Saliva is an extracellular fluid produced and secreted by salivary glands in the mouth. In humans, saliva is 98% water plus electrolytes, mucus, white blood cells, epithelial cells, enzymes, antimicrobial agents such as secretory IgA, and lysozymes.
The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts. Humans have three paired major salivary glands, a pair of seromucous tubarial glands as well as hundreds of minor salivary glands. Salivary glands can be classified as serous, mucous or seromucous (mixed).
Bone sialoprotein (BSP) is a component of mineralized tissues such as bone, dentin, cementum and calcified cartilage. BSP is a significant component of the bone extracellular matrix and has been suggested to constitute approximately 8% of all non-collagenous proteins found in bone and cementum. BSP, a SIBLING protein, was originally isolated from bovine cortical bone as a 23-kDa glycopeptide with high sialic acid content.
Deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DMBT1 gene.
Cystatin-S is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST4 gene.
Histatin 3, also known as HTN3, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the HTN3 gene.
Mucin-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MUC7 gene. In animals, the MUC7 gene is found in most placental mammals, but not marsupials.
Cystatin-SN is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST1 gene.
Cystatin-SA is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CST2 gene.
Basic salivary proline-rich protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRB1 gene.
Histatin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HTN1 gene.
Oviduct-specific glycoprotein also known as oviductal glycoprotein (OGP) or estrogen-dependent oviduct protein (EGP) or mucin-9 (MUC9) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OVGP1 gene.
Basic salivary proline-rich protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRB4 gene.
Basic salivary proline-rich protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRB3 gene.
Salivary acidic proline-rich phosphoprotein 1/2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRH1 gene.
Tooth remineralisation is the natural repair process for non-cavitated tooth lesions, in which calcium, phosphate and sometimes fluoride ions are deposited into crystal voids in demineralised enamel. Remineralisation can contribute towards restoring strength and function within tooth structure.
FDC-SP or follicular dendritic cell-secreted protein, is a small, secreted protein, located on chromosome 4 in humans. It is thought to play an immune role in the junctional epithelium at the gingival crevice in the human mouth. It is very similar in structure to statherin, a protein contained in saliva.
Histatins are histidine-rich (cationic) antimicrobial proteins found in saliva. Histatin's involvement in antimicrobial activities makes histatin part of the innate immune system.
C6orf58 is a humangene located at locus 6q22.33 of chromosome 6 and encodes for UPF0762, a protein which is subsequently secreted after cleavage of a signal peptide. DUF781, which is the singular identifiable domain in UPF0762, is tied to liver development in an orthologous protein in zebrafish. The function of the human UPF0762 is not yet well characterized.
Proline-rich protein HaeIII subfamily 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRH2 gene.
