Scott Cassell | |
---|---|
Born | |
Nationality | American |
Occupation(s) | Explorer, underwater filmmaker, counter-terrorism operative |
Known for | World record for longest distance traveled by a diver |
Scott J. Cassell (born March 16, 1962) [1] is an American explorer, underwater filmmaker and counter-terrorism operative. [2] His documentary credits include over thirty-five programs for the Disney Channel, MTV ( Wildboyz ), Spike TV, the Discovery Channel, Animal Planet, the Space, the BBC and the History Channel. [3] He has over 13,000 hours as a diver, and is a United States Coast Guard-qualified submersible pilot, with over 900 dives in the 'SeaMagine SeaMobile' submersible. [3] He holds the world record for longest distance traveled by a diver (52 miles in 9.5 hours). [2] [3]
Cassell grew up in California and worked as an underwater welder as a teenager. [4] He began diving in 1977. [3] Cassell spent over a decade filming or photographing Humboldt squid. [5] [6] It has been claimed that in November 2006 Cassell became the first person to film a giant squid in its natural environment, leading an expedition that filmed an Architeuthis dux with an estimated length of 40 feet in predatory behavior. The footage aired on a History Channel program, MonsterQuest: Giant Squid Found . [3] Cassell subsequently distanced himself from this documentary, claiming that it contained multiple factual, scientific, and ethical errors. [5] [7]
Cassell is a former U.S. Army combat medic (68W), and served as an AeroScout Observer (93B) in the California Army National Guard from 1985 to 2000. [8] He served as a combat diver for fifteen years. [4] He has served as a sniper, an anti-piracy consultant and a Counterterrorism Combat Dive Instructor for Special Ops personnel. [8] Cassell has twenty years of experience with closed circuit rebreathers. [2] [3] He is also an experienced cave diver. [3] Cassell is a featured contributor to California Diver Magazine. [9]
Cassell is the founder and head of Sea Wolves Unlimited and the Undersea Voyager Project (UVP). Sea Wolves uses Special Ops techniques on "rECOn missions" to identify the killers of marine endangered species. UVP is a non-profit organization dedicated to ocean health. [8] UVP's first mission was conducted in Lake Tahoe and included 58 submersible dives and 33 scuba dives. [3]
On September 17, 2011, Cassell attempted to set a new world record for longest distance traveled by a diver. Cassell planned to swim a distance of 30 miles, from Santa Catalina Island to San Pedro Harbor, during one continuous scuba dive while conducting experiments related to the decline in shark populations. [10] [11] [12] He suffered a near-fatal equipment failure, forcing him to surface and give up the record attempt, but completed the dive after correcting the technical problems. No sharks were found during the dive. [13] [14] [15]
The giant squid is a species of deep-ocean dwelling squid in the family Architeuthidae. It can grow to a tremendous size, offering an example of abyssal gigantism: recent estimates put the maximum size at around 12–13 m (39–43 ft) for females and 10 m (33 ft) for males, from the posterior fins to the tip of the two long tentacles. This makes it longer than the colossal squid at an estimated 9–10 m (30–33 ft), but substantially lighter, as the tentacles make up most of the length. The mantle of the giant squid is about 2 m long, and the length of the squid excluding its tentacles rarely exceeds 5 m (16 ft). Claims of specimens measuring 20 m (66 ft) or more have not been scientifically documented.
Deep diving is underwater diving to a depth beyond the norm accepted by the associated community. In some cases this is a prescribed limit established by an authority, while in others it is associated with a level of certification or training, and it may vary depending on whether the diving is recreational, technical or commercial. Nitrogen narcosis becomes a hazard below 30 metres (98 ft) and hypoxic breathing gas is required below 60 metres (200 ft) to lessen the risk of oxygen toxicity. At much greater depths, breathing gases become supercritical fluids, making diving with conventional equipment effectively impossible regardless of the physiological effects on the human body. Air, for example, becomes a supercritical fluid below about 400 metres (1,300 ft).
The Blue Planet is a British nature documentary series created and co-produced as a co-production between the BBC Natural History Unit and Discovery Channel. It premiered on 12 September 2001 in the United Kingdom. It is narrated by David Attenborough.
Diving activities are the things people do while diving underwater. People may dive for various reasons, both personal and professional. While a newly qualified recreational diver may dive purely for the experience of diving, most divers have some additional reason for being underwater. Recreational diving is purely for enjoyment and has several specialisations and technical disciplines to provide more scope for varied activities for which specialist training can be offered, such as cave diving, wreck diving, ice diving and deep diving. Several underwater sports are available for exercise and competition.
A diver propulsion vehicle (DPV), also known as an underwater propulsion vehicle, sea scooter, underwater scooter, or swimmer delivery vehicle (SDV) by armed forces, is an item of diving equipment used by scuba divers to increase range underwater. Range is restricted by the amount of breathing gas that can be carried, the rate at which that breathing gas is consumed, and the battery power of the DPV. Time limits imposed on the diver by decompression requirements may also limit safe range in practice. DPVs have recreational, scientific and military applications.
The Catalina Island Marine Institute (CIMI) is a non-profit educational program founded in 1979 and run by Guided Discoveries on Santa Catalina Island, California.
Benjamin Cropp is an Australian documentary filmmaker, conservationist and a former Open Australian spearfishing champion. Formerly a shark hunter, Cropp retired from that trade in 1962 to pursue oceanic documentary filmmaking and conservation efforts. One of his efforts for The Disney Channel, The Young Adventurers, was nominated for an Emmy award.
The International Scuba Diving Hall of Fame (ISDHF) is an annual event that recognizes those who have contributed to the success and growth of recreational scuba diving in dive travel, entertainment, art, equipment design and development, education, exploration and adventure. It was founded in 2000 by the Cayman Islands Ministry of Tourism. Currently, it exists virtually with plans for a physical facility to be built at a future time.
Sodwana Bay is a bay in South Africa on the KwaZulu Natal north coast, between St. Lucia and Lake Sibhayi. It is in the Sodwana Bay National Park, and the Maputaland Marine Reserve, and is a popular recreational diving destination. The term is commonly used to refer to both the marine reserve and the terrestrial park, as well as the geographical bay.
USS YO-257 was a Yard Oiler of the United States Navy that was launched in the early 1940s and scuttled two miles off Waikiki, Honolulu, Hawaii in 1989.
Monty Halls is a British TV broadcaster and marine biologist best known for his BBC Great Escape series Monty Halls' Great Escape, Monty Halls' Great Hebridean Escape and Monty Halls' Great Irish Escape, during which he lived and worked in remote parts of the UK and Ireland with his dog Reuben. Halls' other TV programmes include WWII's Great Escapes, Great Barrier Reef and Lost Worlds with Leo Houlding for Discovery Channel.
Bret Clifton Gilliam was an American pioneering technical diver. He was most famous as co-founder of the certification agency Technical Diving International along with Mitch Skaggs, and as the one time holder of the world record for deep diving on air. He is also one of diving's most popular writers. Gilliam is the author or coauthor of 72 books, over 1500 feature magazine articles, and over 100 magazine cover photos. In his diving career he has logged over 19,000 dives since 1959.
Cephalopod attacks on humans have been reported since ancient times. A significant portion of these attacks are questionable or unverifiable tabloid stories. Cephalopods are members of the class Cephalopoda, which includes all squid, octopuses, cuttlefish, and nautiluses. Some members of the group are capable of causing injury or death to humans.
Jonathan Bird is an American photographer, cinematographer, director and television host. He is best known for his role as the host of Jonathan Bird's Blue World, a family-friendly underwater exploration program on public television in the United States. His work is largely underwater in nature.
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The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to underwater diving:
The following index is provided as an overview of and topical guide to underwater divers:
Diving support equipment is the equipment used to facilitate a diving operation. It is either not taken into the water during the dive, such as the gas panel and compressor, or is not integral to the actual diving, being there to make the dive easier or safer, such as a surface decompression chamber. Some equipment, like a diving stage, is not easily categorised as diving or support equipment, and may be considered as either.
Cristina Zenato is an Italian-born shark diver and conservationist. She is known for her work with Caribbean reef sharks in The Bahamas.