Related Research Articles
The p300-CBP coactivator family in humans is composed of two closely related transcriptional co-activating proteins :
- p300
- CBP
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) also known as core-binding factor subunit alpha-1 (CBF-alpha-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX2 gene. RUNX2 is a key transcription factor associated with osteoblast differentiation.
Acute myeloblastic leukemia with maturation (M2) is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
ETV6 protein is a transcription factor that in humans is encoded by the ETV6 gene. The ETV6 protein regulates the development and growth of diverse cell types, particularly those of hematological tissues. However, its gene, ETV6 frequently suffers various mutations that lead to an array of potentially lethal cancers, i.e., ETV6 is a clinically significant proto-oncogene in that it can fuse with other genes to drive the development and/or progression of certain cancers. However, ETV6 is also an anti-oncogene or tumor suppressor gene in that mutations in it that encode for a truncated and therefore inactive protein are also associated with certain types of cancers.
Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) also known as acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein (AML1) or core-binding factor subunit alpha-2 (CBFA2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX1 gene.
Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 16 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZBTB16 gene.
Runt-related transcription factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX3 gene.
GATA2 or GATA-binding factor 2 is a transcription factor, i.e. a nuclear protein which regulates the expression of genes. It regulates many genes that are critical for the embryonic development, self-renewal, maintenance, and functionality of blood-forming, lympathic system-forming, and other tissue-forming stem cells. GATA2 is encoded by the GATA2 gene, a gene which often suffers germline and somatic mutations which lead to a wide range of familial and sporadic diseases, respectively. The gene and its product are targets for the treatment of these diseases.
Core-binding factor subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBFB gene.
CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha is a protein encoded by the CEBPA gene in humans. CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha is a transcription factor involved in the differentiation of certain blood cells. For details on the CCAAT structural motif in gene enhancers and on CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Proteins see the specific page.
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A, also known as acute lymphoblastic leukemia 1 (ALL-1), myeloid/lymphoid or mixed-lineage leukemia1 (MLL1), or zinc finger protein HRX (HRX), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KMT2A gene.
Protein CBFA2T1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RUNX1T1 gene.
ERG is an oncogene. ERG is a member of the ETS family of transcription factors. The ERG gene encodes for a protein, also called ERG, that functions as a transcriptional regulator. Genes in the ETS family regulate embryonic development, cell proliferation, differentiation, angiogenesis, inflammation, and apoptosis.
MDS1 and EVI1 complex locus protein EVI1 (MECOM) also known as ecotropic virus integration site 1 protein homolog (EVI-1) or positive regulatory domain zinc finger protein 3 (PRDM3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MECOM gene. EVI1 was first identified as a common retroviral integration site in AKXD murine myeloid tumors. It has since been identified in a plethora of other organisms, and seems to play a relatively conserved developmental role in embryogenesis. EVI1 is a nuclear transcription factor involved in many signaling pathways for both coexpression and coactivation of cell cycle genes.
K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6A (KAT6A), is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the KAT6A gene. This gene is located on human chromosome 8, band 8p11.21.
Protein CBFA2T2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBFA2T2 gene.
Protein CBFA2T3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CBFA2T3 gene.
BAALC is a gene that codes for the brain and acute leukemia cytoplasmic protein. The official symbol (BAALC) and official name is maintained by the HGNC. The function of BAALC is not fully understood yet, but has been suggested to have synaptic roles involving the post synaptic lipid raft. Lipid rafts are microdomains that are enriched with cholesterol and sphingolipids, lipid raft functions include membrane trafficking, signal processing, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. The postsynaptic lipid raft possesses many proteins and is one of the major sites for signal processing and postsynaptic density (PSD). Along with its involvement in the post synaptic lipid rafts, BAALC expression has been associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Acute Myeloid Leukemia.
In molecular biology the MYND-type zinc finger domain is a conserved protein domain. The MYND domain is present in a large group of proteins that includes RP-8 (PDCD2), Nervy, and predicted proteins from Drosophila, mammals, Caenorhabditis elegans, yeast, and plants. The MYND domain consists of a cluster of cysteine and histidine residues, arranged with an invariant spacing to form a potential zinc-binding motif. Mutating conserved cysteine residues in the DEAF-1 MYND domain does not abolish DNA binding, which suggests that the MYND domain might be involved in protein-protein interactions. Indeed, the MYND domain of ETO/MTG8 interacts directly with the N-CoR and SMRT co-repressors. Aberrant recruitment of co-repressor complexes and inappropriate transcriptional repression is believed to be a general mechanism of leukemogenesis caused by the t(8;21) translocations that fuse ETO with the acute myelogenous leukemia 1 (AML1) protein. ETO has been shown to be a co-repressor recruited by the promyelocytic leukemia zinc finger (PLZF) protein. A divergent MYND domain present in the adenovirus E1A binding protein BS69 was also shown to interact with N-CoR and mediate transcriptional repression. The current evidence suggests that the MYND motif in mammalian proteins constitutes a protein-protein interaction domain that functions as a co-repressor-recruiting interface.
AI-10-49 is a small molecule inhibitor of leukemic oncoprotein CBFβ-SMHHC developed by the laboratory of John Bushweller with efficacy demonstrated by the laboratories of Lucio H. Castilla and Monica Guzman. AI-10-49 allosterically binds to CBFβ-SMMHC and disrupts protein-protein interaction between CBFβ-SMMHC and tumor suppressor RUNX1. This inhibitor is under development as an anti-leukemic drug.
References
- ↑ Kagoshima H, Shigesada K, Satake M, Ito Y, Miyoshi H, Ohki M, Pepling M, Gergen P (October 1993). "The Runt domain identifies a new family of heteromeric transcriptional regulators". Trends Genet. 9 (10): 338–41. doi:10.1016/0168-9525(93)90026-E. PMID 8273148.
- 1 2 Hirai H, Shimizu K, Miyoshi H, Ohira M, Mitani K, Imai T, Yokoyama K, Soeda E, Ohki M (1995). "Alternative splicing and genomic structure of the AML1 gene involved in acute myeloid leukemia". Nucleic Acids Res. 23 (14): 2762–2769. doi:10.1093/nar/23.14.2762. PMC 307102 . PMID 7651838.
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