 Former Schocken Department Store in Chemnitz, shortly before re-opening as State Museum of Archaeology Chemnitz | |
Native name | Kaufhaus Schocken |
|---|---|
| Formerly | I. Schocken Sons |
| Industry | consumer products distribution  |
| Founded | 1921 |
| Founders |
|
| Headquarters | Zwickau |
| Parent | Helmut Horten GmbH |
Schocken Department Stores (Kaufhaus Schocken) was a chain of department stores in Germany before World War II.
The company was founded by Simon Schocken (1874–1929) and Salman Schocken (1877–1959). After Simon had married into the owner family of Warenhaus Ury Gebrüder in Leipzig, the two brothers enlarged the business to a chain by establishing a second department store in Zwickau. In 1930, the company (named I. Schocken Sons since 1907) had become the fourth largest department store company in Germany with 20 stores. After the death of Simon Schocken in a car crash in 1929, his brother was sole owner.
The most famous stores are the ones in Nuremberg (Aufseßplatz) (built 1925/26, demolished), Stuttgart (→ Schocken Stuttgart, 1926–28, demolished 1960) and Chemnitz (1927–30) designed by architect Erich Mendelsohn. All three can be seen as milestones in modern architecture. [1]
After the rise of Nazism, Salman Schocken was forced to sell his department stores to the Merkur AG (so-called "Aryanisation"). After the war, Schocken sold his regained share of the company (51%) to Helmut Horten GmbH, which later became part of Kaufhof and is currently owned by Metro.
In 1931, Salman Schocken founded his own publishing house (later Schocken Books) which published books in German and Hebrew. [2] It later moved to Palestine and the United States. The Schocken family lives in Israel and the United States. Schocken Books is now affiliated with Random House Publishing. The family still owns 60% of the Israeli newspaper Haaretz once owned by Salman Schocken.
Haaretz is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel, and is now published in both Hebrew and English in the Berliner format. The English edition is published and sold together with the International New York Times. Both Hebrew and English editions can be read on the internet. In North America, it is published as a weekly newspaper, combining articles from the Friday edition with a roundup from the rest of the week.
Erich Mendelsohn was a German architect, known for his expressionist architecture in the 1920s, as well as for developing a dynamic functionalism in his projects for department stores and cinemas. Mendelsohn was a pioneer of the Art Deco and Streamline Moderne architecture, notably with his 1921 Mossehaus design.
The Schocken Department Store in Stuttgart, built in 1924–26, was one of the most prominent examples of the Modernist New Objectivity movement in German architecture, and demolished despite protests in 1960. Along with other departments stores designed by its architect Erich Mendelsohn, it introduced a style later popularised internationally as Streamline Moderne.
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Schocken Books is a publishing company originally established in Berlin as Schocken Verlag.
Salman Schocken or Shlomo Zalman Schocken was a German Jewish publisher, and co-founder of the large Kaufhaus Schocken chain of department stores in Germany. Stripped of his citizenship and forced to sell his company by the German government, he immigrated to Mandatory Palestine in 1934, where he purchased the newspaper Haaretz.
Schocken may refer to:
Benjamin Liebermann was a German textile manufacturer. He was born at Märkisch Friedland on 4 February 1812 and died in Berlin on 15 January 1901. In 1825 his family moved to the latter city; and Liebermann, after completing a school course, entered the employ of a firm in London. Upon his return to Berlin he was taken into his father's business, which he soon developed into the largest calico-manufactory in Germany. That his ability was recognized is shown by the fact that he was elected to the presidency of the German merchants' association. For many years he held the office of president of the Gesellschaft der Freunde, and he was treasurer of the Lehranstalt für die Wissenschaft des Judenthums at the time of its foundation.
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The Bücherei des Schocken Verlag sometimes informally referred to as beliebte Reihe der Schocken-Bücherei with its distinct, uniform style is widely considered "one of the most important manifestations of the spiritual life of Jews in Germany between 1933 and 1938".
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Fritz Gause was a German historian, archivist, and curator described as the last great historian of his native city, Königsberg, East Prussia. Gause's most important work was his three-volume history of Königsberg, Die Geschichte der Stadt Königsberg in Preußen. He was connected to nationalist historic movement called Ostforschung
Gideon Schocken was a Haganah fighter, major in the British Army during World War II, and aluf in the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). He served as the head of the Manpower Directorate from February 1956 to April 1961.
Simon Deutsch was an Austrian Jewish bibliographer, businessman, and revolutionary. He was an important member of the First International and a veteran of the Paris Commune.
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Michael Maaser is a German historian, archivist of the Goethe University Frankfurt.
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