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In response to court action in a number of states,the United States federal government and a number of state legislatures passed or attempted to pass legislation either prohibiting or allowing same-sex marriage or other types of same-sex unions.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) persons in the U.S. state of Wyoming may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal in Wyoming since 1977,and same-sex marriage was legalized in the state in October 2014. Wyoming statutes do not address discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity;however,the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County established that employment discrimination against LGBT people is illegal under federal law. In addition,the cities of Jackson,Casper,and Laramie have enacted ordinances outlawing discrimination in housing and public accommodations that cover sexual orientation and gender identity.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in the U.S. state of Florida have federal protections,but many face legal difficulties on the state level that are not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity became legal in the state after the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Lawrence v. Texas on June 26,2003,although the state legislature has not repealed its sodomy law. Same-sex marriage has been legal in the state since January 6,2015. Discrimination on account of sexual orientation and gender identity in employment,housing and public accommodations is outlawed following the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County. In addition,several cities and counties,comprising about 55 percent of Florida's population,have enacted anti-discrimination ordinances. These include Jacksonville,Miami,Tampa,Orlando,St. Petersburg,Tallahassee and West Palm Beach,among others. Conversion therapy is also banned in a number of cities in the state,mainly in Palm Beach County and the Miami metropolitan area. In September 2023,Lake Worth Beach,Florida became an official "LGBT sanctuary city" to protect and defend LGBT rights.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in Texas have some protections in state law but may face legal and social challenges not faced by others. Same-sex sexual activity was decriminalized in Texas in 2003 by the Lawrence v. Texas ruling. On June 26,2015,the Supreme Court of the United States ruled bans on same-sex marriage to be unconstitutional in Obergefell v. Hodges.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) persons in the U.S. state of North Dakota may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity is legal in North Dakota,and same-sex couples and families headed by same-sex couples are eligible for all of the protections available to opposite-sex married couples;same-sex marriage has been legal since June 2015 as a result of Obergefell v. Hodges. State statutes do not address discrimination on account of sexual orientation or gender identity;however,the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County established that employment discrimination against LGBT people is illegal under federal law.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) people in the U.S. state of South Dakota may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity is legal in South Dakota,and same-sex marriages have been recognized since June 2015 as a result of Obergefell v. Hodges. State statutes do not address discrimination on account of sexual orientation or gender identity;however,the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County established that employment discrimination against LGBT people is illegal under federal law.
Lesbian,gay,bisexual,and transgender (LGBT) persons in the U.S. state of Montana may face some legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBT residents. Same-sex sexual activity has been legal in Montana since 1997. Same-sex couples and families headed by same-sex couples are eligible for all of the protections available to opposite-sex married couples,as same-sex marriage has been recognized since November 2014. State statutes do not address discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity;however,the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County established that employment discrimination against LGBT people is illegal under federal law. A number of cities also provide protections in housing and public accommodations.
John D. Ragan Jr. is an American politician. A Republican,he represents District 33 in the Tennessee House of Representatives.
The Elliott-Larsen Civil Rights Act (ELCRA),or Public Act 453 of 1976,which went into effect in 1977,originally prohibited discrimination in Michigan only on the basis of "religion,race,color,national origin,age,sex,height,weight,familial status,or marital status" in employment,housing,education,and access to public accommodations. A ruling by the Michigan Supreme Court on July 28,2022 expanded the scope of the law to explicitly include protections for LGBT people. Sexual orientation and gender identity were both formally codified and added to Michigan legislation officially on March 16,2023 and became Act 6 of 2023. Other classes added to the law since passage include pregnant workers,workers who seek abortions,and hair style and texture.
The state of North Dakota has improved in its treatment of lesbian,gay,bisexual and transgender residents in the late 1990s and into the 21st Century,when the LGBT community began to openly establish events,organizations and outlets for fellow LGBT residents and allies,and increase in political and community awareness.
The Equality Act is a bill in the United States Congress,that,if passed,would amend the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to prohibit discrimination on the basis of sex,sexual orientation and gender identity in employment,housing,public accommodations,education,federally funded programs,credit,and jury service. The Supreme Court's June 2020 ruling in Bostock v. Clayton County protects gay and transgender people in matters of employment,but not in other respects. The Bostock ruling also covered the Altitude Express and Harris Funeral Homes cases.
Anti-LGBT curriculum laws are laws approved by various U.S. states that prohibit or limit the mention or discussion of homosexuality and transgender identity in public schools,especially in younger grades. In theory,these laws mainly apply to sex ed courses,but they can also be applied to other parts of the school curriculum as well as to extracurricular activities such as sports and organizations such as gay–straight alliances. In July 2022,a wave of anti-LGBT curriculum resurgence saw ten such laws beginning to take effect in six different states. Some states enacting these new laws appear to have mirrored similar laws from other states.
Janne Myrdal is a Republican member of the North Dakota Senate,representing the 19th district. Myrdal was first elected in 2016 to the 10th district,and re-elected in 2020. She is known for her anti-abortion activism and opposition to LGBTQ rights.
Jared Solomon is an American politician from the Democratic Party and is a member of the Maryland House of Delegates representing District 18.
Gregory Scott Stadthagen Jr. is an American politician serving as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives for the 9th district. He is a member of the Republican Party. In November 2022,Stadthagen's Republican colleagues elected him Majority Leader of the Alabama State House.
Michael A. Wobbema is a Republican serving as a member of the North Dakota Senate from the 24th district. Elected in November 2020,he assumed office on December 1,2020.
Since the passage of Florida's Parental Rights in Education Act,commonly known as the Don't Say Gay bill,The Walt Disney Company has been involved in a feud with Florida governor Ron DeSantis and the state's Republican Party. While initially a donor to some of the politicians who voted in favor of the Act,after its passage Disney spoke out against the bill and called for it to be repealed.
The Parental Rights in Education Act,commonly referred to as the "Don't Say Gay" law,is a Florida state law passed in 2022 that regulates public schools in Florida. The law is most notable for its controversial sections which prohibit public schools from having "classroom discussion" or giving "classroom instruction" about sexual orientation or gender identity from kindergarten through third grade or in any manner deemed to be against state standards in all grades;prohibits public schools from adopting procedures or student support forms that maintain the confidentiality of a disclosure by a student,including of the gender identity or sexual orientation of a student,from parents;and requires public schools to bear all the costs of all lawsuits filed by aggrieved parents.
Keith Boehm is an American politician. He is serving as a member of the North Dakota Senate from the 33rd district. He is a member of the Republican Party.
References
- ↑ "Ryan Braunberger". Ballotpedia.
- ↑ "Ryan Braunberger | North Dakota Legislative Branch". www.ndlegis.gov.
- ↑ "North Dakota Legislative Review 2023 | Ryan Braunberger (D-Fargo)". Prairie Public Broadcasting.
- ↑ http://www.ndlegis.gov/biography/ryan-braunberger
- ↑ Crane, Joel (February 11, 2023). "ND Senate passes two bills relating to personal pronouns". KFYR . Retrieved December 30, 2023.
- 1 2 Farrington, Brendan (April 30, 2023). "LGBTQ+ lawmaker to GOP: 'I'm literally trying to exist'". The Seattle Times . Retrieved December 30, 2023.
- ↑ Yurcaba, Jo (April 5, 2023). "North Dakota advances record-setting 10 anti-LGBTQ bills in one day, advocates say". NBC News . Retrieved December 30, 2023.