San Juan del Puerto, Florida

Last updated
San Juan del Puerto
Fort George Island SP mission marker01b.jpg
Historical marker about the mission
Location Duval County, Florida, USA
Coordinates 30°25′40″N81°25′33″W / 30.4279°N 81.4258°W / 30.4279; -81.4258
USA Florida location map.svg
Red pog.svg
Location of San Juan del Puerto in Florida
Usa edcp location map.svg
Red pog.svg
San Juan del Puerto, Florida (the United States)

San Juan del Puerto was a Spanish Franciscan mission founded before 1587 on Fort George Island, near the mouth of the St. Johns River in what is now Jacksonville, Florida. It was founded to serve the Saturiwa, a Timucua tribe who lived around the mouth of the St. Johns. It was organized by separating them into nine smaller villages. It has an important place in the study of the Timucua, as the place where Francisco Pareja undertook his work on the Timucua language.

Contents

History

The Saturiwa were one of the chiefdoms of the Mocama, the Timucua-speaking people who lived in the coastal areas of what is now northern Florida and southeastern Georgia. [1] The Saturiwa were allied with the French of Fort Caroline, and were thus initially hostile to the Spanish who ousted the French colonists from the Florida coast in 1565. However, the Saturiwa soon made peace with the Spaniards, and Misión San Juan was founded near their main town on Fort George Island prior to 1587.

This became one of the three principal missions in what the Spanish called the Mocama Province, together with San Pedro de Mocama (to the Tacatacuru) on Cumberland Island and Santa Maria de Sena between them on Amelia Island. [2] [3]

Father Francisco Pareja worked at this mission and at San Pedro de Mocama. He devised a system of writing for Timucuan [4] and taught some of the Mocama. In 1612, he printed a catechism in Spanish and Timucua, the first book printed in an indigenous language of the Americas. [5]

After 1650, Guale refugees from the next chiefdom to the north along the (present-day) Georgia coast were settled at the mission.

The Spanish abandoned the mission around 1702, partly in response to raids from Native Americans and allied English colonists from South Carolina during Queen Anne's War.

See also

Notes

  1. John E. Worth (1998). The Timucuan Chiefdoms of Spanish Florida: Resistance and destruction. University Press of Florida. p. xiii. ISBN   978-0-8130-1575-0.
  2. John E. Worth (4 February 2007). The Struggle for the Georgia Coast. University of Alabama Press. p. 196. ISBN   978-0-8173-5411-4.
  3. Ashley, p. 135.
  4. Jerald T. Milanich (14 August 1996). Timucua. VNR AG. p. 38. ISBN   978-1-55786-488-8.
  5. William C. Sturtevant (1978). Handbook of North American Indians: Languages . Government Printing Office. p.  18. ISBN   978-0-16-048774-3.

References

30°25′N81°26′W / 30.41°N 81.43°W / 30.41; -81.43