Ruha Benjamin

Last updated

People's Science: Bodies and Rights on the Stem Cell Frontier. Stanford University Press. 2013. ISBN   9780804782975.
  • Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code . Polity. 2019. ISBN   9781509526390.
  • (As editor) Captivating Technology: Race, Carceral Technoscience, and Liberatory Imagination in Everyday Life. Duke University Press. 2019. ISBN   978-1-4780-0381-6.
  • Viral Justice: How We Grow the World We Want. Princeton University Press, 2022. ISBN 9780691222882 [47]
  • Articles

    • (2009). "A Lab of Their Own: Genomic Sovereignty as Postcolonial Science Policy". Policy & Society, Vol. 28, Issue 4: 3.
    • (2011), "Organized Ambivalence: When Stem Cell Research & Sickle Cell Disease Converge". Ethnicity & Health, Vol. 16, Issue 4–5: 447–463.
    • (2012). "Genetics and Global Public Health: Sickle Cell and Thalassaemia". Ch. 11 in Simon Dyson and Karl Atkin (eds), Organized Ambivalence: When Stem Cell Research & Sickle Cell Disease Converge (Routledge).
    • (2015). "The Emperor’s New Genes: Science, Public Policy, and the Allure of Objectivity". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 661: 130–142.
    • (2016). "Racial Fictions, Biological Facts: Expanding the Sociological Imagination through Speculative Methods". Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience, Vol. 2, Issue 2: 1–28. [48]
    • (2016). "Informed Refusal: Toward a Justice-based Bioethics". Science, Technology, and Human Values, Vol. 4, Issue 6: 967–990. [49]
    • (2016). "Catching Our Breath: Critical Race STS and the Carceral Imagination". Engaging Science, Technology and Society, Vol. 2: 145–156. [50]
    • (2017). "Cultura Obscura: Race, Power, and ‘Culture Talk’ in the Health Sciences". American Journal of Law and Medicine, Invited special issue, edited by Bridges, Keel, and Obasogie, Vol. 43, Issue 2-3: 225–238. [51]
    • (2018). "Black Afterlives Matter: Cultivating Kinfulness as Reproductive Justice". In Making Kin Not Population, edited by Adele Clarke and Donna Haraway. Prickly Paradigm Press. [52] (Republished in Boston Review [24] )
    • (2018). "Prophets and Profits of Racial Science". Kalfou: A Journal of Comparative and Relational Ethnic Studies, Vol. 5, Issue 1: 41–53. [53]
    • (2019). "Assessing Risk, Automating Racism". Science, Vol. 366, Issue 6464, pp. 421–422. [54]

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Donna Haraway</span> Scholar in the field of science and technology studies

    Donna J. Haraway is an American professor emerita in the history of consciousness and feminist studies departments at the University of California, Santa Cruz, and a prominent scholar in the field of science and technology studies. She has also contributed to the intersection of information technology and feminist theory, and is a leading scholar in contemporary ecofeminism. Her work criticizes anthropocentrism, emphasizes the self-organizing powers of nonhuman processes, and explores dissonant relations between those processes and cultural practices, rethinking sources of ethics.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Alondra Nelson</span> American sociologist, policy advisor and author (born 1968)

    Alondra Nelson is an American academic, policy advisor, non-profit administrator, and writer. She is the Harold F. Linder chair and professor in the School of Social Science at the Institute for Advanced Study, an independent research center in Princeton, New Jersey. Since March 2023, she has been a distinguished senior fellow at the Center for American Progress.

    Racism on the Internet sometimes also referred to as cyber-racism and more broadly considered as an online hate crime or an internet hate crime consists of racist rhetoric or bullying that is distributed through computer-mediated means and includes some or all of the following characteristics: ideas of racial uniqueness, racist attitudes towards specific social categories, racist stereotypes, hate-speech, nationalism and common destiny, racial supremacy, superiority and separation, conceptions of racial otherness, and anti-establishment world-view. Racism online can have the same effects as offensive remarks made face-to-face.

    In the United States, the practice of predictive policing has been implemented by police departments in several states such as California, Washington, South Carolina, Alabama, Arizona, Tennessee, New York, and Illinois. Predictive policing refers to the usage of mathematical, predictive analytics, and other analytical techniques in law enforcement to identify potential criminal activity. Predictive policing methods fall into four general categories: methods for predicting crimes, methods for predicting offenders, methods for predicting perpetrators' identities, and methods for predicting victims of crime.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Ruth Wilson Gilmore</span> American abolitionist and prison scholar

    Ruth Wilson Gilmore is a prison abolitionist and prison scholar. She is the Director of the Center for Place, Culture, and Politics and professor of geography in Earth and Environmental Sciences at the Graduate Center of the City University of New York. She has been credited with "more or less single-handedly" inventing carceral geography, the "study of the interrelationships across space, institutions and political economy that shape and define modern incarceration". She received the 2020 Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Association of Geographers.

    Michelle Murphy is a Canadian academic. She is a professor of history and women and gender studies at the University of Toronto and director of the Technoscience Research Unit.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Nettrice Gaskins</span>

    Nettrice R. Gaskins is an African-American digital artist, academic, cultural critic and advocate of STEAM fields. In her work, she explores "techno-vernacular creativity" and Afrofuturism.

    Marie Gottschalk is an American political scientist and professor of political science at the University of Pennsylvania, known for her work on mass incarceration in the United States. Gottschalk is the author of The Prison and the Gallows: The Politics of Mass Incarceration in America (2006) and Caught: the Prison State and the Lockdown of American Politics (2016). Her research investigates the origins of the carceral state in the United States, the critiques of the scope and size of the carceral network, and the intersections of the carceral state with race and economic inequality.

    <i>Algorithms of Oppression</i> 2018 book by Safiya Umoja Noble

    Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism is a 2018 book by Safiya Umoja Noble in the fields of information science, machine learning, and human-computer interaction.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Joy Buolamwini</span> Computer scientist and digital activist

    Joy Adowaa Buolamwini is a Canadian-American computer scientist and digital activist formerly based at the MIT Media Lab. She founded the Algorithmic Justice League (AJL), an organization that works to challenge bias in decision-making software, using art, advocacy, and research to highlight the social implications and harms of artificial intelligence (AI).

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Ifeoma Ajunwa</span> Nigerian writer and law professor

    Ifeoma Yvonne Ajunwa is a Nigerian-American writer, AI Ethics legal scholar, sociologist, and Asa Griggs Candler Professor of Law at Emory Law School. She is currently a Resident Fellow at Yale Law School's Information Society Project (ISP) and she has been a Faculty Associate at the Berkman Klein Center at Harvard Law School since 2017. From 2021–2022, she was a Fulbright Scholar to Nigeria where she studied the role of law for tech start-ups. She was previously an assistant professor of labor and employment law at Cornell University from 2017–2020, earning tenure there in 2020.

    Geolitica, formerly known as PredPol, Inc, is a predictive policing company that attempts to predict property crimes using predictive analytics. PredPol is also the name of the software the company produces. PredPol began as a project of the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD) and University of California, Los Angeles professor Jeff Brantingham. PredPol has produced a patented algorithm, which is based on a model used to predict earthquake aftershocks.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Vesla Weaver</span> American political scientist

    Vesla Mae Weaver is an American political scientist and author. She is a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor of political science and sociology at Johns Hopkins University.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Algorithmic Justice League</span> Digital advocacy non-profit organization

    The Algorithmic Justice League (AJL) is a digital advocacy non-profit organization based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 2016 by computer scientist Joy Buolamwini, the AJL uses research, artwork, and policy advocacy to increase societal awareness regarding the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in society and the harms and biases that AI can pose to society. The AJL has engaged in a variety of open online seminars, media appearances, and tech advocacy initiatives to communicate information about bias in AI systems and promote industry and government action to mitigate against the creation and deployment of biased AI systems. In 2021, Fast Company named AJL as one of the 10 most innovative AI companies in the world.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Rashida Richardson</span> American attorney and scholar

    Rashida Richardson is a visiting scholar at Rutgers Law School and the Rutgers Institute for Information Policy and the Law and an attorney advisor to the Federal Trade Commission. She is also an assistant professor of law and political science at the Northeastern University School of Law and the Northeastern University Department of Political Science in the College of Social Sciences and Humanities.

    <i>Race After Technology</i> 2019 non-fiction book by Ruha Benjamin

    Race After Technology: Abolitionist Tools for the New Jim Code is a 2019 American non-fiction book focusing on a range of ways in which social hierarchies, particularly racism, are embedded in the logical layer of internet-based technologies. It won the 2020 Oliver Cox Cromwell Book Prize, 2020 Brooklyn Public Library Literary Award for Nonfiction, and Honorable Mention for the 2020 Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology Book Award, and has been widely reviewed.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Virginia Eubanks</span> American political scientist, author

    Virginia Eubanks is an American political scientist, professor, and author studying technology and social justice. She is an associate professor in the Department of Political Science at the University at Albany, SUNY. Previously Eubanks was a Fellow at New America researching digital privacy, economic inequality, and data-based discrimination.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Tawana Petty</span>

    Tawana Petty is an American author, poet, social justice organizer, mother and youth advocate who works to counter systemic racism. Petty formerly served as Director of Policy and Advocacy for the Algorithmic Justice League representing AJL in national and international processes shaping AI governance.

    Credit scoring systems in the United States have garnered considerable criticism from various media outlets, consumer law organizations, government officials, debtors unions, and academics. Racial bias, discrimination against prospective employees, discrimination against medical and student debt holders, poor risk predictability, manipulation of credit scoring algorithms, inaccurate reports, and overall immorality are some of the concerns raised regarding the system. Danielle Citron and Frank Pasquale list three major flaws in the current credit-scoring system:

    1. Disparate impacts: The algorithms systematize biases that have been measured externally and are known to impact disadvantaged groups such as racial minorities and women. Because the algorithms are proprietary, they cannot be tested for built-in human bias.
    2. Arbitrary: Research shows that there is substantial variation in scoring based on audits. Responsible financial behavior can be penalized.
    3. Opacity: credit score technology is not transparent so consumers are unable to know why their credit scores are affected.

    Reuben Jonathan Miller is an American writer, sociologist, criminologist and social worker. He teaches at the University of Chicago in the Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice and in the Department of Race, Diaspora, and Indigeneity. He is also a research professor at the American Bar Foundation.

    References

    1. "Ruha Benjamin | Department of African American Studies". aas.princeton.edu. Retrieved August 21, 2020.
    2. "Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination. General recommendation No. 36. Preventing and Combating Racial Profiling by Law Enforcement Officials" (PDF).
    3. Valenti, Denise (May 15, 2020). "Benjamin's 'Race After Technology' speaks to a growing concern among many of tech bias". Princeton University. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
    4. DiSilvestro, Adriana. "Brennan Center for Justice: Policing Race & Technology". MediaWell. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
    5. "Plenary Lectures". AAAS 2021 Annual Meeting. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    6. "ICLR: 2020 Vision: Reimagining the Default Settings of Technology & Society". iclr.cc. 2020. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    7. "The Patrusky Lectures | Council for the Advancement of Science Writing". casw.org. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    8. Dorsey, Sherrell (December 6, 2020). "These Black Women Are Fighting For Justice In A World Of Biased Algorithms". Essence. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    9. Khan, Amina (October 24, 2019). "When computers make biased health decisions, black patients pay the price, study says". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    10. Johnson, Carolyn Y. (October 24, 2019). "Racial bias in a medical algorithm favors white patients over sicker black patients". Washington Post. ISSN   0190-8286 . Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    11. Preston, Jennifer; Moynihan, Colin (March 21, 2012). "Death of Florida Teen Spurs Outcry and Action". The Lede. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    12. Benjamin, Ruha (April 4, 2013). "Should researchers pay for women's eggs?". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    13. "Bot Bias: Study Finds a Medical Algorithm Favors White Patients Over Sicker Black Ones". The Root. October 25, 2019. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    14. Ongweso Jr, Edward (October 25, 2019). "'Significant Racial Bias' Found in National Healthcare Algorithm Affecting Millions of People". www.vice.com. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    15. 1 2 Varghese, Sanjana (June 29, 2019). "Ruha Benjamin: 'We definitely can't wait for Silicon Valley to become more diverse'". The Observer. ISSN   0029-7712 . Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    16. Katz, Lauren (October 17, 2019). ""I sold my face to Google for $5": Why Google's attempt to make facial recognition tech more inclusive failed". Vox. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    17. "Why I'm Fighting the Tech-to-Prison Pipeline". Teen Vogue. February 3, 2021. Retrieved January 13, 2022.
    18. "5 Reasons Gene Editing Is Both Terrific and Terrifying". Science. December 4, 2015. Archived from the original on May 7, 2021. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    19. "Scientists endorse research on gene-editing in human embryos". STAT. December 3, 2015. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    20. Enayati, Amanda (February 6, 2014). "The power of prejudice -- and why you should speak up". CNN. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    21. O'Brien, Hettie (September 26, 2019). "'The New Jim Code' – Ruha Benjamin on racial discrimination by algorithm". www.newstatesman.com. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    22. Selinger, Evan (March 1, 2019). "Tech Critics Create a Powerful Response to IBM's Oscars Ad". Slate Magazine. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    23. Wang, Esther (July 2, 2019). "Kim Kardashian and Sophie Lewis's Surrogacy Now". Jezebel. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    24. 1 2 Benjamin, Ruha (July 11, 2018). "Black AfterLives Matter". Boston Review. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
    25. "Ruha Benjamin, Ph.D. | The Huffington Post". www.huffingtonpost.com. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
    26. https://socialwork.columbia.edu/news/ruha-benjamin-princeton-sociologist-and-leading-thinker-on-science-technology-and-the-social-world-will-be-2020-graduation-speaker/#:~:text=Born%20in%20Wai%2C%20India%2C%20to,World%20College%20of%20Southern%20Africa. [ bare URL ]
    27. 1 2 "About". Ruha Benjamin. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    28. "New Faculty Members to Join Department", Department of Sociology, Boston University, January 30, 2010.
    29. Benjamin, Ruha (June 5, 2013). People's Science: Bodies and Rights on the Stem Cell Frontier {. Stanford University Press. ISBN   9780804782968 . Retrieved March 11, 2017.
    30. "CGS : Talking Biopolitics with Ruha Benjamin". www.geneticsandsociety.org. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
    31. "Book Detail". Polity. March 14, 2016. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    32. "The Brooklyn Public Library Literary Prize". www.bklynlibrary.org. March 20, 2017. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    33. "Awards". CITAMS | Communication, Information Technologies, and Media Sociology. August 4, 2018. Retrieved February 24, 2021.
    34. Reader, Ruth (January 4, 2020). "8 books on technology you should read in 2020". Fast Company. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    35. Kearse, Stephen (June 15, 2020). "The Racist Roots of New Technology". The Nation. ISSN   0027-8378 . Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    36. "Captivating Technology Race, Carceral Technoscience, and Liberatory Imagination in Everyday Life". Duke University Press.
    37. "The JUST DATA Lab". The JUST DATA Lab. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    38. "Program in Global Health and Health Policy | Undergraduate Announcement". ua.princeton.edu. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    39. Solon, Olivia (September 25, 2020). "While Facebook works to create an oversight board, industry experts formed their own". NBC News .
    40. "SPELMAN FOUNDER'S DAY CONVOCATION". Ruha Benjamin. April 11, 2024.
    41. "Ruha Benjamin - Spelman Convocation 2024". Outspoken Agency. April 2024 via YouTube.
    42. "Introducing the 2020 Freedom Scholars". Marguerite Casey Foundation. Retrieved February 23, 2021.
    43. "PROF. RUHA BENJAMIN WINS ACLS FELLOWSHIP » Sociology | Blog Archive | Boston University". www.bu.edu. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
    44. "Ruha Benjamin | Center for Health and Wellbeing". chw.princeton.edu. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    45. "Four faculty members recognized for outstanding teaching". Princeton University. Retrieved March 15, 2020.
    46. Blair, Elizabeth (October 1, 2024). "Here's who made the 2024 MacArthur Fellows list". NPR. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
    47. Benjamin, Ruha (October 11, 2022). Viral Justice. Princeton University Press. ISBN   978-0-691-22288-2.
    48. Benjamin, Ruha (June 17, 2016). "Racial Fictions, Biological Facts: Expanding the Sociological Imagination through Speculative Methods". Catalyst: Feminism, Theory, Technoscience. 2 (2): 1–28. doi:10.28968/cftt.v2i2.28798. ISSN   2380-3312.
    49. Benjamin, Ruha (June 23, 2016). "Informed Refusal: Toward a Justice-based Bioethics". Science, Technology, & Human Values. 41 (6): 967–990. doi:10.1177/0162243916656059. S2CID   148172468.
    50. Ruha, Benjamin (July 1, 2016). "Catching Our Breath: Critical Race STS and the Carceral Imagination". Engaging Science, Technology, and Society. 2: 145–156. doi: 10.17351/ests2016.70 . ISSN   2413-8053.
    51. Benjamin, Ruha (2017). "Cultura Obscura: Race, Power, and "Culture Talk" in the Health Sciences". American Journal of Law & Medicine. 43 (2–3): 225–238. doi:10.1177/0098858817723661. ISSN   0098-8588. PMID   29254467. S2CID   40857476.
    52. Making kin not population. Adele E. Clarke, Donna Jeanne Haraway. Chicago, IL. 2018. ISBN   978-0-9966355-6-1. OCLC   1019611298.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)
    53. Benjamin, Ruha (June 28, 2018). "Prophets and Profits of Racial Science". Kalfou. 5 (1). doi:10.15367/kf.v5i1.198. ISSN   2372-0751. S2CID   149650720.
    54. Benjamin, Ruha (October 25, 2019). "Assessing risk, automating racism". Science. 366 (6464): 421–422. Bibcode:2019Sci...366..421B. doi:10.1126/science.aaz3873. ISSN   0036-8075. PMID   31649182. S2CID   204881864.
    1. Official website
    2. Introducing the 2020 Freedom Scholars
    3. 2021 AAAS Plenary Lecture
    4. 8th Annual Patrusky Lecture
    5. ICLR (International Conference on Learning Representations) Keynote
    6. Dr. Ruha Benjamin is featured in the documentary focused on Black women, entitled “(In)visible Portraits;” directed by Oge Egbuonu, to debut on OWN Network
    Ruha Benjamin
    Ruha Benjamin, Databite 124, 2019 (cropped).jpg
    Born1978
    Academic background
    Education Spelman College (BA)
    University of California, Berkeley (MA, PhD)