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Nephrology is a specialty of adult internal medicine and pediatric medicine that concerns the study of the kidneys,specifically normal kidney function and kidney disease,the preservation of kidney health,and the treatment of kidney disease,from diet and medication to renal replacement therapy. The word “renal”is an adjective meaning “relating to the kidneys”,and its roots are French or late Latin. Whereas according to some opinions,"renal" and "nephro" should be replaced with "kidney" in scientific writings such as "kidney medicine" or "kidney replacement therapy",other experts have advocated preserving the use of renal and nephro as appropriate including in "nephrology" and "renal replacement therapy",respectively.
Kidney disease,or renal disease,technically referred to as nephropathy,is damage to or disease of a kidney. Nephritis is an inflammatory kidney disease and has several types according to the location of the inflammation. Inflammation can be diagnosed by blood tests. Nephrosis is non-inflammatory kidney disease. Nephritis and nephrosis can give rise to nephritic syndrome and nephrotic syndrome respectively. Kidney disease usually causes a loss of kidney function to some degree and can result in kidney failure,the complete loss of kidney function. Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease,where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option.
Robert Provenzano is an American nephrologist. He is also an Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine at Wayne State University School of Medicine.
Amin J. Barakat is a Lebanese-American physician known for the diagnosis Barakat syndrome.
Founded in 1966,the American Society of Nephrology (ASN) is the world's largest professional society devoted to the study of kidney disease. Composed of over 20,000 physicians and scientists,ASN promotes expert patient care,advances medical research,and educates the renal community. ASN also informs policymakers about issues of importance to kidney doctors and their patients.
Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder in which the renal tubules become structurally abnormal,resulting in the development and growth of multiple cysts within the kidney. These cysts may begin to develop in utero,in infancy,in childhood,or in adulthood. Cysts are non-functioning tubules filled with fluid pumped into them,which range in size from microscopic to enormous,crushing adjacent normal tubules and eventually rendering them non-functional as well.
Dr. Manuel Martínez Maldonado,MD;MACP,an internist and nephrologist,administrator,educator,poet and author,has authored numerous scientific publications and edited several books. His research interests are the regulation of body fluids and the pathophysiology of blood pressure and its effects on the kidneys. He also focuses on the renin angiotensin system,a hormone system that helps regulate long-term blood pressure and blood volume in the body and which is controlled primarily by the kidneys. His clinical research has included polycycstic kidney disease,renal stones and hypercalcemia. Martinez-Maldonado has occupied numerous positions,including Vice President for Research at Oregon Health and Sciences University (1998-2000),President and Dean of the Ponce School of Medicine (2000–2006). He was the executive vice president for research at the University of Louisville from 2000 to 2009.
Vidya Jyothi Mohamed Hussain Rezvi Sheriff,FRCP (Lon),FRCPE (Edin),FRACP,FCCP,FSLCGP,FNASSL is a Sri Lankan academic,nephrologist and physician. He served as the director of the Postgraduate Institute of Medicine;senior professor of medicine;head of the Department of Clinical Medicine at the Faculty of Medicine,University of Colombo. He is currently serving as the Senior Professor of Medicine at General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University. He is also a consultant physician and nephrologist at National Hospital Sri Lanka. He is widely regarded as the Father of Nephrology or either hailed as Father of Modern Nephrology and Dialysis. He masterminded and pioneered kidney transplantation in Sri Lanka. He is also the founder and owner of Western Hospital.
Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh is an Iranian-American physician doing research in nephrology,kidney dialysis,nutrition,and epidemiology. He is best known as a specialist in kidney disease nutrition and chronic kidney disease and for his hypothesis about the longevity of individuals with chronic disease states,also known as reverse epidemiology including obesity paradox. According to this hypothesis,obesity or hypercholesterolemia may counterintuitively be protective and associated with greater survival in certain groups of people,such as elderly individuals,dialysis patients,or those with chronic disease states and wasting syndrome (cachexia),whereas normal to low body mass index or normal values of serum cholesterol may be detrimental and associated with worse mortality. Kalantar-Zadeh is also known for his expertise in kidney dialysis therapy,including incremental dialysis,as well as renal nutrition. He is the brother of Kourosh Kalantar-zadeh,who an Australian scientist involved in research in the fields of materials sciences,nanotechnology,and transducers.
Ronald Jonathan Falk,MD,FACP,FASN is the Nan and Hugh Cullman Eminent Professor and Chair of the Department of Medicine at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill (UNC). He is a clinical nephrologist and internationally recognized expert in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-induced vasculitis and autoimmune kidney disease. His career as a translational physician-scientist spans more than three decades. His clinical practice and translational research focus on characterizing the cell,tissue and physiologic changes in the development of specific autoimmune kidney diseases and developing new approaches for studying autoimmunity,inflammation and basic neutrophil/monocyte biology. He was Chief of the UNC Division of Nephrology and Hypertension from 1993-2015. He co-founded the UNC Kidney Center in 2005 and continues as Co-Director. Falk is a Past-President of the American Society of Nephrology (ASN). Since 2015,he has served as Chair of the Department of Medicine at UNC.
Carmine Zoccali is an Italian nephrologist and a clinical investigator. He has contributed to research in several fields,most notably hypertension and cardiovascular complications in chronic kidney disease (CKD),CKD progression and clinical epidemiology of kidney diseases at large. He is known for his studies on cardiovascular risk in CKD and dialysis patients. He was among the earliest investigators that focused on the relevance of endothelial dysfunction and inflammation for the high risk of cardiovascular disease in these populations. In this research area,he was the first to link endogenous inhibitors of the nitric oxide system with death and cardiovascular disease. and the first to document a relationship between sympathetic over-activity and these outcomes Dr Zoccali is a practicing specialist in Nephrology,with a national qualification for the full professorship in Nephrology. He is also a specialist in hypertension,certified by the European Society of Hypertension (ESH).
Stuart M. Sprague is an American nephrologist and Clinical Professor of Medicine at the Pritzker School of Medicine. He received his undergraduate degree from Michigan State University and his doctorate from Michigan State University College of Human Medicine. He completed his internal medicine training at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center in Chicago,and completed a nephrology clinical and research fellowship at the University of Chicago. He is a chief of the Division of Nephrology and Hypertension and a founder of Chronic Kidney Disease Clinic. In 1995 he joined NorthShore University HealthSystem and before that was a director of both the University of Chicago's Renal Bone Program and Hospitals Chronic Hemodialysis Unit. He has high interest in kidney stones,post transplant bone disease and,metabolic bone disease.
Professor David Wayne Johnson is an Australian nephrologist known for kidney treatments and transplants in Australia. In 2009 he was a Queensland State Finalist for Australian of the Year,for his work in the early recognition and care of people with chronic kidney disease and specifically for his work in detection of chronic kidney disease.
Thomas Martin Barratt was a British paediatrician and professor of paediatric nephrology. Barratt was most notable for developing a specialist service for children with kidney diseases in Britain,bringing peritoneal dialysis,haemodialysis,and later renal transplantation to ever younger children. Barratt was an early advocate for multidisciplinary care and developed a model that was later taken up by many other specialist centres across the world. His research led to a new treatments for many types of childhood kidney diseases.,and for research into childhood Nephrotic syndrome and Hemolytic-uremic syndrome.
Lisa Robinson is a clinician-scientist. She is a University of Toronto professor in the Department of Paediatrics and the Vice Dean Strategy and Operations at the Faculty of Medicine,former Head of the Division of Nephrology at The Hospital for Sick Children,a Senior Scientist at the SickKids Research Institute,and the first-ever Chief Diversity officer for the Faculty of Medicine at University of Toronto.
Susan E. Quaggin is a Canadian nephrologist. She is the Charles Horace Mayo Professor of Medicine at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine,Director of the Feinberg Cardiovascular Research Institute and chief of the Division of Nephrology.
Adeera Levin MD,FRCPC is a Professor of Medicine,and is head of the Division of Nephrology at University of British Columbia.
Samira Farouk,MD,MS,FASN is a board-certified transplant nephrologist and Associate Professor of Medicine and Medical Education at Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (ISMMS). She teaches medical students,residents,and fellows,and also develops and studies innovations in medical education. Her clinical research interests include the pathogenesis of kidney fibrosis in regards to transplant survival and chronic kidney diseases. Farouk is also cofounder of the free mobile-friendly nephrology teaching tool NephSIM,Associate Program Director of the Nephrology Fellowship at ISMMS,and Director of Mentoring and Trainee Engagement of KIDNEYcon.
Allison Audrey Eddy is a Canadian nephrologist. She was the inaugural Hudson Family Hospital Chair in Pediatric Medicine at British Columbia Children's Hospital and a clinician-scientist at the British Columbia Children's Hospital.
Richard Henry Reeve White was a paediatric nephrologist,emeritus Professor of Paediatric Nephrology from the University of Birmingham morphologist and archivist for British Association for Paediatric Nephrology.
References
- ↑ "Rulan Parekh". University of Toronto. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Previous CSN award recipients". American Kidney Fund . Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Celebrating Women in Medicine". University of Toronto. March 8, 2021. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- 1 2 "Rulan S. Parekh, MD, MS". American Society for Clinical Investigation . Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ Cheng, C. Y.; et al. (May 22, 2009). "Admixture mapping of 15,280 African Americans identifies obesity susceptibility loci on chromosomes 5 and X". PLOS Genetics . 5 (5): e1000490. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000490. PMC 2679192 . PMID 19461885.
- ↑ "ANIO Award for Clinical Excellence 2016". American Nephrologists of Indian Origin. November 15, 2015. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ Vendeville, Geoffrey (November 7, 2017). "20 U of T experts named new Canada Research Chairs". University of Toronto. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ "Ontario Announces Next Round of Research Projects to Fight COVID-19". Ontario. July 17, 2020. Retrieved September 28, 2021.
- ↑ "A New Era of Academics at WCH". Women's College Hospital. August 31, 2021. Retrieved September 21, 2021.
