Related Research Articles
Anime is hand-drawn and computer-generated animation originating from Japan. Outside Japan and in English,anime refers specifically to animation produced in Japan. However,in Japan and Japanese,anime describes all animated works,regardless of style or origin. Many works of animation with a similar style to Japanese animation are also produced outside Japan. Video games sometimes also feature themes and art styles that can be considered as anime.
A fansub is a version of a foreign film or foreign television program,typically anime or dorama which has been translated by fans and subtitled into a language usually other than that of the original.
The history of anime can be traced back to the start of the 20th century,with the earliest verifiable films dating from 1917. Before the advent of film,Japan already had a rich tradition of entertainment with colourful painted figures moving across the projection screen in utsushi-e (写し絵),a particular Japanese type of magic lantern show popular in the 19th century. Possibly inspired by European phantasmagoria shows,utsushi-e showmen used mechanical slides and developed lightweight wooden projectors (furo) that were handheld so that several performers could each control the motions of different projected figures.
Rei Ayanami is a fictional character from the Neon Genesis Evangelion franchise,created by Gainax studio. In the anime series of the same name,Rei is an introverted girl chosen as the pilot of a giant mecha named Evangelion Unit 00. At the beginning of the series,Rei is an enigmatic figure whose unusual behavior astonishes her peers. As the series progresses,she becomes more involved with the people around her,particularly her classmate and fellow Eva pilot,Shinji Ikari. Rei appears in the franchise's animated feature films and related media,video games,the original net animation Petit Eva:Evangelion@School,the Rebuild of Evangelion films,and the manga adaptation by Yoshiyuki Sadamoto.
The following is a glossary of terms that are specific to anime and manga. Anime includes animated series,films and videos,while manga includes graphic novels,drawings and related artwork.
The yaoi fandom consists of the readers of yaoi,a genre of male homosexual narratives. Individuals in the yaoi fandom may attend conventions,maintain/post to fansites,create fanfiction/fanart,etc. In the mid-1990s,estimates of the size of the Japanese yaoi fandom were at 100,000–500,000 people. Despite increased knowledge of the genre among the general public,readership remained limited in 2008. English-language fan translations of From Eroica with Love circulated through the slash fiction community in the 1980s,forging a link between slash fiction fandom and yaoi fandom.
Helen McCarthy is the British author of such anime reference books as 500 Manga Heroes and Villains,Anime!,The Anime Movie Guide and Hayao Miyazaki:Master of Japanese Animation. She is the co-author of The Erotic Anime Movie Guide and the exhaustive The Anime Encyclopedia with Jonathan Clements. She also designs needlework and textile art.
The anime and manga fandom is a worldwide community of fans of anime and manga. Anime includes animated series,films and videos,while manga includes manga,graphic novels,drawings,and related artworks. The anime and manga fandom traces back to the 1970s and has an international reach.
Space Adventure Cobra:The Movie,known in Japan as Space Adventure Cobra,is a 1982 Japanese adult animated science fiction film directed by Osamu Dezaki based on Buichi Terasawa's 1978 manga Cobra.
Mechademia:Second Arc is a biannual peer-reviewed academic journal in English about Japanese popular culture products and fan practices. It is published by the University of Minnesota Press and the editor-in-chief is Frenchy Lunning. Mechademia has also held an annual conference since 2001.
Susan Jolliffe Napier is a professor of the Japanese program at Tufts University. She was formerly the Mitsubishi Professor of Japanese Literature and Culture at the University of Texas at Austin. She also worked as a visiting professor in the Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations at Harvard University,and in cinema and media studies at University of Pennsylvania. Napier is an anime and manga critic.
There is significant awareness of Japanese popular culture in the United States. The flow of Japanese animation,fashion,films,manga comics,martial arts,television shows and video games to the United States has increased American awareness of Japanese pop culture,which has had a significant influence on American pop culture,including sequential media and entertainment into the 21st century.
The Last:Naruto the Movie is a 2014 Japanese animated action-romance film produced by Studio Pierrot and directed by Tsuneo Kobayashi. It is the tenth film based on Masashi Kishimoto's manga and anime Naruto,and the first to be canon. It stars Junko Takeuchi,Nana Mizuki,Chie Nakamura,Showtaro Morikubo,Satoshi Hino,Kazuhiko Inoue and Noriaki Sugiyama. Set before the finale of Naruto,the film focuses on Naruto Uzumaki's ninja team as they go on a mission to stop the moon from falling,and rescue Hanabi Hyuga —Hinata Hyuga's sister —from Toneri Otsutsuki,a man who wishes to marry Hinata and punish mankind for weaponising chakra.
Tanis MacDonald is a Canadian poet,professor,reviewer,and writer of creative non-fiction. She is Professor at Wilfrid Laurier University with specialities in Canadian literature,women’s literature,and the elegy. She is the author of four books of poetry and one scholarly study,the editor of a selected works,and the founder of the Elegy Roadshow.
Night Is Short,Walk On Girl is a 2017 Japanese animated romantic comedy film directed by Masaaki Yuasa. The film is based on the 2006 novel The Night Is Short,Walk on Girl written by Tomihiko Morimi and illustrated by Yusuke Nakamura,who also served as the film's original character designer. The film was released in North America as The Night Is Short,Walk On Girl,with a leading article added,but in other English-speaking regions without one. It has been awarded the Grand Prize for Best Animated Feature at the Ottawa International Animation Festival and the Japan Academy Prize for Animation of the Year.
In anime and manga,the term "LGBTQ themes" includes lesbian,gay,bisexual and transgender material. Outside Japan,anime generally refers to a specific Japanese-style of animation,but the word anime is used by the Japanese themselves to broadly describe all forms of animated media there. According to Harry Benshoff and Sean Griffin,the fluid state of animation allows flexibility of animated characters to perform multiple roles at once. Manga genres that focus on same-sex intimacy and relationships resulted from fan work that depicted relationships between two same-sex characters. This includes characters who express their gender and sexuality outside of hetero-normative boundaries. There are also multiple sub genres that target specific consumers and themes:yaoi,yuri,shoujo-ai,shonen-ai,bara,etc. LGBT-related manga found its origins from fans who created an "alternative universe" in which they paired their favorite characters together. Many of the earliest works that contained LGBT themes were found in works by dōjinshi who has specifically written content outside the regular industry. The rise of yaoi and yuri was also slowed due to censorship laws in Japan that make it extremely hard for Japanese manga artists ("mangakas") and others to create work that is LGBT themed. Anime that contained LGBTQ content was changed to meet international standards. However,publishing companies continued to expand their repertoire to include yuri and yaoi,and conventions were created to form a community and culture for fans of this work.
Anime and manga or animanga for short are forms of mass media produced by the content industry of Japan. The anime and manga industry forms an integral part of Japan's soft power as one of its most prominent cultural exports. Anime are Japanese animated shows with a distinctive artstyle. Anime storylines can include fantasy or real life. They are famous for elements like vivid graphics and character expressions. In contrast,manga is strictly paper drawings,with comic book style drawings. Usually,animes are adaptations of manga but some of the animes with original stories adapted into manga form.
Karen L. Hellekson is an American author and scholar who researches science fiction and fan studies. In the field of science fiction,she is known for her research on the alternate history genre,the topic of her 2001 book,The Alternate History:Refiguring Historical Time,and has also published on the author Cordwainer Smith. In fan studies,she is known for her work on fan fiction and the culture of the fan community. She has co-edited two essay collections on fan fiction with Kristina Busse,and in 2008,co-founded the academic journal,Transformative Works and Cultures,also with Busse.
Deborah Lynn MacLatchy is a Canadian ecotoxicologist and comparative endocrinologist. She is the seventh President and Vice-Chancellor of Wilfrid Laurier University,having formally led the International Office at the University of New Brunswick. She also served as President and Council Member of the Canadian Society of Zoologists and Chair of the Science Directors of the Canadian Rivers Institute. In 2012,MacLatchy was recognized as one of Canada’s Most Powerful Women in a Top 100 list compiled by the Women’s Executive Network.
Nancy Lunning is an American academic who specializes in anime. She is a Professor Emeritus in Liberal Arts at the Minneapolis College of Art and Design.
References
- 1 2 3 4 "Sandra Annett". Wilfrid Laurier University. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ Sandra, Annett (2011). Animating Transcultural Communities: Animation Fandom in North America and East Asia from 1906–2010 (PhD thesis). University of Manitoba. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ "Visual arts professor visits UNG to discuss exchange opportunities and present research paper". University of North Georgia. October 9, 2017. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ Annett, Sandra (2014). Anime Fan Communities: Transcultural Flows and Frictions. doi:10.1057/9781137476104. ISBN 978-1-349-50275-2 . Retrieved January 17, 2024.
{{cite book}}:|website=ignored (help) - ↑ "The Flesh of Animation". University of Minnesota Press. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ "Editorial Team". Mechademia. September 1, 2018. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ Emmett, Neil (January 29, 2015). "Book Review: 'Anime Fan Communities' by Sandra Annett". Cartoon Brew. Retrieved January 17, 2024.
- ↑ Hemmann, Kathryn (September 15, 2017). ""Anime fan communities: Transcultural flows and frictions," by Sandra Annett". Transformative Works and Cultures. 25. doi: 10.3983/twc.2017.01093 . ISSN 1941-2258.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| Academics | |
| Other | |
