) |
Academic work | |
Discipline | Sociology |
Institutions | Princeton University |
Main interests | Science,Medicine,and Technology;Race-Ethnicity and Gender;Knowledge and Power |
Website | www |
Ruha Benjamin is a sociologist and a professor in the Department of African American Studies at Princeton University. [1] The primary focus of her work is the relationship between innovation and equity,particularly focusing on the intersection of race,justice and technology. Benjamin is the author of numerous publications,including the books People's Science:Bodies and Rights on the Stem Cell Frontier (2013), Race After Technology:Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code (2019) and Viral Justice:How We Grow the World We Want (2022).
Benjamin is also a prominent public intellectual,having spoken to audiences across the Americas,Europe,Africa,and Asia,delivering presentations to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination [2] and NAACP Legal Defense and Education Fund, [3] [4] a 2021 AAAS keynote, [5] 2020 ICLR keynote [6] and the 8th Annual Patrusky Lecture. [7]
Benjamin's work has been featured in popular outlets that include,among others, Essence Magazine , [8] LA Times , [9] Washington Post , [10] New York Times , [11] San Francisco Chronicle , [12] The Root , [13] Motherboard , [14] The Guardian , [15] Vox , [16] Teen Vogue , [17] National Geographic , [18] STAT , [19] CNN, [20] New Statesman , [21] Slate , [22] Jezebel , [23] Boston Review [24] and The Huffington Post . [25]
Benjamin was born to an African-American father and a mother of Indian and Persian descent. [26] She describes her interest in the relationship between science,technology and medicine as being prompted by her early life. She was born in a clinic in Wai,Maharashtra,India. Hearing her parents' stories about the interaction of human bodies with medical technology in the clinic sparked her interest. [27] She has lived and spent time in many different places,including "many Souths":South Central Los Angeles;Conway,South Carolina;Majuro,South Pacific,and Swaziland,Southern Africa,and cites these different experiences and cultures as being influential in her way of looking at the world. [27]
Benjamin received her Bachelor of Arts in sociology and anthropology from Spelman College,before going on to complete her PhD in sociology at the University of California Berkeley in 2008. She completed a postdoctoral fellowship at UCLA's Institute for Society and Genetics in 2010,before taking a faculty fellowship at the Harvard Kennedy School's Science,Technology,and Society Program. From 2010 to 2014,Benjamin was Assistant Professor of African American Studies and Sociology at Boston University. [28]
In 2013,Benjamin's first book,People's Science:Bodies and Rights on the Stem Cell Frontier,was published by Stanford University Press. [29] In it,she critically investigates how innovation and design often builds upon or reinforces inequalities. In particular,Benjamin investigates how and why scientific,commercial,and popular discourses and practices around genomics have incorporated racial-ethnic and gendered categories. In People's Science,Benjamin also argues for a more inclusive,responsible,and public scientific community. [30]
In 2019,her book,Race After Technology:Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code was published by Polity. [31] In it,Benjamin expands upon her previous research and analysis by focusing on a range of ways in which social hierarchies,particularly racism,are embedded in the logical layer of internet-based technologies. She develops her concept of the "New Jim Code",which references Michelle Alexander's work The New Jim Crow ,to analyze how seemingly "neutral" algorithms and applications can replicate or worsen racial bias. [15]
Race After Technology won the 2020 Oliver Cox Cromwell Book Prize awarded by the American Sociological Association Section on Race &Ethnic Relations,2020 Brooklyn Public Library Literary Award for Nonfiction, [32] and Honorable Mention for the 2020 Communication,Information Technologies,and Media Sociology Book Award. [33] It was also selected by Fast Company as one of "8 Books on Technology You Should Read in 2020". [34]
A review in The Nation noted:"What's ultimately distinctive about Race After Technology is that its withering critiques of the present are so galvanizing. The field Benjamin maps is treacherous and phantasmic,full of obstacles and trip wires whose strength lies in their invisibility. But each time she pries open a black box,linking the present to some horrific past,the future feels more open-ended,more mutable…This is perhaps Benjamin’s greatest feat in the book:Her inventive and wide-ranging analyses remind us that as much as we try to purge ourselves from our tools and view them as external to our flaws,they are always extensions of us. As exacting a worldview as that is,it is also inclusive and hopeful." [35]
In 2019,a book she edited,Captivating Technology:Reimagining Race,Carceral Technoscience,and Liberatory Imagination in Everyday Life,was released by Duke University Press, [36] examining how carceral logics shape social life well beyond prisons and police.
Currently,Benjamin is Professor in the Department of African American Studies at Princeton University where her work focuses on dimensions of science,technology,and medicine,race and citizenship,knowledge and power. In 2018,she founded the JUST DATA Lab, [37] a space for activists,technologists and artists to reassess how data can be used for justice. She also serves on the Executive Committees for the Program in Global Health and Health Policy [38] and Center for Digital Humanities at the University of Princeton.
On September 25,2020,Benjamin was named as one of the 25 members of the "Real Facebook Oversight Board",an independent monitoring group over Facebook. [39]
On April 11,2024,at Spelman College's Founders Day Convocation,she received an honorary Doctor of Science degree. [40] [41]
Benjamin is the recipient of numerous awards and fellowships,including Marguerite Casey Foundation and Group Health Fund Freedom Scholar Award, [42] fellowship from the American Council of Learned Societies, [43] National Science Foundation,and Institute for Advanced Study,among others. [44] In 2017 she received the President's Award for Distinguished Teaching at Princeton. [45] In 2024,Benjamin was named a MacArthur Fellow. [46]
Donna J. Haraway is an American professor emerita in the history of consciousness and feminist studies departments at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a prominent scholar in the field of science and technology studies. She has also contributed to the intersection of information technology and feminist theory, and is a leading scholar in contemporary ecofeminism. Her work criticizes anthropocentrism, emphasizes the self-organizing powers of nonhuman processes, and explores dissonant relations between those processes and cultural practices, rethinking sources of ethics.
Alondra Nelson is an American academic, policy advisor, non-profit administrator, and writer. She is the Harold F. Linder chair and professor in the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study, an independent research center in Princeton, New Jersey. Since March 2023, she has been a distinguished senior fellow at the Center for American Progress.
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Ruth Wilson Gilmore is a prison abolitionist and prison scholar. She is the Director of the Center for Place, Culture, and Politics and professor of geography in Earth and Environmental Sciences at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. She has been credited with "more or less single-handedly" inventing carceral geography, the "study of the interrelationships across space, institutions and political economy that shape and define modern incarceration". She received the 2020 Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association of Geographers.
Michelle Murphy is a Canadian academic. She is a professor of history and women and gender studies at the University of Toronto and director of the Technoscience Research Unit.
Nettrice R. Gaskins is an African-American digital artist, academic, cultural critic and advocate of STEAM fields. In her work, she explores "techno-vernacular creativity" and Afrofuturism.
Marie Gottschalk is an American political scientist and professor of political science at the University of Pennsylvania, known for her work on mass incarceration in the United States. Gottschalk is the author of The Prison and the Gallows: The Politics of Mass Incarceration in America (2006) and Caught: the Prison State and the Lockdown of American Politics (2016). Her research investigates the origins of the carceral state in the United States, the critiques of the scope and size of the carceral network, and the intersections of the carceral state with race and economic inequality.
Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism is a 2018 book by Safiya Umoja Noble in the fields of information science, machine learning, and human-computer interaction.
Joy Adowaa Buolamwini is a Canadian-American computer scientist and digital activist formerly based at the MIT Media Lab. She founded the Algorithmic Justice League (AJL), an organization that works to challenge bias in decision-making software, using art, advocacy, and research to highlight the social implications and harms of artificial intelligence (AI).
Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa is a Nigerian-American writer, AI Ethics legal scholar, sociologist, and Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Law at Emory Law School. She is currently a Resident Fellow at Yale Law School's Information Society Project (ISP) and she has been a Faculty Associate at the Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Law School since 2017. From 2021–2022, she was a Fulbright Scholar to Nigeria where she studied the role of law for tech start-ups. She was previously an assistant professor of labor and employment law at Cornell University from 2017–2020, earning tenure there in 2020.
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Vesla Mae Weaver is an American political scientist and author. She is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of political science and sociology at Johns Hopkins University.
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Rashida Richardson is a visiting scholar at Rutgers Law School and the Rutgers Institute for Information Policy and the Law and an attorney advisor to the Federal Trade Commission. She is also an assistant professor of law and political science at the Northeastern University School of Law and the Northeastern University Department of Political Science in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities.
Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code is a 2019 American non-fiction book focusing on a range of ways in which social hierarchies, particularly racism, are embedded in the logical layer of internet-based technologies. It won the 2020 Oliver Cox Cromwell Book Prize, 2020 Brooklyn Public Library Literary Award for Nonfiction, and Honorable Mention for the 2020 Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology Book Award, and has been widely reviewed.
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Reuben Jonathan Miller is an American writer, sociologist, criminologist and social worker. He teaches at the University of Chicago in the Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice and in the Department of Race, Diaspora, and Indigeneity. He is also a research professor at the American Bar Foundation.
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