 | |
| Total population | |
|---|---|
| 506,369 (2011, census) [1] | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
| West Bengal | 506,350 [1] |
Sari Dharam (also spelt Sari Dhorom) is the religion of the Santal people residing in India. [2] Sari Dharam is one of the religious belief in eastern region of Indian states like Jharkhand, West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha and Assam. [3] [4] However, Santals also practices Sarnaism.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1981 | 221,991 | — |
| 1991 | 380,007 | +71.2% |
| 2001 | 638,266 | +68.0% |
| 2011 | 506,369 | −20.7% |
| Source: Census of India [5] [6] [7] [1] | ||
According to 2011 census of India, there are 506,369 followers of Sari Dharam in India, [1] primarily followed by the Santal tribe of West Bengal, representing 94.43% of the total Sari Dharam adherents. [8]
Earlier days, Pandit Raghunath Murmu has been known to unite Santal people through high Hital a scripture of evolution of the Earth and human being of Kherwals myth. [13] The most notable recent preachers and religious leaders are Somai Kisku, also known as Sari Dharam Guru Baba, [14] and Dr Subodh Hansda from West Bengal, in Eastern India. [15]
The followers demanded recognition of the Sari Dharam in West Bengal. [16]
Santal Pargana division constitutes six district administration units known as the divisions of Jharkhand state in eastern India.
The Santal are an Austroasiatic-speaking Munda ethnic group of the Indian subcontinent. Santals are the largest tribe in the Jharkhand and West Bengal in terms of population and are also found in the states of Odisha, Bihar, Assam and Tripura. They are the largest ethnic minority in northern Bangladesh's Rajshahi Division and Rangpur Division. They have a sizeable population in Nepal. The Santals speak Santali, the most widely spoken Munda languages of Austroasiatic language family.
The tribes of Jharkhand consist of 32 scheduled tribes inhabiting the Jharkhand state in India. In 1872, only 18 tribes were counted among the scheduled tribes from which Banjara, Bhatudi, Chik Baraik, and Mahli were marked as semi-Hindu aboriginal and Kora as proletariat Hindu. In the 1931 census, including the above four semi-Hindu aboriginal and Kora, a proletariat Hindu, the number was raised to 26 from 18. They were Birajia, Godait, Karmali and Paharia, but Kisan was excluded from the list. In the 1941 census, Baga, Bedia and Lohra were included again taking Kisan in the annexure and the number came to 30 which prevailed till June 2003. Kanwar and Kol were added on 8 June 2003 in the annexure and the number of Schedule Tribes came to 32.
Raghunath Murmu was an Indian Santali writer and educator. He developed the Ol Chiki script for Santali language. Until the nineteenth century, Santali people had no written language and knowledge was transmitted orally from one generation to other. Later European researchers and Christian missionaries started to use Bengali, Odia, and Roman scripts to document the Santali language. However, Santalis did not have their own script. His development of the Ol Chiki script enriched the cultural identity of the Santali society. He wrote many songs, plays and school text books in the Ol Chiki script.
Mohanpur is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Kharagpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Nayagram is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Jhargram subdivision of Jhargram district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Daspur I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
The Santali Latin alphabet was invented in the 1890s by the Norwegian missionary Paul Olaf Bodding, and is still used by most Santals, in northern Jharkhand,, northern West Bengal, Assam, Bangladesh and Nepal and exclusively used by Santals who have studied in missionary schools. Since the Santals had no alphabet to call their own till 1925 when Pandit Raghunath Murmu invented Ol chiki script, using Brahmi and Odiya alphabets in 1925, they adopted the Latin script, using certain diacritical marks to denote sounds that differ from those these letters have in English. This was done under the influence of Christian missionaries who were the first to take an active interest in the study of the Santali language.
Roughly 8.6 per cent of India's population is made up of "Scheduled Tribes" (STs), traditional tribal communities. In India those who are not Christians, Muslims, Jews, Sikhs, Buddhists, or Zoroastrians are identified as Hindus. The reason being varied beliefs and practices allowed in Hindusim and according of Hindusim as a geographical identity than merely Religious ones. Though, many of the Scheduled Tribes have modes of worship not typical to mainstream Hindusim but ontologically form part of the cultural practices of the land, as Nature or ancestral worship, with varying degrees of syncretism.
Binpur I is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Jhargram subdivision of Jhargram district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Sabang is a community development block that forms an administrative division in the Kharagpur subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Ghatal is a community development block that forms an administrative division in Ghatal subdivision of Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
Sarnaism is a religious faith of the Indian subcontinent, predominantly followed by indigenous communities of Chota Nagpur Plateau region across states like Jharkhand, Odisha, West Bengal, Bihar, and Chhattisgarh.
Baragari is a village in PO Jambani and the Raipur CD block in the Khatra subdivision of the Bankura district in the state of West Bengal, India
Murmu is a surname indicating a particular clan (paris) of the Santals found in India, Nepal, Bangladesh and Bhutan.
Sadhu Ramchand Murmu was a Santali poet, writer, and educator. He reshaped the Santali literature and music in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He is also known as Kobiguru or Mahakabi of Santali literature. He is one of the great tribal poets from India. He is the first Santali poet who combines the high poetic tradition of Sanskrit and Bengali literature with the cadences and aesthetic sensibilities of Santali oral tradition. He encourages the indigenous Santals community and inspired them in education & culture. He also developed the first script named MUJ-DANDHE for the Santali language in 1923.
Marang Buru, also written Maran Buru; is a supreme deity of Santal, Bhumij, Ho and Munda tribes residing in India, Bangladesh, Nepal. This creator is variously called Marang Buru and is the "cause of all causes," making the tribal religion, in a deep sense, monotheistic as well as pantheistic.
Bharat Jakat Majhi Pargana Mahal is an Indian social organisation dedicated to socio education development, socio philosophy development, socio economic development and socio cultural development of the Santal community.
Santali literature refers to the literary works written in the Santali language, primarily spoken by the Santal people of India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. It is one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is written in the indigenous script called Ol Chiki script. Santali literature is composed in two broad styles- ᱠᱟᱹᱛᱷᱱᱤ (Kạthni-prose), ᱜᱟᱹᱛᱷᱱᱤ (Gạthni-poetry).In terms of historical development, it is broadly classified into two prominent forms (genres) based on historical passes. They are:
Jaher Ayo is the supreme deity of productivity, prosperity and savior of mankind in the Sari Dharam and Sarnaism followed by native Santal tribal people in India, Bangladesh and Nepal. She is also the consort of supreme deity Marang Buru. Literally, in SantaliJaher Ayo means ᱡᱟᱝ ᱵᱟᱦᱟ (ᱡᱤᱣᱤ) ᱮ-ᱮᱨ ᱤᱫᱚ ᱟᱭᱳ / ᱜᱚᱜᱚ, that isThe Mother of Life.
